jan. 2005 h. lee, c. lee, d. park, d. sung, s. jung and c. jung, j. lee doc.: ieee 802....
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Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 1
Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)Project: IEEE P802.15 Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: [Chaotic Pulse Based Communication System Proposal]Date Submitted: [4 January, 2005]Source: [Hyung Soo Lee (1), Cheol Hyo Lee (1), Dong Jo Park (2), Dan Keun Sung (2), Sung Yoon Jung (2), Chang Yong Jung (2), Joon Yong Lee (3)] Company [(1) Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) (2) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technologies (KAIST) (3) Handong Global University (HGU)]Address [(1) 161 Gajeong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (2) 373-1 Guseong-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea (3) Heunghae-eup, Buk-gu, Pohang, Republic of Korea]Voice:[(1) +82 42 860 5625, (2) +82 42 869 5438, (3) +82 54 260 1931], FAX: [(2) +82 42 869 8038]E-Mail: [(1) hsulee@etri.re.kr, (2) syjung@kaist.ac.kr, (3) joonlee@handong.edu]Abstract: [The Chaotic Communication System is proposed for the alternative PHY for 802.15.4a] Purpose: [This submission is in response to the committee’s request to submit the proposal enabled by an alternate 802.15 TG4a PHY]Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P802.15. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and may be made publicly available by P802.15.
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 2
CFP Presentation for IEEE 802.15.4aAlternative PHY
Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI)Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technologies (KAIST)
Handong Global University (HGU)Republic of Korea
Chaotic Pulse Based Communication System Proposal
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 3
Contents
• Band Plan• Chaotic Pulse• PHY Layer Proposal• System Performance• Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOPs)• Link Budget & Sensitivity• Ranging
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 4
Band Plan• Bandwidth : Two bands
- Low band (3.1 to 4.9 GHz) : Mandatory band- High band (5.825 to 10.6 GHz) : for future use
Low band
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
High band
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 5
Chaotic Pulse• Large base signal [base=2*bandwidth*duration]• Flexible bandwidth and signal duration• Low cost implementation
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 6
Modulation Scheme• Multi-coded Pulse Position Modulation (MC-
PPM)• It is power efficient scheme• It has inherent coding gain due to orthogonal multi-
codes• It can support wide pulse spacing in same data rate
condition• Less multipath interference between pulses• Good for non-coherent energy detection
• No dynamic threshold problem• Disadvantage in On-Off Keying (OOK) based on non-coherent
energy detection
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 7
Multi-Coded PPM (MC-PPM)• Operation example (L=3, Ns=4)
* Ref : 15-04-0485-04-004a-multi-coded-bi-orthogonal-ppm-mc-bppm-based-impulse-radio-technology
Modulation
MC-PPM Signal :
Data block( L bits )Ex. L=3
Orthogonal code set( Code Length : Ns )
Ex. Ns=4
Multi-coded symbol( Code rate : L/Ns )Ex. Code rate = 3/4
1
-1
1
1-1-11
-1-111
-11-11
1-1-11
11-1-1
-11-11
11-31
1 -3 1 1
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 8
1 2 rN
sN
: # of Repetitions
: Orthogonal Code length
sT
cT1L
1 2 sN
12 1L : Position number for MC-PPMmT
rN
gT gT gT
dT
...
...
...
