landsat status summary...u.s. department of the interior u.s. geological survey landsat science team...
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U.S. Department of the Interior
U.S. Geological Survey
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Landsat Status Summary
10 January 2017
Brian Sauer
USGS EROS
bsauer@usgs.gov
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Agenda
Landsat 7 Status
Landsat 8 Status
Archive and LGAC Status
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Landsat Mission Status
Landsat 7 Acquiring at a rate of ~430 scenes per day with continental acquisition
strategy 105% duty cycle operations for ETM+ performing smoothly
On-orbit performance of Landsat 7 observatory continues to be outstanding No spacecraft or instrument anomalies since October 2014
Finalized end of mission planning – intent to overlap with Landsat 9 launch readiness
Extended mission life potential to as late as July 2021
Landsat 7 error free flight operations for over 4 years and counting
Landsat 8 Acquiring at a rate of ~740 scenes per day
On-orbit performance of Landsat 8 observatory continues to be outstanding;
No spacecraft or instrument anomalies since September 2015
Mission data management highly effective - on-board recorder averaging 70% margin
TIRS Scene Select Mirror (SSM) Encoder Circuit B-side alternative operations concept performing very well
Currently 5 LGN stations and 16 certified IC stations LGS (USGS), GLC (NOAA), NSN (DLR), ASN (GA), and SGS (KSAT)
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Almost 18 years of on-orbit operations
Landsat 7 Observatory Status – No Change
15 Nov 1999 - SSR PWA #23 failure
26 Apr 2000 - GXA - ETM+ interaction discovered
11 Feb 2001 - SSR PWA #12 failure
14 May 2002 - EPS Circuit #14 failure
31 Jul 2002 - Gyro 3 motor current spikes
24 Oct 2002 - ETM+ Scan Mirror stops during imaging
31 May 2003 - ETM+ SLC malfunction*
04 Sep 2003 - PDF - FSW timing conflict
05 May 2004 - Gyro 3 Shut down
24 Feb 2005 - RCS Primary heater circuit disabled
16 May 2005 - EPS Circuit #6 failure*
15 Jun 2005 - First of several reduced gyro FSW loads
07 Dec 2005 - SSR PWA #2 failure
01 Feb 2006 - Reduced gyro phase IIa complete
01 Apr 2007 - Switched to ETM+ Bumper mode
28 Mar 2008 - SSR PWA #22 failure
13 Aug 2008 - EPS Circuit #14 recovery
03 Sep 2008 - SSR PWA #23 recovery
25 Apr 2013 - RCS Redundant heater circuit disabled
12 Oct 2013 - SSR PWA #11 failure
27 Sep 2014 - RTC A to RTC B autonomous switchover
18 Oct 2014 - CLOCKGEN prime to redundant autonomous switchover
* Represents a permanent loss of redundancy and/or capability
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Landsat 7 Decommissioning Criteria
The primary objective regarding Landsat 7 end of mission planning is to operate Landsat 7 as long as the science mission is viable
Specifically, maximize the 8-day repeat imaging between Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 operations leading up to initiation of Landsat 9 operations
Historic science mission requirement for Mean Local Time (MLT) along the equatorial plane is 10:00 AM plus or minus 15 minutes
Landsat 7 Operational mission will be declared over at the discretion of USGS, and may be triggered by any of the following reasons
1. Insufficient fuel to maintain inclination required for science mission operations The orbital Mean Local Time (MLT) drops below 9:15 AM
Note: Drag Make-Up (DMU) and Risk Mitigation Maneuvers (RMM) activities use minimal amounts of fuel (fractions of a kilogram)
2. Observatory becomes unable, for any reason, to produce useable science data Due to mission ending failures within either the spacecraft or ETM+
