latex: more than just academic papers and theses - mosc2011
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Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
LATEX: More Than Just Academic Papers and Theses
Lim Lian Tze
liantze@gmail.com
http://liantze.penguinattack.org/
Malaysian Open Source Conference 2011
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 1 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Contents
1 What are TEX, LATEX and Friends?
2 Document Types
3 Special Material
4 Wrapping Up
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 2 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Contents
1 What are TEX, LATEX and Friends?
2 Document Types
3 Special Material
4 Wrapping Up
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 3 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
What are TEX and LATEX, and Friends?
TEX ASCII TeX, /tEx/, /tEk/
A computer typesetting system created by Donald Knuth
for ‘the creation of beautiful books’
LATEX ASCII LaTeX, /"leItEx/, /"leItEk/, /"lA:tEx/, /"lA:tEk/
A document preparation system by Leslie Lamport
Binaries ε-TEX: additional primitives to TEX
pdfTEX: additional PDF-related primitives
X ETEX: native UTF-8 input; can access system fonts
LuaTEX: includes the Lua scripting engine
Friends BIBTEX, MakeIndex, METAFONT,METAPOST, . . .
http://www.ctan.org/what_is_tex.html
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 4 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Why?From http://www.ctan.org/what_is_tex.html
Output Quality
It has the best output.
It knows typesetting.
Superior Engineering
It’s fast.
It’s stable.
It’s not rigid (extensible).
Plain text input.
Many output types.
Freedom
It’s free.
It runs anywhere.
Popularity
It’s the standard (in
academia and science).
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 5 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Where Would I Want to Use LATEX?
Documents with complex structures
Lots of mathematics (or other speciVc needs)
When publishers require them
Batch processing
Back-end of other applications
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 6 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
How Do I Use It?
1 Write a plain text LATEX Vle (.tex)
2 Run it through pdflatex or xelatex → PDF output
(or latex + dvips + ps2pdf for DVI + PS + PDF)
3 Run bibtex and/or makeindex to process bibliographies, indices
4 Re-run pdflatex to resolve references and pointers
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 7 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Example .tex File
\documentclass[a4paper,11pt]article
\authorLim Lian Tze
\titleAn Introductory Paper
\date\today
\usepackage[english]babel
\begindocument
\maketitle
\tableofcontents
\beginabstract
This paper introduces\ldots
\endabstract
\sectionIntroduction
We consider\ldots
\sectionState of the Art
We look at\ldots
\subsectionDocument Formats
There are many\ldots
\enddocument
An Introductory Paper
Lim Lian Tze
June 7, 2011
Contents
1 Introduction 1
2 State of the Art 1
2.1 Document Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Abstract
This paper introduces. . .
1 Introduction
We consider. . .
2 State of the Art
We look at. . .
2.1 Document Formats
There are many. . .
1
pdflatex
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 8 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Where Do I Get It?
Windows MiKTEX, TEXLive
Un*x, GNU/Linux TEXLive
Mac OS X MacTEX (based on TEXLive)
Installation Use your OS’ package manager
(or download manually)
Editors vi, emacs, Texmaker, TeXworks, . . .
LATEX Packages Use MiKTEX or TEXLive’s package manager
Documentation (TEXLive) $ texdoc <package name>
(MiKTEX) $ mthelp <package name>
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 9 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Easy to Learn, Hard to Master
Customising may not be straightforward (vs word processors)
Intentionally so: Style guidelines should be followed strictly
Publisher/organisation provides document class or style VlesUse these to take care of formatting and styling, focus on the content
Fair enough.
But where do I learn all the stuU the TEXnicians and TEXperts do?
(There is a learning curve)
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 10 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Getting Help
Many free tutorials and e-books on the Web (beware of obsolete ones!)
Getting to Grips with LATEX. Andy Roberts.http://www.andy-roberts.net/misc/latex/
LATEX: Beautiful Typesetting. Lim Lian Tze.http://liantze.penguinattack.org/latextypesetting.html
LATEX and Friends. M.R.C. van Dongen.http://csweb.ucc.ie/~dongen/LaTeX-and-Friends.pdf
The LATEX WikiBook. http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX
Questions?
TEX FAQ. http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html
TEX.SX. http://tex.stackexchange.com/
comp.text.tex usenet groupMalaysian LATEX User Group. http://latex-my.blogspot.com/
Arrange for training
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 11 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
So, What Can LATEX Do?
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 12 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Contents
1 What are TEX, LATEX and Friends?
2 Document Types
3 Special Material
4 Wrapping Up
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 13 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Basic Types
Books
\documentclassbook
\author...
\title...
\begindocument
\maketitle
\chapter...
\section...
...
\subsection...
