it’s time to do smart cities properly: dan hill

It’s time to do smart cities properly

!Dan Hill

Executive Director of Futures Future Cities Catapult

@FutureCitiesCat / futurecities.catapult.org.uk @cityofsound / cityofsound.com

Understanding the city as a

real-time system

The Cloud

w/ MIT, Carlo Ratti, Atmos, Arup &c 2008

Barangaroo

w/ Arup, Rogers Stirk Harbour &c 2008-10

Masdar

w/ Arup, LAVA &c, 2008-09

MELBOURNESMARTCITY

Melbourne

w/ Arup, C40, City of Melbourne 2009

New Songdo City

SongNo

Expo

Cisco pavilion, Shanghai Expo 2010

GM pavilion, Shanghai Expo 2010

We don’t make citiesin order to

make buildings or infrastructure.

Culture Commerce Community Conviviality

The City itself ?????

Our approach to our infrastructure does

clearly affect the city, however.

GM vs LA

George Street, Sydney 1906

The value of inefficiency

“Technology is the answer.But what is the question?”

— Cedric Price

?

Have we made clear the value of

the smart city to citizens?

?

“The best way to predict the future is to design it.”

— Buckminster Fuller

“The best way to predict the

future is to design it.”

— Buckminster Fuller

“Technology is the answer.

But what is the question?”

— Cedric Price

Using design to frame questions …

… about 21st century city products, services,

spaces & cultures.

A particularly useful role for a certain kind of interaction

design?

Low2No / SITRA, Arup, Experientia etc.

Low2No / SITRA, Arup, Experientia etc.

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Low2No / SITRA, Arup, Experientia etc.

low2no.org

Low2No / SITRA, Arup, Experientia etc.

W/ Arup / Experientia

Low2No / SITRA, Arup, Experientia etc.

Connected Streets / Catapult, Wikihouse 2014

Elephant & Castle, London / Lend Lease

What does a 21st century urban

development look like?

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

Hyde Park Data Visualisation 4

Future Cities Catapult

BRIXTONWorking with citizens we are exploring what are the interventions that can encourage new attitudes towards air quality and air pollution and how behaviour can change as a result

HYDE PARKWorking with the Management and Education teams of The Royal Parks we are deploying a heterogeneous network of sensors including air quality, water, light and soil sensors

TOWER BRIDGEWorking with Southwark council we are installing sensors on Tower Bridge road to measure the air SROXWLRQ�HHFWV�RI�LGOLQJ�FDU�HQJLQHV�ZKHQ�WKH�bridge is raised.

ENFIELD BOROUGH:RUNLQJ�ZLWK�WKH�(QYLURQPHQWDO�+HDOWK�RFH�ZH�are deploying 100 sensor nodes across the borough, with a special focus on schools

ELEPHANT AND CASTLEWorking with property developer and Southwark FRXQFLO�ZH�DUH�GHSOR\LQJ�D�QXPEHU�RI�12[�VSHFL¿F��real-time, sensing nodes that will enable testing of innovative NOx reduction technologies

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

7

Background Who we talked to

Our choice of transport can make a big impact on air quality. For this UHDVRQ��ZH�UHFUXLWHG����SHRSOH�WR�FRYHU�D�VSUHDG�RI�GLHUHQW�WUDQVSRUW�modes, including: car commuters, users of public transport, walkers, cyclists, a taxi driver and a tube driver.

For inspiration design research looks to the extremes, as well as the norm. Our sample included: school run mums, buggy pushers, asthma VXHUHUV��LQKDELWDQWV�RI�OHVV�SROOXWHG��PRUH�SROOXWHG�SODFHV��D�VHPL�SUR�sports player training outdoors, someone who wears a pollution mask, and someone tracking their own behaviour to make a lifestyle change.