3. Key observatory subsystems demonstrate signs of imminent failure which could result in loss of mission Attitude control, propulsion, command & data handling
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Approach
Align with L9: Extend Landsat 7 science mission operations as close to Landsat 9 launch as possible
Determine optimized, safe disposal orbit Assessment indicates 8km drop to disposal orbit of
697km
Fuel reserve allows for perigee burn to maximize orbital drag and decay
Conduct one additional inclination maneuver (Delta-I) in February 2017
9:45 AM MLT May 2020
9:30 AM MLT December 2020
9:15 AM MLT July 2021
Lower 8km following crossing of 9:15 AM MLT Or proximity to Landsat 9 launch
Approximately 4.27kg of fuel margin projected
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Correlation to Restore L (1 of 2)
USGS is working with NASA on technology demonstration
Landsat 7 is principle client for NASA Restore L
The Landsat 7 End-of-Mission Plan was recently developed with
key points that dovetail into Restore-L mission timeline
Restore L servicing altitude is between 685km to 705km
Servicing day TBD pending clarification of launch date
Latest discussion with Restore L project management indicate most likely
launch no earlier than mid-2020
Anticipated that Restore L servicing day window will overlap with planned
Landsat 7 lowering to disposal orbit (October 2020 through July 2021)
Restore L planning to provide Landsat 7 with 110kg of fuel
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Correlation to Restore L (2 of 2)
Refueling Landsat 7 affords USGS the following alternatives: De-orbit Landsat 7 in order to meet or exceed 25 year re-entry policy
Extend science mission operations for enhanced global revisit and comprehensive cross-calibration between Landsat 8 and Landsat 9
Maintain 25 year re-entry
Extend science mission operations in the event Landsat 9 fails to achieve operating capability Maintain 25 year re-entry
2020 2021
Baseline L7 End of
Mission Timeline
L7
Constellation
Exit Move L7 to
Disposal Orbit
Restore-L
Launch
2021 L7
Constellation
ExitMove L7 to
Disposal OrbitLandsat 9
Launch
2020 ~Circa 2111
L7 End-of-Mission
based on MLT
Threshold
Restore-L/L7 Refueling
Mission Timeline Landsat 9 Launch & OIV Post-refuel Landsat 7 Mission
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Landsat 7 Acquisitions
Map to the right shows the scheduled
acquisitions from the past year
Upper half is descending; Lower half
is ascending
White = Scheduled for all possible
acquisitions (23 times)
Black = Wasn’t scheduled
Increased duty cycle has enabled
acquisition of about 430 scenes / day
Data not acquired is lost forever!
– Eugene Fosnight
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Landsat 8 Observatory Status – No Change
Operational Land Imager
Thermal Infrared Sensor
Propulsion Subsystem
Thermal Control System
Electrical Power System
Attitude Control System
RF Communications
Command & Data Handling System
X-band System
S-band System
Batteries
Solid State Recorder – File Delete (ghost file) errors
- Successfully corrected in September 2015
Solar array
~3 years of on-orbit operations
October 2014 - Side-A SSM Encoder
September 2015 – Encoder Side-B current fluctuations
January 2016 – Alternative Operations Concept B-Side
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
TIRS B-Encoder Lunar Cal Comparison
TIRS Encoder B-Side alternate operations concept performing better
than expected
Intend to continue with this operational approach indefinitely
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Wondering what happened?
