journal entry n what does it take to be a successful business man? what qualities/traits are needed...
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Journal EntryJournal Entry
What does it take to be a What does it take to be a successful business man? What successful business man? What qualities/traits are needed and qualities/traits are needed and why? Can you be a nice person why? Can you be a nice person and a rich person…and a rich person…
Urbanization and ImmigrationUrbanization and ImmigrationHow did the US switch from How did the US switch from
farming to industry?farming to industry?
Goal 5Goal 5US HistoryUS History
US Switch from US Switch from Agriculture to IndustryAgriculture to Industry
Post Civil War – US becomes Post Civil War – US becomes leader in _____leader in _____ Why?Why?
1.1. Lots of Natural Resources – such Lots of Natural Resources – such as…as…
2.2. Govt support for ______Govt support for ______
3.3. Growing ______ PopulationGrowing ______ Population
– We need what type of people?We need what type of people?
Let’s start with the Let’s start with the resourcesresources
Black Gold – originally just used for Black Gold – originally just used for kerosene – what about the oil?kerosene – what about the oil?– Edwin DrakeEdwin Drake – First to _____ for oil – First to _____ for oil
Steel – combination of Iron and Steel – combination of Iron and alloysalloys– Henry BessemerHenry Bessemer – developed – developed
process called _____ cheaply turned process called _____ cheaply turned iron into steel – how?iron into steel – how?
Impacts of the Bessemer Process:Impacts of the Bessemer Process:
- railroad improvements – creation of - railroad improvements – creation of __________________
- skyscrapers- skyscrapers
- _________ bridges – why?- _________ bridges – why?
Brooklyn Bridge 1883Brooklyn Bridge 1883
More Inventions…More Inventions…
Thomas EdisonThomas Edison – invented the – invented the ____________– How did that change things?How did that change things?
Christopher ScholesChristopher Scholes – invented the – invented the __________– How did that change things?How did that change things?
Alexander Graham BellAlexander Graham Bell – invented – invented the ____the ____– How did that change things?How did that change things?
George WestinghouseGeorge Westinghouse
Invented the _______ Invented the _______ for the RR, 1869for the RR, 1869
Transformed the RR Transformed the RR for more safe, for more safe, dependable traveldependable travel
Robber Barons or Philanthropist?
• Andrew Carnegie• Scottish immigrant• Works for ____ and
gets paid with _____• Owns Carnegie Steel
– Largest steel company in the world
• What did he do with his $$
• 80-90% Given Away
Robber Barons or Philanthropist?
• John Rockefeller• Owner of Standard
Oil• Controlled 90% of Oil
industry• How did he do
business?• What did he do with
his money?• Gave ____ away
How were they able to do it??
• Vertical and Horizontal Integration• Example…
• Govt. had policy of ______• Believed in the idea of _________• Allowed Trusts, mergers, _______
• Were they all that bad? • Gospel of Wealth
• Rich people should ______
How do we Respond??How do we Respond??
1890 Sherman Anti-Trust Act1890 Sherman Anti-Trust Act What is a Trust…What is a Trust… Difficult to enforce why?Difficult to enforce why?
Remember the RailroadsRemember the Railroads Charging high amounts…Charging high amounts… Promontory Point – what happened?Promontory Point – what happened? New Cities – Chicago, MinneapolisNew Cities – Chicago, Minneapolis Credit Mobilier – what did they do?Credit Mobilier – what did they do?
2 Job Offers…2 Job Offers…
George Pullman George Pullman - built ____ cars- built ____ cars What was special about his town?What was special about his town? Rules, rules, and more rules—why?Rules, rules, and more rules—why? Lead to many _______Lead to many _______
Fight the Power cont…Fight the Power cont…
The Grange takes legal actionThe Grange takes legal action Govt made Granger LawsGovt made Granger Laws
Set ___ pricesSet ___ prices RR’s sued in Munn v. IllinoisRR’s sued in Munn v. Illinois
What was determined by local court?What was determined by local court? Then the SC said could not regulate ______ Then the SC said could not regulate ______
traveltravel ______ passes Interstate Commerce Act – ______ passes Interstate Commerce Act –
why?why? SC then rules it can’t set ____ rates…SC then rules it can’t set ____ rates…
Life’s not just bad for Farmers…Life’s not just bad for Farmers…
Another job offerAnother job offer 12 Hr day – 6 days a week12 Hr day – 6 days a week No ____ or ____No ____ or ____ Very Low PayVery Low Pay Job SafetyJob Safety What type of job is this?What type of job is this?