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

11

Our perceptions of pollution are subjective, rather than scientific

Insight 01

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

12

Insight 01 Our perceptions of pollution are subjective, rather than scientific

We found:Sensing is believing…We think about pollution only when we see it, feel it or smell it. Our perceptions of pollution are bound by our senses. We see it in crowded commercial areas, in busy WUDF���IURP�KLJK�YDQWDJH�points. We feel it when our breathing tightens, or as a layer on our hands, our faces or even on our hair.

“I do notice [with the air] on holiday that I don’t have to wash my hair as much as I

do here. ±�7������(Q¿HOG

“Sometimes you can just feel it on your face, it’s just grimy. It makes

your lungs tighten. ±�&������(Q¿HOG

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

14

Insight 01 Our perceptions of pollution are subjective, rather than scientific

We found:Our perceptions of air quality are informed by our comparative experiences - by where we’ve been and what we’ve seen.One person who’d lived through the 1950s believed London’s air has improved. $QRWKHU�IURP�UXUDO�6XVVH[�saw London’s air quality as SRRU��$QG�RQH�SHUVRQ�IURP�%RJRWD�GLGQ¶W�HYHQ�EHOLHYH�that London has an air pollution problem.

“In London, I’d see this [photo] and think it’s just a cloudy day. In %RJRWD�,¶G�WKLQN�\HV��they have a problem

with air pollution. – E 21, Bogota

““I remember as a child having D�VFDUI�DFURVV�P\�IDFH«�$QG�D�

conductor walking in front of the EXV�ZLWK�D�WRUFK«�,W¶V�GH¿QLWHO\�

improved since then.”%������(Q¿HOG

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

Sensing Cities / Catapult, Intel ICRI

Urban Sensing / Arup, UTS 2009-10

Urban Sensing / Arup, UTS 2009-10

Sensing the city

Sensing project / Arup, CSM 2009

What’s so important about a public sensor box?

?

Het Schip / Courtesy of Matt Cottam

Het Schip / Courtesy of Matt Cottam

Het Schip / Courtesy of Matt Cottam

What are the seams of the

system, and who designs and owns them? Who owns

the decisions?

What are the seams of the

system, and who designs and owns them? Who owns

the decisions?

?

21 Balançoires, Montréal

Studio Roosegaarde bioluminescent trees

3D-print Canal House / DUS Architects

CityMapper

Europe compressed by high-speed rail

Cities Unlocked / Catapult, Guide Dogs, M’soft

Cities Unlocked / Catapult, Guide Dogs, M’soft

Catapult / Connected displays, w/ BERG

What interactions define a 21st

century street?

?

Urban retrofits / Airbnb

Urban retrofits / Uber

Urban retrofits / bike sharing

Urban Engines, 2014

‘Rush Hour’, Black Sheep Films 2014

Urban retrofits / autonomous vehicles

Urban retrofits / autonomous vehicles

-80%?

PROS Accidents ▼Air quality ▲ Carbon ▼ Space ▲

CONS Obesity ▲ Car industry ▼ Equal access ▼ Public services ▼

Might a new kind of car be about to change the city as much as the old

one did?

Urban retrofits / Bridj

Predictive analytics

Predictive analytics, The Verge

What will be the impact of predictive analytics on cities?

Changing the city without

changing the city

Could be an issue for architects and

engineers?

Dark matter

A brief aside on dark matter.

IF YOU REALLY WANT TO CHANGE THE CITY, OR want a real struggle, a real fight, then it would require re-engaging with things like public planning for example, or re-engaging with government, or re-engaging with a large-scale institutionalised developers. I think that’s where the real struggles lie, that we re-engage with these structures and these institutions, this horribly complex ‘dark matter.’ That’s where it becomes really interesting.

Wouter Vanstiphout Interviewed by Rory Hyde, 2010

Dark Matter and Trojan Horses, Strelka Press

Building codes = dark matter

Something for interaction designers?

What kind of city do we

want?

What is public and what is private?

?

Can yesterday’s institutions produce tomorrow’s cities?