TIRS Ground Testing Results NASA ground testing of the TIRS encoder
electronics identified a probable cause for the on-orbit current increases observed in both A and B-side TIRS encoder electronics
Two Multilayer Ceramic Chip Capacitors (MLCCs) found to have cracked due to mechanical or thermal stress during hand solder mounting - Sources of stress include but are not limited to:
Thermo-mechanical stresses (soldering)
Intrinsic stresses and/or micro-cracks from manufacturing
Physical handling
Board flexure or warping after mounting
Healing conditions observed on-orbit not duplicated specifically in ground testing
NASA Code 300 is currently working an issue with hand soldering of MLCCs resulting in cracks
Excellent information for Landsat 9 TIRS II No changes to L8 on-orbit operations anticipated as a
result of ground testing
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Landsat 8 Acquisitions
Landsat 8 is tracking close to its 740 scene per
day maximum. Includes special requests and
night imaging
User requests for off-nadir imaging remains
limited
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
U.S. Landsat Archive Overview (1 November 2016) OLI-TIRS: Landsat 8
855,921 scenes
ETM+: Landsat 7
2,218,700 scenes
TM: Landsat 4 & Landsat 5
2,337,132 scenes
MSS: Landsat 1 through 5
1,300,274 scenes
Total:
6,712,027 scenes
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Monthly Downloads
FY09 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17
Scenes Delivered 1.1M 2.5M 2.9M 2.7M 4.3M 6.8M 8.8M 17.4M 3.5M
LandsatLook Delivered 112K 301K 823K 2.7M 4.8M 3.2M 0.5M
Cummulative Delivered 1.1M 3.6M 6.6M 9.7M 14.9M 24.2M 37.9M 58.5M 62.5M
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Monthly Downloads by Type
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Landsat 4-7 TM, ETM+ Collection 1 Downloads
Users primarily accessing pre-collection
Collection Status Discussion Thursday
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Landsat Global Archive Consolidation Status
18
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
4,000,000
4,500,000
Cumulative LGAC Scenes
Cumulative LGAC Status
Previous Science
Team Meeting
Woodcock Metric: 4,069,571 scenes (October 2016)
Previous Metric: 3,745,686 scenes (April 2016)
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
LGAC Status
Argentina – LTOs
TM and ETM+ data delivery continues
Brazil – HDDTs
USGS to investigate setting up Wideband Video Drive to read
tapes
~875 tapes to be sent by Brazil upon sample tape success
Primarily consist of MSS data, with very small number of TM
intervals also included
Country
(Organization)
Ground
Station
% LGAC
Delivered
% LGAC
Ingested
Argentina (CONAE) COA TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Australia (GA-NEO) ASA MSS MSS
TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Australia (GA-NEO) HOA TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Brazil (INPE) CUB MSS MSS
TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Canada (CCMEO) GNC MSS MSS
TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Canada (CCMEO) PAC MSS MSS
TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
LGAC Status
Country
(Organization)
Ground
Station
% LGAC
Delivered
% LGAC
Ingested
China (RADI) BJC TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
China (RADI) KHC TM TM
Ecuador (IEE) CPE TM TM
Europe (ESA) FUI MSS MSS
TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Europe (ESA) KIS MSS MSS
TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Europe (ESA) MTI TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Europe (ESA) MPS MSS MSS
TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Europe (ESA) NSG ETM+ ETM+
China – Electronic data delivery
Significantly accelerated electronic data delivery in past 6
months
Ecuador – All data has been received
Addressing several problematic tapes
Europe – NAS HDs
Transferring data with 30 TB hard drive
USGS working with ESA to obtain updated metadata lists and
aid in data reconciliation efforts
USGS upgrading LPGS software by end of 2017 to handle
~500,000 TM scenes with missing PCD (Ron Morfitt will
discuss on Thurs)
MSS data delivery pending
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
LGAC Status
India – Electronic data delivery
MSS data was only available in partially processed Level 1
format
USGS to assess options for data archival and distribution
Newly acquired ETM+ 2016 data delivery pending
Indonesia – All data has been received
DCRSi drive parts needed for remaining tapes
Pakistan – All HDDTs have been received
HDDT reading completed
Delivery of additional TM data on LTOs pending
Russia – All data has been received
Outstanding TM scenes have been received, ingested, and
archived (over 50,000 TM scenes)
Country
(Organization)
Ground
Station
% LGAC
Delivered
% LGAC
Ingested
India (ISRO) SGI MSS MSS
TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Indonesia (LAPAN) DKI TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Japan (HIT/HEEIC) HIJ ETM+ ETM+
Japan (JAXA/RESTEC) HAJ MSS MSS
TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Kyrgyzstan (DLR) BIK TM TM
Mongolia (DLR) ULM TM TM
Pakistan (SUPARCO) ISP MSS MSS
TM TM
Russia (ScanEx) IKR TM TM
Russia (ScanEx) MGR TM TM
Russia (ScanEx) MOR TM TM
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
LGAC Status
Saudi Arabia – All HDDTs and DLTs have been delivered
MSS and TM data
Data from multiple sensors identified on media
Approval has been received for reading the non-Landsat data
South Africa – Electronic data delivery
Delivery of MSS data pending
Thailand – All data has been delivered
HDDT tape baking, cleaning, reading, and ingest currently in
progress
687 of 1,897 tapes (36%) completed
~100 tapes set aside for further analysis
Country
(Organization)
Ground
Station
% LGAC
Delivered
% LGAC
Ingested
Saudi Arabia (KACST) RSA MSS MSS
TM TM
South Africa (SANSA) JSA MSS MSS
TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
Taiwan (CSRSR-NCU) CLT TM TM
Thailand (GISTDA) BKT MSS MSS
TM TM
ETM+ ETM+
US (U of Puerto Rico) UPR ETM+ ETM+
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
LGAC Status Summary
• Includes partial scenes
• Green = Completed
4.07 million scenes ingested!