Data Frame Structure• Frame structure of PPDU• 1 data block (L data) interval of PSDU :
Preamble SFD PHR PSDU
s
r
m
c
s
g
d
LNNTTTT
T
: # of bits per data block: Orthogonal code length: # of repetitions: Pulse bin width (duration)
: Total transmit time duration of a data block: Guard time for processing delay
: Multi-coded chip duration: Multi-coded symbol duration
4 1 1 32
( ), , ( 1)d r s g s s c c mT N T T T N T T L T
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 9
• Transmitter
• Receiver
Transceiver Architecture
1 2T
Lb b b b 1 2 s
T
Nd d d d
1 2, , , Lc c cd C b
( )r tData Modulator MC-PPM Channel
Data EncoderOrthogonalMulti-code
Data
PulseGenerator
1 2T
Lb b b b 1 2, , , Lc c c
Tb C d
1 2 s
T
Nd d d d
( )r tData DecoderOrthogonalMulti-code
DataDeModulator MC-PPM
DataEnergyDetector
LocationDetector
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 10
• Flexible data rates can be supported according to several design parameter (Tm, L, Ns, Nr, Tg)
PHY-SAP Data Rates
Tp Tm L Ns Nr TgDataRate
20ns 200ns 1 16 128 0ns 1.190 kbps
20ns 200ns 3 16 1 0ns 228 kbps
20ns 200ns 3 8 1 0ns 457 kbps
20ns 200ns 1 1 1 0ns 2.44 Mbps
20pT ns
200mT ns
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 11
Data Throughput
• Transmission time (ttx) & Data throughput (Rth) • For L=3, Ns=8, Nr=1,Tg=0ns (457kbps)
• ttx = tlong_frame + tACK + tACK_frame + LIFS • = 614.4 u + 25.6 u + 187.7 u + 85.3 u = 913 u• Rth = 32×8 / 913u ≈ 280.3 kbps ( Nominal throughput based on 32 bytes payload )
• For L=3, Ns=16, Nr=1,Tg=0ns (228kbps)• ttx = tlong_frame + tACK + tACK_frame + LIFS • = 1228.8 u + 51.2 u + 375.5 u + 170.7 u = 1826.2 u• Rth = 32×8 / 1826.2 u ≈ 140.2 kbps ( Nominal throughput based on 32 bytes payload )
LIFStACKtlong_frame tACK_frame
∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙ ∙∙∙∙
ttx
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 12
Comments on 1kbps PHY-SAP Data Rate• Burst Transmission Scheme << Example >>
• L=3, Ns=8, Nr=1,Tg=0ns (457kbps)
• L=3, Ns=16, Nr=1,Tg=0ns
(228kbps)
, ,
,
, ,
=
[( 1) ] 6.4
467
d d on d off
d on r s m g
d off d on
T T T
T N L N T T s
T T
, ,
,
, ,
=
[( 1) ] 12.8
233
d d on d off
d on r s m g
d off d on
T T T
T N L N T T s
T T
,d onT ,d offT
dT
,d onT ,d offT
dT
32*8/3Data Blocks
1 Packet Time Duration
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 13
• Energy detection based acquisition • Acquisition should be performed in order to make
synchronization and demodulate data• Procedure
• If the output of energy detector exceeds the threshold level, we think that the signal is acquired.
• Threshold level for acquisition• Determined relative to estimated noise level
Signal Acquisition
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 14
• Non-coherent Synchronization Procedure• Assume Nint square-law integrator• Divide Tm time into total Nint time slots (each time slot contains Tm / Nint time)
Synchronization
2( )sT
sTmT
synct
,1s m s mt nT t nT
,2 /s m s m mt nT t nT T N
, ( 1) /s N m s m mt nT t nT N T N
sT
preamble preamble preamble tx. periodthn
( 1) preamble tx. periodthn
int int2 2: Sync. Resolution Range
m msync s sync
T Tt t t
N N
t_s : sync. starting pointt_sync : exact sync. point
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 15
• Non-coherent Synchronization Procedure• The output value of n-th square-law integrator
• Estimated synchronization point
Synchronization
,
,
1
, int0
2,
( 1, )
( )
( ) : received preamble signal
s k b s
s k b
N
k k nn
t nT T
k n t nT
ED ed k N
ed r t dt
r t
int
int
1,
ˆ ( 1)
arg max ( )
bsync s
kk N
Tt t kN
k ED
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 16
• BER & PER• L=3, Ns=8,Nr=1 (457kbps PHY-SAP data rate)
MC-PPM Performance : AWGN
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 17
• BER & PER• L=3, Ns=8,Nr=1
MC-PPM Performance : 4a Channel Models
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 18
• System Parameters• Chaotic Pulse [BW=1.8GHz(3.1G-4.9GHz), Tp=20ns]• Preamble Length
• 4 bytes (32 preamble symbols) • Tm=200ns, Ts=100ns (5 chaotic pulses of duration 20ns)• Preamble Time Duration = 32 symbols*200ns=6.4us
• Num. of Integrator (Nint) = 10• Assume that only 5 Integrator are implemented in HW• Actual Preamble Length = 32 Symbols/(Nint/5)=16 Symbols
• Sync. Resolution Range = [-10ns, 10ns]• Threshold level for acquisition
• Determined relative to the estimated noise level
Acquisition & Synchronization Parameters
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 19
• Comments• Acquisition performance is dependent on threshold level
Acquisition Performance : AWGN
Env.Dist.