Working – not just for adultsWorking – not just for adults
Child Labor- 20% of Child Labor- 20% of boys and 5% of girls boys and 5% of girls under 15 had full under 15 had full time jobstime jobs
More Unions . . .More Unions . . .
American Railways Union – Eugene American Railways Union – Eugene Debs (remember him) combined Debs (remember him) combined skilled and ___skilled and ___ Wanted SocialismWanted Socialism
Industrial Workers of the WorldIndustrial Workers of the World IWW – allowed AA’s-why?IWW – allowed AA’s-why?
Strikes as a TacticStrikes as a Tactic
Great Strike of 1877Great Strike of 1877 Railroads – b/c of wagesRailroads – b/c of wages What happens?What happens?
Haymarket AffairHaymarket Affair Police hurt protester-why?Police hurt protester-why? What happens next?What happens next? Strikes become ______Strikes become ______
Mary Harris JonesMary Harris Jones ““Mother Jones” fights for?Mother Jones” fights for?
Women involved too!Women involved too!
Triangle Shirtwaist FactoryTriangle Shirtwaist Factory Workers forced to work in _____Workers forced to work in _____ Fire kills 146 – What happens as a Fire kills 146 – What happens as a
result?result?
Immigration and Immigration and Urbanization Urbanization
• What do you think our immigration What do you think our immigration policy should be??policy should be??
• What will happen to our cities??What will happen to our cities??
• What good/bad can come from this??What good/bad can come from this??
Everybody’s Coming to Everybody’s Coming to AmericaAmerica• Between 1870 – 1920, ____ came Between 1870 – 1920, ____ came
from?from?
• Why did people come to America?Why did people come to America?1.1. FamineFamine
2.2. Land ShortagesLand Shortages
3.3. Avoid _______ persecutionAvoid _______ persecution
– 1851 – 1883, 300,000 from ____1851 – 1883, 300,000 from ____– Expecting Gold but what really happens…Expecting Gold but what really happens…
EEllis and llis and AAngel Islandngel Island
• Journey – 1 Week from EuropeJourney – 1 Week from Europe
- 3 Weeks from Asia- 3 Weeks from Asia
• What were the conditions like?What were the conditions like?
• EEuropeans arrived at uropeans arrived at EEllis Islandllis Island
• AAsians arrived at sians arrived at AAngel Islandngel Island
Melting Pot vs. NativismMelting Pot vs. Nativism
• Many Americans believe that our Many Americans believe that our country has turned into a country has turned into a melting potmelting pot —the blending of different cultures—the blending of different cultures
• Other believe that we are still Other believe that we are still practicing practicing NativismNativism —the favoring of —the favoring of native born Americansnative born Americans
• What does this speech tell us…What does this speech tell us…
Which One Do You Want?Which One Do You Want?
EEllis Islandllis Island
• 98% Were allowed 98% Were allowed inin– Health ExamHealth Exam– Document CheckDocument Check– Working AbilityWorking Ability– Literacy TestLiteracy Test
AAngel Islandngel Island
• 3 Week Process3 Week Process– Health ExamHealth Exam– Job ProofJob Proof– Literacy TestLiteracy Test– Filthy BuildingFilthy Building
Land of Free and Equality – Land of Free and Equality – Right?Right?