Approximately 62% complete
Approximately 71% of scenes
are new to the archive!
GSID Country Location Scenes Ingested Since Sept. 2010
MSS TM ETM+
Actual Estimated % Comp Unique % Unique Actual Estimated % Comp Unique % Unique Actual Estimated % Comp Unique % Unique
ASA Australia Alice Springs 237,583 237,000 100% 167,213 70% 186,021 186,000 100% 181,883 98% 226,030 226,000 100% 128,469 57%
BIK Kyrgyzstan Bishkek 2,340 2,000 100% 1,749 75%
BJC China Beijing 376,326 560,000 67% 363,958 97% 116 47,000 0% 17 15%
BKT Thailand Bangkok 0 25,000 0% 0 0% 214,836 230,000 93% 194,847 91% 18,704 18,700 100% 8,268 44%
CLT Taiwan Chung Li 11,586 11,600 100% 11,297 98%
COA Argentina Cordoba 103,643 190,000 55% 96,185 93% 137,192 200,000 69% 59,735 44%
CPE Ecuador Cotapaxi 25,246 50,000 50% 12,304 49%
CUB Brazil Cuiaba 0 76,000 0% 0 0% 306,704 307,000 100% 263,745 86% 103,648 103,500 100% 60,157 58%
DKI Indonesia Parepare 17,017 32,000 53% 16,686 98% 59,643 59,500 100% 26,482 44%
FUI Italy Fucino 0 2,000 0% 0 0% 48 567,000 0% 48 100% 20,832 51,000 41% 11,496 55%
GNC Canada Gatineau 53,019 53,000 100% 14,681 28% 37,955 38,000 100% 9,988 26%
HAJ Japan Hatoyama 166,531 166,500 100% 95,712 57% 131,556 131,500 100% 127,107 97% 20,556 20,500 100% 10,667 52%
HIJ Japan Hiroshima 39,365 39,300 100% 15,316 39%
HOA Australia Hobart 5,812 5,800 100% 5,767 99% 13,110 13,100 100% 5,255 40%
IKR Russia Irkutsk 23,431 23,400 100% 23,363 100%
ISP Pakistan Islamabad 504 500 100% 413 82% 63,564 66,000 96% 61,842 97%
JSA South Africa Hartebeesthoek 0 18,000 0% 0 0% 97,946 119,000 82% 84,879 87% 32,157 40,000 80% 9,113 28%
KHC China KaShi 30,681 30,600 100% 29,240 95%
KIS Sweden Kiruna 0 432,000 0% 0 0% 183,508 300,000 61% 180,755 98% 28,592 43,000 66% 17,764 62%
MGR Magadan Russia 2,970 2,970 100% 2,440 82%
MOR Moscow Russia 27,344 27,300 100% 26,613 97%
MPS Spain Maspalomas 0 154,000 0% 0 0% 16,329 50,000 33% 16,329 100% 7,480 32,000 23% 4,099 55%
MTI Italy Matera 2,962 234,000 1% 2,941 99% 12,401 48,000 26% 6,385 51%
NSG Germany Neustrelitz 5,160 5,000 100% 5,130 99% 70,009 94,000 74% 42,200 60%
PAC Canada Prince Albert 427,579 428,000 100% 201,808 47% 369,790 370,000 100% 193,020 52% 100,374 100,000 100% 28,671 29%
RSA Saudi Arabia Riyahd 0 5,000 0% 0 0% 1,608 250,000 1% 860 53%
SGI India Shadnagar 0 12,000 0% 0 0% 38,404 38,400 100% 38,054 99% 10,479 17,000 62% 7,432 71%
ULM Mongolia Ulan Bator 565 565 100% 554 98%
UPR Puerto Rico Mayaguez 315 315 100% 118 37%
Totals 837,357 1,561,000 54% 470,276 56% 2,293,256 3,838,135 60% 1,951,147 85% 938,958 1,190,915 79% 451,632 48%
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
LGAC Notional Timeline – TM
25
GSID Country Location Actual Estimate % Comp. Unique % Unique
BJC China Beijing 309,976 560,000 55% 300,160 97% Anticipate completion of TM by end of 2017
BKT Thailand Bangkok 210,262 215,000 98% 193,472 92% Anticipate completion of TM data on HDDTs by end of 2018
COA Argentina Cordoba 103,643 190,000 55% 96,185 93% Anticipate completion of TM and ETM+ by mid-2017
CPE Ecuador Cotapaxi 25,246 50,000 50% 12,304 49% Being worked; no anticipated date at this time
DKI Indonesia Parepare 17,017 32,000 53% 16,686 98%Completion of TM data on DCRSi tapes could take some time due to mold
