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The Early Modern The Early Modern Period 1450-1750Period 1450-1750

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The The ExplorersExplorersThe The PortuguesePortuguese

French and French and English English ExplorersExplorers

The Spanish The Spanish ExplorersExplorers

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PeoplePeople

VocabularVocabularyy

What was mercantilism?What was mercantilism?

This was the economic system that believed that a nation’s real wealth

was in it’s gold and silver, and a nation must export more than it

imports.

What was the World What was the World Economy?Economy?

This was created by Europeans during the late 16th century; based on control of the seas; established

an international exchange of foods, diseases, and manufactured

products. 

Who were the Portuguese?Who were the Portuguese?

These were the first Europeans to explore and trade with Africa.

Who was Ferdinand Who was Ferdinand Magellan? Magellan?

He was the Portuguese captain who sailed for the Spanish and began the first circumnavigation of the globe

in 1519. He died during voyage, but allowed Spain to claim possession

of the Philippines.

What was the Caravel?What was the Caravel?

This was a sailing vessel designed to carry larger loads and used the triangular sails of

the Arabs combined with square rigging.

Who was Vasco da Gama?Who was Vasco da Gama?

He was the first Portuguese Sea Captain to reach the coast of India

by sailing around Africa.

Who was Bartholomeu Who was Bartholomeu Dias?Dias?

He the first European sailor to round the Cape of Good Hope for

the Portuguese.

Who was Christopher Who was Christopher Columbus?Columbus?

He was the Genoese Captain who sailed for Spain and triggered a

global exchange in this era with his discoveries.

Who was Prince Henry the Who was Prince Henry the Navigator?Navigator?

He was the Portuguese noble who established a school for navigators

in the early 15th century.

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Who was Vasco de Nunez Who was Vasco de Nunez Balboa?Balboa?

He was the first Spanish explorer to reach the Pacific Ocean by crossing

the Isthmus of Panama.   ..

What was Spain?What was Spain?

This was the European country that took over the Philippines.

What were Boers?What were Boers?

The is the name given to Dutch farmers in South Africa.

Who was Samuel de Who was Samuel de Champlain?Champlain?

He was the explorer who founded the first French

settlement in Quebec in 1608.

Who was Hernan Cortes?Who was Hernan Cortes?

He was the Spaniard who

defeated the Aztecs of Mexico.

What was death due to What was death due to diseasesdiseases

i.e., small pox, measles, i.e., small pox, measles, mumps?mumps?

This was the most dramatic effect of Europeans on natives in the

Americas.

What were corn, potatoes, What were corn, potatoes, pumpkin, pumpkin,

yams, tobacco, chocolate, yams, tobacco, chocolate, etc.?etc.?These were Native American

products that Europeans adopted and became staples on the

Continent.

What was French and Indian What was French and Indian War or the Seven Year’s War or the Seven Year’s

War?War?This was the name of the conflict in

America triggered by rivalry between Britain and France all over

the world...

form of Protestantism in England established by Henry VIII.

What was England or Great What was England or Great Britain?Britain?

This was the country that claimed North America after the Treaty of Paris

in 1763.  

What was the Middle What was the Middle Passage?Passage?

This was the name for the leg of the triangular trade that brought

Africans to America.

Who were Ferdinand and Who were Ferdinand and Isabella?Isabella?

These two rulers expelled the Muslims and the Jews from Spain in

1492.

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What was the Battle of What was the Battle of Lepanto?Lepanto?

This was the huge sea battle that was fought by the Spanish for

control of the Mediterranean Sea in 1571.

What was the Columbian What was the Columbian Exchange ?Exchange ?

This was the interaction between Europe and the Americas which caused the deaths of millions of

native Americans and new crops spread around the world.

What was The Dutch East What was The Dutch East IndiaIndia

Company?Company?This company was formed by a wealthy group of merchants from

the Netherlands in 1602, and wielded an unusual amount of

governmental power.

What were Dependent What were Dependent economic zones?economic zones?

These were regions within the world economy that produced

raw materials and were dependent upon European

markets and shipping.

What was Calcutta?What was Calcutta?This is where the British East India Company headquarters was located in Bengal. It was captured in 1756 during the Sepoy Rebellion and later

became the administrative center for populous Bengal.

What were the Atlantic What were the Atlantic colonies or Thirteen colonies or Thirteen

colonies ?colonies ?These were the British These were the British

colonies in North America colonies in North America along Atlantic coast from along Atlantic coast from New England to Georgia.New England to Georgia.

Who was Francisco Who was Francisco Pizarro?Pizarro?He was the Spanish He was the Spanish

explorer who arrived in the explorer who arrived in the Americas in 1502 and Americas in 1502 and

joined Balboa in Panama, joined Balboa in Panama, and then successfully and then successfully

attacked the Inca Empire.attacked the Inca Empire.

Who were Mestizos?Who were Mestizos?

These were people of mixed These were people of mixed European and Native European and Native

American heritage in the American heritage in the Americas. Americas.

What was New France ?What was New France ?These were the French These were the French colonies in Canada and colonies in Canada and extended along the St. extended along the St.

Lawrence River and Great Lawrence River and Great Lakes and down the Lakes and down the

Mississippi River valley Mississippi River valley system. system.

What was the Cape Colony?What was the Cape Colony?This was the Dutch colony This was the Dutch colony established at the Cape of established at the Cape of

Good Hope in 1652 to Good Hope in 1652 to provide a coastal station for provide a coastal station for Dutch ships traveling to and Dutch ships traveling to and from Asia the Dutch settlers from Asia the Dutch settlers expanded and fought with expanded and fought with Bantus and other Africans.Bantus and other Africans.