joyet 20041 a language presentation figurative language

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A Language PresentationA Language Presentation

FIGURATIVE

LANGUAGE

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Language TypesLanguage Types

You’re going to review five types of figurative language.

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Figurative vs. LiteralFigurative vs. LiteralTo understand

figurative language

figurative

one has to understand the difference between

and literal

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More on LiteralMore on Literal

My meaning is exactly what I say.

To be literal is to mean what you say. For example:If I tell you to sit down! I mean it literally: “Sit down,” as in: “sit in your seat now, please.”

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and more on Literaland more on Literal

I mean exactly what I say.

Here’s another example.I’m tired and going home.

This means “I’m tired and I’m going home.” There is no other meaning other than what is said.

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22ndnd Figurative Figurative

I’m not suggesting we get into the freezer.

To be figurative is to not mean what you say but imply something else. For example:

If I tell you, “Let’s go chill!”,

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Figurative continuedFigurative continued

It has nothing to do with temperature.

“let’s go chill” …

…means let’s relax together and do something fun.

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Figurative vs. LiteralFigurative vs. Literal

Confused?

Think of it this way:

Literal is real

Figurative is imaginary

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Why Figurative Language? Why Figurative Language?

Also known as descriptive language or poetic language, figurative language helps the writer paint a picture in the reader’s mind.

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Why Figurative Language? Why Figurative Language?

Descriptive language means you describe something.

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Why Figurative Language? Why Figurative Language?

Poetic language is what poets and song writers create.

Figurative language helps paint a picture in the reader’s mind.

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Again: Figurative LanguageAgain: Figurative Language

Figurative Language suggests something other than the literal meaning of the words. It makes language more intersting.

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Five Techniques of Five Techniques of Figurative LanguageFigurative Language

There are five techniques that will review. You will need to learn how to recognize each and determine why the author used it. (Higher-level thinking required!)

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The five techniques you need to know:

onomatopoeia simile

metaphor personification hyperbole

Five Techniques of Five Techniques of Figurative LanguageFigurative Language

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Get ready for the first one!

Five Techniques of Five Techniques of Figurative LanguageFigurative Language

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OnomatopoeiaOnomatopoeia

Examples of the onomatopoeia:Bang, went the gun!

Swoosh went the basketball

through the hoop.

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Onomatopoeia:Onomatopoeia:

The use of words, such as buzz, murmur, or boo, whose sounds imitate and suggest the sounds they represent.

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Onomatopoeia in practiceOnomatopoeia in practice

Onomatopoeia is the use of words whose sounds make you think of their meanings. 

For example; buzz, thump, pop.

Many comic strips use onomatopoeia. 

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OnomatopoeiaOnomatopoeia

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Simile:Simile:

Examples of similes:She is like a rainy day.He is as busy as a bee.They are like two peas in a pod.

A simile is a figurative language technique where a comparison is made using like or as.

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SimileSimileA figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as, as in: “How like the winter hath my absence been” or “So are you to my thoughts as food to life” (Shakespeare).

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Complete your custom simileComplete your custom simile

The cat was as scary as a ____.The night is like a ____.The moon is like a ____The scarecrow was as scary a ____.

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MetaphorMetaphorA poetic comparison that does not use the words like or as.

Examples of metaphors:She is a graceful swan.He is a golden god.They are honey from the honeycomb.

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Brian was a wall, bouncing everytennis ball back over the net.

This metaphor compares Brian to a wall because __________.

a. He was very strong.b. He was very tall.c. He kept returning the balls.d. His body was made of cells.

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We would have had more pizza to eat ifTammy hadn’t been such a hog.

Tammy was being compared to a hog because she __________.

a. looked like a hog b. ate like a hogc. smelled like a hogd. was as smart as a hog

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Cindy was such a mule. We couldn’tget her to change her mind.

The metaphor compares Cindy to a mule because she was __________.

a. always eating oatsb. able to do hard workc. raised on a farmd. very stubborn

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The poor rat didn’t have a chance. Our old cat, a bolt of lightning, caught his prey.The cat was compared to a bolt of lightning because he was _______.

a. very fast b. very brightc. not fond of fleas d. very old

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Even a child could carry my dog,Dogface, around for hours. He’ssuch a feather.

This metaphor implies that Dogface:a. is not cute b. looks like a birdc. is not heavy d. can fly

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PersonificationPersonification

Personification is a figurative language technique in which human characteristics are given to nonhuman things.

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PersonificationPersonification

The leaves danced in the wind

Example of personification:

The heat ripped the breath from her lungs.

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PersonificationPersonification

Examples of Personification:

Hunger sat shivering on the road

Flowers danced about the lawn.

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PersonificationPersonificationExamples:The sleeping water reflected the

evening sky. Humidity breathed in the girl's

face and ran its greasy fingers through her hair.

The tree arrested the oncoming car.

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HyperboleHyperbole

• Is when one exaggerates.

• We use hyperbole all the time when we want to impress or stress.

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HyperboleHyperbole

“He never speaks to her.”

Never? That is a very long time.

Hyperbole means to exaggerates.

Take for example:

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HyperboleHyperbole

• We have a ton of work.

A ton is a lot of work. A ton is

also a thousand pounds.

Hyperbole example:

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HyperboleHyperbole

• I ate a thousand pounds of pasta.

A thousand pounds is also known

as a ton, this person must be

really obese.

Hyperbole example:

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HyperboleHyperbole

• I told you a million times.

I don’t mind repeating myself, but

a million times? That’s a lot.

Hyperbole example:

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We’ve looked atWe’ve looked at

Literal vs. Figurative

Remember:

Real vs. Imaginary

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We’ve looked atWe’ve looked at

Five Figurative Language. techniques:

onomatopoeia

simile

metaphor personification hyperbole

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State Content Standards for State Content Standards for 99thth and 10 and 10thth

Narrative Analysis of Grade-Level-Appropriate Text

3.7 Recognize and understand the significance of various literary devices, including figurative language, imagery, allegory, and symbolism, and explain their appeal.

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