problems on the tapes
FUI Italy Fucino 48 567,000 0% 48 100%
Anticipate completion of 1982-1986 and 2000-2001 all TM data by end of
2017
TM data from 1987-1999 have poor PCD - decision on how to handle this
data is pending
IRK Russia Irkutsk 23,398 23,398 100% 23,353 100% Completed
ISP Pakistan Islamabad 63,564 66,000 96% 61,842 97% Completion of TM data on LTOs unknown at this time
JSA South Africa Hartebeesthoek 97,772 119,000 82% 84,843 87% Anticipate completion of TM data by end of 2016 mid-2017
KHC China Kashi 30,639 30,639 100% 29,240 95% Completed
KIS Sweden Kiruna 183,508 300,000 61% 180,755 98%
Outstanding TM data contains poor PCD (~40% of TM data holdings) -
decision on how to handle data pending (1991-1996)
Completion of poor PCD data by end of 2017
MGR Russia Magadan 2,970 2,970 100% 2,440 82% Completed
MOR Russia Moscow 27,281 27,281 100% 26,554 97% Completed
MPS Spain Maspalomas 16,329 50,000 33% 16,315 100% Anticipate completion by end of 2017
MTI Italy Matera 2,962 234,000 1% 2,941 99% Anticipate completion by end of 2017
RSA Saudi Arabia Riyahd 1,608 250,000 1% 860 53% Completion of TM data on HDDTs could take multiple years
1,116,223 2,717,288 41% 1,047,998 94%
International Cooperator TM Notes / Notional Timeline (highlights are change from Winter
2016 LST meeting)
Totals
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Questions???
Following slides include additional download statistics and
additional mission status details
Doesn’t include Collection 1 Distribution Statistics
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
OLI/TIRS Downloads
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
ETM+ Downloads
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
TM Downloads
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Landsat 4-5 MSS Downloads
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Landsat 1-3 MSS Downloads
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Backup Slides
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Fuel Status Relevance to End of Mission
FOT flight dynamics estimates that Landsat 7 will need approximately 3.9 kg of fuel to achieve its disposable orbit of 8 km below current orbital trajectory
Following Landsat 7’s final inclination maneuver (delta-I) in February 2017, FOT estimates there will be 8.25 kg of fuel remaining aboard the spacecraft
Very small amounts of fuel are required for needed Drag Makeup Maneuvers (DMU’s) and risk mitigation maneuvers (RMM’s)
Current fuel mass budgeting and MLT of 9:15 AM places Landsat 7 end of mission in mid-2021
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
L7 WRS Error and MLT
Landsat Science Team – Jan 2017
Antarctic and Arctic Off-Nadir Requests
Antarctica (Complete Feb 2016) 6 off-nadir paths 60 degree steps
2 off-nadir paths to cover ends of Transantarctic Mountains
Expect to repeat variation annually
No impact to routine image acquisition
Arctic (Completed Jul-Aug 2016) 1 off-nadir path
Impacts Canada and Scandinavia, but with 8 day ascent & descent revisit time
No impact to routine image acquisition anticipated
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