Miss Detection Probability(%)
10m ≈0%
30m 0.1%
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 20
• Comments• Signal acquisition is assumed • Performance depends on Sync. Resolution Range
Synchronization Performance
Env.Dist.
AWGNIndustrial
NLOS(CM8)
Residential LOS
(CM1)
Outdoor LOS(CM5)
10m 99% 74% 74% 74%
30m 99% 72% 73% 73%
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 21
• Time Division• Operating bandwidth
• 3.1-4.9 GHz can be fully used (Chaotic pulse)• Configuration of SOPs
• Self configuration of SOPs is possible
SOPs
Piconet #1
Active Inactive
Piconet #2
Piconet #3
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 22
Self Configuration of SOP
• Passive Scan• Repeat scaning one channel
(3.1-4.9 GHz)• Usage
• Starting a new piconet (FFD)• Association (FFD or RFD)
Device MAC
Coordinator MAC
Device higher layer
MLME-SCAN.request
MLME-SCAN.confirm
ScanDuration
Beacon
Coordinator MAC
Beacon
ScanDuration
Beacon
Beacon
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 23
Link Budget & SensitivityParameter (mandatory)
Value at d=30m(mandatory)
Value at d=10mpeak payload bit rate (457kb/s) [ L=3,Ns=8,Nr=1] (457kb/s) [ L=3,Ns=8,Nr=1]
Average Tx power -8.75 (dBm) -8.75 (dBm)
Tx antenna gain 0 (dBi) 0 (dBi)
geometric center frequency of waveform 3.90 (GHz) 3.90 (GHz)
Path loss at 1 meter 44.5dB 44.5dB
Path loss at d m 29.54 dB at d =30m 20 dB at d =10m
Rx antenna gain 0 (dBi) 0 (dBi)
Rx power -82.55 (dBm) -73.01 (dBm)
Average noise power per bit -117.4 (dBm) -117.4 (dBm)
Rx Noise Figure 7 (dB) 7 (dB)
Average noise power per bit -110.4(dBm) -110.4(dBm)
Minimum Eb/N0 (S) [Ep/N0] 20 (dB) 20 (dB)
Implementation Loss (I) 5 (dB) 5 (dB)
Link Margin 2.85(dB) 12.39(dB)
Proposed Min. Rx Sensitivity Level -85.4(dBm) -85.4(dBm)
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 24
Ranging Scheme
• TOA/TWR (Two Way Ranging)– Measurement of Tround_trip
Packet 1Node 1
Node 2t1
t0
t2
t3
Tprocessing time
Tpropagation2
Packet 2
Packet 1 Packet 2Tpropagation1
Tround trip
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 25
Ranging Algorithm• Procedure (Algorithm)
• Search for the 1st level-crossing point at the threshold level in negative direction from the initial lock point
• References:• Joon-Yong Lee and Robert A. Scholtz, "Ranging in a dense multipath environment using an UWB radio
link" , IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol.20, no.9, pp.1677 - 1683, Dec. 2002• Robert A. Scholtz and Joon-Yong Lee, "Problems in modeling UWB channels", 36'th Asilomar
Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers, Nov. 2002
search for the 1st level-crossing point
length of search region
Potential lock point (peak)
threshold levelsignal leading edge
time (ns)
enve
lope
det
ecto
r out
put
Jan. 2005
H. Lee, C. Lee, D. Park, D. Sung, S. Jung and C. Jung, J. Lee
doc.: IEEE 802. 15-05-0010-03-004a
Submission
Slide 26
Ranging Performance• Performance
• 802.15.4a channel (cm4)• Single user• No narrowband interference• Pulse width = 20ns• Integration time = 2ns• Pulse repetition period =
200ns• Length of search region = 40ns• Threshold level was
determined relative to noise floor
• A separate envelope detector for range estimation was employed
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