lab review lab safety exercises 1-7. lab safety z name and explain the 9 rules of laboratory set-up....
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Lab Review
Lab SafetyExercises 1-7
Lab Safety
Name and Explain the 9 rules of Laboratory Set-up.
Name and Explain the 6 rules of Laboratory Clean-up
Exercise 1: The Microscope What was the purpose of the exercise? Explain how each part of the microscope works.
Light source Condenser Knob Iris diaphragm Stage Slide clip Stage adjustment knobs (lower, upper) Objectives Revolving nose piece Body tube Ocular Base Diaphragm lever
Exercise 1 cont.
How do you focus the microscope? 1. 2. 3. 4. Then, 5. 6. & up
Exercise 1 cont.
Important calculations Total magnification
DefinitionFormulaCalculate the Total
magnification for:• Ocular power 55• Ocular power 26• Ocular power 101
Exercise 1 cont.
Cont. Important Calculations Resolving Power
DefinitionFormulaCalculate Resolving Power:
• Numerical Aperture 0.28• Numerical Aperture 0.0051• Numerical Aperture 32.6
Exercise 1 cont.
Define the following terms Field of view Parfocal Resolving Power binocular Condenser Brightfield Iris diaphragm
Exercise 2: Observation of Microorganisms
What is the purpose of the exercise?
Define microorganisms Name the two divisions
of microorganisms Describe the
characteristics of an Eukaryote
Describe the characteristics of a Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
Eukaryotes
Protozoans Algae
Class Sarcodina
Class Mastigophora
Class Ciliophora
Class Chlorophyta
Class Bacillariophyta
Class Euglenophyco
phyta
Exercise 2 cont.
What are the characteristics of the protozoans?
What are the characteristics of the Class Sarcodina?
Give an example of a member of the Class Sarcodina (hint: see picture)
Describe the characteristics of the Class Mastigophora
Give an example (hint: see picture) Characteristics of this
microorganism How do you contract
this microorganisms? What are the
symptoms?
Exercise 2 cont.
Give another example of the Class Mastigophora (Hint: see picture)
Characteristics of this microorganism
Exercise 2 cont.
Describe the characteristics of the class Ciliophora
Give an example (hint: see picture)
Exercise 2 cont.
Describe the characteristics of the Algae
Describe the characteristics of the Class Chlorophyta Give an example
(hint: see picture)
Exercise 2 cont.
Describe the characteristics of the Class Bacillariophyta
Give an example (hint: see picture)
Exercise 2 cont.
Describe the characteristics of the Class Euglenophycophyta
Give an example (hint: see picture)
Exercise 2 cont.
Exercise 2 cont.
Prokaryotes
Eubacteria
Cyanobacteria
Describe Characteristics of Eubacterias
Describe charcteristics of Cyanobacterium
Give an example (hint: see picture) Give some characteristics
of this microorganism
Exercise 2 cont.
Give another example of Cyanobacterium (hint: see picture) Give some
characteristics of this microorganism
Exercise 2 cont.
The picture shows the typical arrangement of Staphylococcus aureus.
List the characteristics shown
Exercise 2 cont.
The picture shows typical characteristics of Streptococcus spp.
List the characteristics shown
Exercise 2 cont.
The picture describe the typical characteristics of Micrococcus luteus.
List the characteristics shown
Exercise 2 cont.
The picture shows the typical characteristics of Listeria spp.
List the characteristics shown
Exercise 2 cont.
The picture show the characteristics of Neiseria gonorrheae.
List the characteristics shown
Exercise 2 cont.
The picture shows the typical characteristics of Acinetobacter spp.
List the characteristics shown
Exercise 2 cont.
The picture shows the typical characteristics of E coli
List the characteristics shown
Exercise 2 cont.
The picture shows the typical characteristics of Haemophillus influenzae
List the characteristics shown
Exercise 2 cont.
The picture shows the typical charcteristics of Vibrio cholerae
List the characteristics shown
Exercise 2 cont.
Thin Needle shape of FusiobacteriumWhat characteristics are shown in the
picture?
Exercise 2 cont.
The picture shows the typical shape of Leptospira spp.
What is it?
Exercise 2 cont.
Exercise 3: Preparing Bacterial Media
Describe the purpose of this exercise
What is a fastidious heterotrophs?
What are the ingredients of the Trypticase Soy agar?
Exercise 3 cont.
What is agar?What are the
characteristics of the agar?
What is a buffer?What is the
importance of the buffer?
Exercise 3 cont.
Calculate the amount of agar needed If you wish to make 800 ml of agar and the
directions on the bottle call for 30 gr/L
If you wish to make 45 ml of agar and the directions on the bottle call for 25.3 gr/L
If you wish to make 2L of agar and the directions on the bottle call for 33 gr/L
Exercise 4: Ubiquity of Microorganisms
Give the purpose of this exercise
What is the purpose of swabing an area of the Petri dish with sterile water only? What does it mean if there is growth in this area?
Why we did not swab an area of the agar plate? What does it mean if there is growth in this area?
Exercise 4 cont.
Why are plates incubated in the inverted position?
Why do we incubated plates at 37C?
Exercise 5: Morphological Study and Simple Stain
Describe the purpose of this exercise
Define the term colony and give some characteristics of a colony
Why we use dyes or stains?
Exercise 5 cont.
Explain what is a Cationic Dye and give some examples
Explain what is an Anionic Dye and give an example
Give the procedure for preparing a smear for staining
Exercise 6: Gram Stain
What is the purpose of the exercise?
Define differential stain and give an example
Explain the procedure for Gram stain
Compare Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria
Exercise 6 cont.
Explain the theory behind gram staining
Which stain is the primary stain in the Gram stain?
Which stain is the secondary stain in the Gram stain?
What is the purpose of the iodine in the Gram stain?
What is the purpose of the alcohol in the Gram stain?
Exercise 7: Aseptic Technique
Describe the purpose of the exercise.
Define the following terms: pure culture medium sterile medium inoculum aseptic technique
Exercise 7 cont.
Describe the procedure for aseptic removal of microorganisms
Describe the aseptic transfer of microorganisms
Describe the procedure for inoculation of an agar stab
Describe the procedure for inoculation of an agar slant
Describe the procedure for inoculation of an agar plate
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