Ravintolapäivä / Helsinki 2012—

Ravintolapäivä / Helsinki 2012—

Ravintolapäivä / Helsinki 2012—

Ravintolapäivä / Helsinki 2012—

Ravintolapäivä / Helsinki 2012—

Ravintolapäivä / Helsinki 2012—

Governments now have competition.

As platforms.

The day after Restaurant Day

Popups pop down.

Pool / floating/filtering pool, New York 2012-

brickstarter.org

Brickstarter / SITRA 2012

brickstarter.org

Brickstarter / SITRA 2012

brickstarter.org

Brickstarter / SITRA 2012

brickstarter.org

Brickstarter / SITRA 2012

brickstarter.org

Brickstarter / SITRA 2012

A design probe.

brickstarter.org

‘View source’on the city

What if participation

platforms didn’t have to sidestep the institution?

DPW HOLDSPUBLIC HEARING

BOARD OF PERMIT APPEALSHOLDS PUBLIC HEARING

ENJOYPARKLET

ENJOYPARKLET

OBJECTIONS

SOMEONEAPPEALS

APPLICANTAPPEALS

SIGNIFICANTVIOLATION(S)

OFFICERSUPPORTS

OFFICERSUPPORTS

OFFICERAGAINST

OFFICERAGAINST

{ 6 month with possible 6 month extension }

Items to Submit:Initial Application FormInitial Site Plan and PhotosConcept DescriptionLetters Of Support

PERMITREVOKED

PROPOSALREJECTED

PROPOSALSELECTEDPROPOSALSELECTED

KEEP IT CLEAN.WATER THE PLANTS.RENEW IN ONE YEAR.

REMEMBER TO:

PERMITGRANTEDPERMIT

GRANTED

PLANNING ISSUES PUBLIC NOTICEINITIAL REVIEW BY MTA, DPW, PLANNING

REVIEW BY MTA, DPW, PLANNING

APPLICANT NOTIFIES DPW72 HOURS BEFORE CONSTRUCTION

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT WITH PLANNING BEGINS

APPLICANT SUBMITS CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTATION

{ displayed for 10 days }{ 6 month with possible

6 month extension }

APPLICANT SUBMITSPARKLET PROPOSAL

PLANNING AND DPW PRE-INSTALL ONSITE INSPECTION

APPLICANT

BEGINS CONSTRUCTIONPLANNING AND DPW POST-

CONSTRUCTION ONSITE INSPECTION

PLANNING COMMUNICATESREQUIRED REVISIONS

BOARD OF PERMIT APPEALSHOLDS PUBLIC HEARING

OFFICERSUPPORTS

OFFICERAGAINST

NOAPPEAL

Parklet / San Francisco 2013

Politicians that get it

Toomas Hendrik Ilves, President of Estonia

“You have to stop thinking in terms of 19th century bureaucratic rules, where everything is on paper. That ends up meaning redesigning government and

how you interact with people.” —

Toomas Hendrik Ilves

Building high quality public services

Case 6GOV.UK

“ If you can book a flight online with a few clicks

and cut through all the associated regulations…

then anything is possible [online].”

Martha Lane Fox

113

“Legible Practices”, Sitra 2013

GOV.UK project / UK government 2012-

Planning applications, London 2014

Planning applications, London 2014

Planning applications, London 2014

Planning applications, London 2014

Planning applications, London 2014

Planning applications, London 2014

Planning applications, London 2014

Could do better

?Last one, honest

How do we ensure that technologies are well-considered, in order to create a new civic space, a sense of the city as

public good?

Shared space, Hans Monderman, ‘60s—

Start with the street. Design to ask questions. Prototype and iterate.

Design for participation.

Start with the street. Design to ask questions. Prototype and iterate.

Design for participation. Redesign the way we make decisions.

It’s time to do smart cities

properly.

Thank you !!!!!

Dan Hill Executive Director of Futures

Future Cities Catapult @FutureCitiesCat / futurecities.catapult.org.uk

@cityofsound / cityofsound.com