kuliah 1 pendahuluan, batuan sedimen

Batuan Sedimen / Endapan

Siklus Batuan

Kelimpahan dan sebaran batuan

Relative Percentages of Sedimentary Rocks

Pengertian Batuan Sedimen Sedimentary rocks are formed by the depositing of sediments

such as gravel, sand, mud or clay, organic material, or chemical precipitation of such as salt, also biological deposition, followed by compaction and chemical cementing of the grains into rock. This latter process is called lithification.

Agent of Transport Water Wind Ice

Types of Sedimentary Rocks Clastic Sedimentary Rocks Non Clastic Sedimentary Rocks (chemical and biological) Carbonate Sedimentary Rocks

Depositional Environments (lingkungan pengendapan)

Marine Shallow marine Deep marine Reef

Shoreline Beach Barrier Island Lagoon Delta Tidal Flat

Continental Alluvial Fan Glacial Lacustrine Fluvial Eolian Lake

Batuan Sedimen Klastik

Batuan Sedimen Klastik

Batuan Sedimen Klastik (2)

Major Clasts Specific Clasts Sizes

Boulder > 256 mm

Gravel Cobble 256 - 64mm

Pebble 64 - 4 mm

Granule 4 - 2 mm

Sand 2 - 1/16 mm

Mud Silt 1/16 - 1/256mm

Clay < 1/256mm

Wentworth's Clastic Scale

Klasifikasi Batuan Sedimen Klastik (3)

Batuan sedimen di lapangan

Contoh Batuan Sedimen Klastik

Contoh Batuan Sedimen dalam mikroskop polarisasi

Batuan Sedimen Non-Klastik

Chemical Sedimentary Rocks Chert Rock Salt Rock Gypsum

Organic Sedimentary Rocks (Coal) Peat Lignite Bituminous Coal (Anthracite Coal)

Coal

Flint

Chert

Batubara

Batubara

Batulempung

Batupasir

Carbonate Sedimentary Rocks Limestone Ca (CO3)

Biogenic Limestones Fossiliferous Limestone Coquina Chalk

Chemical Oolitic Limestone Micrite (Lithographic Limestone)

Dolostones Mg,Ca (CO3)2 primary diagenetic Secondary diagenetic

Carbonate Sedimentary Rocks

Carbonat rock

Batugamping

Batunapal

Batugamping