• Nativism – grew in the US – why?Nativism – grew in the US – why?– Which races were accepted…Which races were accepted…– Anti-Jewish, Anti-Catholic, Anti-AsianAnti-Jewish, Anti-Catholic, Anti-Asian
• Chinese Exclusion Act – banned entry Chinese Exclusion Act – banned entry for all Chinese (well sort of)for all Chinese (well sort of)
• Gentleman’s Agreement – SF Gentleman’s Agreement – SF segregated schools – Japs upset so segregated schools – Japs upset so they stop ______they stop ______
You’re in You’re in AmericaAmerica now act now act AmericanAmerican
• Americanization Movement – tried to Americanization Movement – tried to teach American ways (assimilation)teach American ways (assimilation)
• Social Gospel Movement – Reformers Social Gospel Movement – Reformers (WWWW) established Settlement (WWWW) established Settlement HomesHomes– Classes in how to be ______Classes in how to be ______– Jane Addams set up ______Jane Addams set up ______
You’re Here Now What??You’re Here Now What??
• Immigrants moved into ____ why? ?Immigrants moved into ____ why? ?– Problems they facedProblems they faced
•Housing Called ________Housing Called ________
•Sanitation…Sanitation…
•Running Water…Running Water…
•Garbage…Garbage…
•Building Codes…Building Codes…
Problems, Problems, Problems, Problems, Problems…Problems…
• All the immigrants crowded into ____All the immigrants crowded into ____– Cities saw an increase in _____Cities saw an increase in _____– Fires increased in cities for several Fires increased in cities for several
reasonsreasons– ______ had the first paid fire department______ had the first paid fire department
Political Machines Political Machines
• Organized groups that controlled a Organized groups that controlled a citycity
• Offered services in exchange for Offered services in exchange for ______________– Examples – 2 different waysExamples – 2 different ways– Organization very similar to _______Organization very similar to _______
•Captains, Ward Boss, Political Boss (who Captains, Ward Boss, Political Boss (who were they)were they)
I’ll scratch your backI’ll scratch your backyou scratch mine!you scratch mine!
• Helped immigrants obtainHelped immigrants obtain– Citizenship – why?Citizenship – why?– Jobs – why?Jobs – why?
• Boss Tweed – Boss of Tammany HallBoss Tweed – Boss of Tammany Hall– Offered Services in NYCOffered Services in NYC– Built a courthouse – said it cost ____ but really Built a courthouse – said it cost ____ but really
cost _____ - what’s that called?cost _____ - what’s that called?– How did he get caught?How did he get caught?– Who did it? Results…Who did it? Results…
Civil Service and PatronageCivil Service and Patronage
• Patronage – same things as _____Patronage – same things as _____– People who liked this called People who liked this called stalwartsstalwarts
• Reformers wanted change to merit Reformers wanted change to merit systemsystem
• Rutherford B Hayes – Elected Rutherford B Hayes – Elected PresidentPresident– Named independents to cabinet – fired Named independents to cabinet – fired
corrupt officials – angered _____corrupt officials – angered _____
More Presidents…More Presidents…
• Garfield runs as a _____Garfield runs as a _____
• VP Chester Arthur was a _____VP Chester Arthur was a _____– Charles Guiteau shoots Garfield – why?Charles Guiteau shoots Garfield – why?
• Arthur as a stalwoopsArthur as a stalwoops– Changes to reformer once presidentChanges to reformer once president– Institutes the Pendleton Civil Service Act-does Institutes the Pendleton Civil Service Act-does
what?what?
The Great Melting Pot?The Great Melting Pot?• 2 ways of thinking—Melting Pot or Nativism2 ways of thinking—Melting Pot or Nativism
• Your assignment:Your assignment:– Part 1—Looking at immigration at the turn of the Part 1—Looking at immigration at the turn of the
century find 2 examples that support the theory of century find 2 examples that support the theory of turning America into a melting pot, and find 2 turning America into a melting pot, and find 2 examples of Nativism being practiced. Use laws or examples of Nativism being practiced. Use laws or movements as supports and explain what they movements as supports and explain what they were/who believedwere/who believed
– Part 2—Write a 1 page essay to defend or refute the Part 2—Write a 1 page essay to defend or refute the theory that America is a melting pot of cultures today. theory that America is a melting pot of cultures today. Think about your everyday life, laws, or movements. Think about your everyday life, laws, or movements.
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