labcourse arcmap tutorial
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Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Dr. rer. nat. Steffen Knospe
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying Department of Mine Surveying und Geoinformation
Clausthal University of Technology
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 2 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
A short introduction to ArcMap
ArcGIS ArcMap - ArcToolbox Select Feature To Polygon Calculate Areas Add Field/Delete Field Calculate Field
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 3 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Start ArcMap
You could open this program from the Start-List
Or direct from a *.mxd file
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 4 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Zoom Out Zoom In
Fixed Zoom Out Fixed Zoom In
Full Extent
Select Elements
Tools
Identity
Measure
view menu
View Toolbars Tools
Pan
zoom, pan, identify, measure, select
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 5 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Layer
activate the box to make the layer visible
view menu
Window Table Of Contents
build up a new group layer and group layers there (drag & drop).
add data
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 6 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
How do I change the colour and the symbol of a feature?
double click
or right mouse click on Quartzite
Properties
Symbology
(the transparency can be defined withinDisplay)
Layer
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 7 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Layer ->Properties
Name in Legend
transparency Appearance in the map
Label with thematic information
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 8 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Vectorlayer -> Properties -> Symbology
Single symbol Symbols for single values
Graduated symbols
Numbre of classes
Change classification
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 9 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Rasterlayer -> Properties -> Symbology
single values classes
color space
Manually insert, change, delete
colors
Type of classification
In option unique values, with optional background color
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 10 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
open an attribute table
Attribute Table
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 11 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
example in the data set roads there are different types of roads. In the attribute
table there is the attribute STRASSEN_I where this information is stored (2 = street, 3 = main road, 4 = Highway).
identify
All streets Type 2 only (STRASSEN_I=2)
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 12 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Add Data source in ArcCatalog
Connect to folder
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 13 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
ArcCatalog - Change to destination directory - Right mouse button in the directory-> New ->Shapefile
Create new vector data set new Shape
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 14 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Data manipulation
start
stop
Save changes
Snapping options
Change vertices Digitize new feature
Edit Mode Layer selection !!! Attribute table
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 15 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
add a new field
Attribute Table manipulation
the Editor is located on View 'Toolbars' 'Editor'
or left mouse click on 'Editor Toolbar'
(if necessary)
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 16 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Create a new features
choose the right Task and its Target!
Exercise:
Digitize the rivers Saar and Prims from the scanned TK map
first
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 17 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Draw graphics and labels
Draw - menu
Text line properties
tools
formatting
color
marker
Textbox Text along a line
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 18 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
ArcToolbox
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 19 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
where do I find the ArcToolbox?
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 20 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Feature To Polygon
'Data Management Tools' >> 'Features'
Arc
Tool
box
Principle Creates an output polygon feature class from input line and/or polygon features.
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 21 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Principle Calculates the size for each feature in a polygon feature class.
Calculate Areas
'Spatial Statistics Tools' >> 'Utilities'
Arc
Tool
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 22 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Calculate area for each quartzite body
example
before calculation after calculation
Calculate Areas
Attribute Table:
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 23 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Principle Adds a field to the table of a feature class, feature layer and/or raster catalog. Deletes one or more fields from a table of a feature class, feature layer and/or raster catalog.
Add Field/Delete Field
Data Management Tools >> Fields
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 24 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
To add a new field named 'Geology' in an attribute table.
example
before the field is added after the field is added
Add Field/Delete Field
Attribute Table:
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 25 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Principle Calculates the values of a field for a feature class, feature layer and/or raster catalog. The input table will be modified, so make a copy if you want to preserve your original information.
Calculate Field
'Data Management Tools' >> 'Fields'
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 26 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
To write this keyword 'Quartzite' in the field 'Geology'.
example
before calculation
after calculation
Calculate Field
Attribute Table:
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 27 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Selection tools
Select by attribute
Select by location
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 28 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Select
'Analysis Tools' >> 'Extract'
Principle
Extracts features from an input feature class or input feature layer and stores them in a new output feature class. The output feature class may be created with a subset of features based on a Structured Query Language (SQL) expression.
Arc
Tool
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 29 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
example The roads are divided in three types: small road, federal road and
highway, which have diverse influences on an open pit mining. According to the coefficient 'STRASSEN_I (road identity)' we can select all features of a certain type ('2' = small road, '3' = federal road, '4' = highway).
New layer from selection
all roads only the small ones ('STRASSEN_I'=2)
Arc
Tool
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 30 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Proximity operations
and neighborhood functions operate on surrounding area of the feature-location, allowing to investigate buffer zones around features and spreading effects if features are a source of something.
Buffer
Arc
Tool
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 31 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Buffer is a zone outside (around) a map feature measured in units of distance, it is used to define spatial proximity. polygon line point polygon buffer setback/ skeleton
Examples: Environmental impact analysis requiring delineation of a buffer zone around an oil refinery or a drilling site Property search to find all parcels within a specified distance of a planned pipeline
Buffer
Arc
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 32 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Buffers are created separately for each feature as region buffers or globally for all features as a single (multi-) polygon buffer buffer setback/ skeleton buffer region polygon buffer
And in different shapes (with respect to a certain metric)
Buffer
Arc
Tool
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 33 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
example
Near a city the establishment of an open pit mine is hardly impossible. We could create a polygon with a defined radius so as to consider this as a rule.
Buffer
city location buffer around the city with a radius of 500m
Arc
Tool
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 34 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Analysis Tools >> Proximity
Principle
Creates buffer polygons to a specified distance around the Input Features. An optional dissovle can be performed to remove overlapping buffers.
Buffer
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 35 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Buffer in ArcGIS
Buffer
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 36 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Analysis Tools/ Data Management Tools/ General/ Merge
Merge
Principle
Combines input features from multiple input sources (same type) into a new, single output feature class.
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 37 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Editor Tools/ Merge
Merge
Principle
Combines within a feature class selected features into a single output feature: - geometrical extension is the union area - definition for contradictory attributes. Ar
cToo
lbox
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 39 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
The standard overlay operator for polygons is the polygon intersection operator. The result of this operator is either a or a of all possible polygon intersections; the attribute table result is a join of the input attribute tables
polygon intersection is also called spatial join.
Polygon overlay functions
polygon union set
polygon identity set
polygon intersection set
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 40 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Example for a polygon intersection operator.
Polygon overlay functions
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 41 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
The second operator is the polygon clipping operator. restricts the spatial extent to the generalized outer boundary from all polygons
in a second input layer (polygon subset) (no other polygon boundaries from the second layer is used). Third is polygon overwrite. the second layer polygons take priority it creates a polygon union set. (special ArcGIS-type: Erase second layer polygons are empty data sets)
Polygon overlay functions
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 42 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Analysis Tools/ Overlay/ UNION
Union
Principle
Combines input features from multiple input sources (same type) into a new, single output feature class.
Computes a geometric overlay cutting all features with all feature boundaries. All separate parts become features and are written to the Output Feature Class with the attributes from all the Input Features, which it overlaps.
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 43 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
example Union of buffered areas: existing ground water protection area" and planned ground water protection area (water_protection_area.shp, water_protection_area_planned.shp)
Union
+ =
planned ground water protection areas
existing ground water protection areas
result after Union
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 44 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Principle Computes a geometric intersection of all input features in all input feature classes. Only features from the intersection set (all that overlap) are written to the output feature class.
Intersect
Analysis Tools/ Overlay/ INTERSECT
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 47 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
Principle Creates a feature class by overlaying the Input Features with the polygons of the Erase Features. Only those portions of the Input Feature falling outside the Erase Features outside boundaries are copied to the Output Feature Class.
Erase
Arc
Tool
box
Analysis Tools/ Overlay/ ERASE
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 48 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
To remove consideration areas from the Quartzite areas .
Erase
example
- =
quarzite areas consideration areas result
Arc
Tool
box
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Dr. Steffen Knospe, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying 49 Lab-course Basic Geo-Information System
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering and Mine Surveying
To separate quartzite areas from each other after Erase.
example
before separation: one polygon selected
after separation: the same polygon selected
Multipart to Singlepart
Arc
Tool
box
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