\enddocument
A Wonderful Read
A. Dummy
3rd June 2011
Chapter 1
Heading on level 0 (chapter)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should show, how aprinted text will look like at this place. If you read this text, you will get noinformation. Really? Is there no information? Is there a difference betweenthis text and some nonsense like »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind!A blind text like this gives you information about the selected font, how theletters are written and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the original language.There is no need for a special contents, but the length of words should matchto the language.
1.1 Heading on level 1 (section)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should show, how aprinted text will look like at this place. If you read this text, you will get noinformation. Really? Is there no information? Is there a difference betweenthis text and some nonsense like »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind!A blind text like this gives you information about the selected font, how theletters are written and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the original language.There is no need for a special contents, but the length of words should matchto the language.
1.1.1 Heading on level 2 (subsection)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should show, how aprinted text will look like at this place. If you read this text, you will get noinformation. Really? Is there no information? Is there a difference between
3
4 CHAPTER 1. HEADING ON LEVEL 0 (CHAPTER)
this text and some nonsense like »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind!A blind text like this gives you information about the selected font, how theletters are written and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the original language.There is no need for a special contents, but the length of words should matchto the language.
Heading on level 3 (subsubsection)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should show, how aprinted text will look like at this place. If you read this text, you will get noinformation. Really? Is there no information? Is there a difference betweenthis text and some nonsense like »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind!A blind text like this gives you information about the selected font, how theletters are written and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the original language.There is no need for a special contents, but the length of words should matchto the language.
Heading on level 4 (paragraph) Hello, here is some text without ameaning. This text should show, how a printed text will look like at thisplace. If you read this text, you will get no information. Really? Is thereno information? Is there a difference between this text and some nonsenselike »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind! A blind text like this givesyou information about the selected font, how the letters are written and theimpression of the look. This text should contain all letters of the alphabetand it should be written in of the original language. There is no need for aspecial contents, but the length of words should match to the language.
1.2 Lists
1.2.1 Example for list (itemize)
• First item in a list
• Second item in a list
• Third item in a list
• Fourth item in a list
• Fifth item in a list
1.2. LISTS 5
Example for list (4*itemize)
• First item in a list
– First item in a list
∗ First item in a list
· First item in a list
· Second item in a list
∗ Second item in a list
– Second item in a list
• Second item in a list
1.2.2 Example for list (enumerate)
1. First item in a list
2. Second item in a list
3. Third item in a list
4. Fourth item in a list
5. Fifth item in a list
Example for list (4*enumerate)
1. First item in a list
(a) First item in a list
i. First item in a list
A. First item in a list
B. Second item in a list
ii. Second item in a list
(b) Second item in a list
2. Second item in a list
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 14 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Basic Types (cont’d)
Articles
\documentclassarticle
\author...
\title...
\begindocument
\maketitle
\section...
...
\subsection...
\enddocument
A Wonderful Read
A. Dummy
3rd June 2011
1 Heading on level 1 (section)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should show, how aprinted text will look like at this place. If you read this text, you will get noinformation. Really? Is there no information? Is there a difference betweenthis text and some nonsense like »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind!A blind text like this gives you information about the selected font, how theletters are written and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the original language.There is no need for a special contents, but the length of words should matchto the language.
1.1 Heading on level 2 (subsection)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should show, how aprinted text will look like at this place. If you read this text, you will get noinformation. Really? Is there no information? Is there a difference betweenthis text and some nonsense like »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind!A blind text like this gives you information about the selected font, how theletters are written and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the original language.There is no need for a special contents, but the length of words should matchto the language.
1.1.1 Heading on level 3 (subsubsection)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should show, how aprinted text will look like at this place. If you read this text, you will get noinformation. Really? Is there no information? Is there a difference betweenthis text and some nonsense like »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind!
1
A blind text like this gives you information about the selected font, how theletters are written and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the original language.There is no need for a special contents, but the length of words should matchto the language.
Heading on level 4 (paragraph) Hello, here is some text without ameaning. This text should show, how a printed text will look like at thisplace. If you read this text, you will get no information. Really? Is thereno information? Is there a difference between this text and some nonsenselike »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind! A blind text like this givesyou information about the selected font, how the letters are written and theimpression of the look. This text should contain all letters of the alphabetand it should be written in of the original language. There is no need for aspecial contents, but the length of words should match to the language.
2 Lists
2.1 Example for list (itemize)
• First item in a list
• Second item in a list
• Third item in a list
• Fourth item in a list
• Fifth item in a list
2.1.1 Example for list (4*itemize)
• First item in a list
– First item in a list
∗ First item in a list
· First item in a list
· Second item in a list
∗ Second item in a list
– Second item in a list
• Second item in a list
2
2.2 Example for list (enumerate)
1. First item in a list
2. Second item in a list
3. Third item in a list
4. Fourth item in a list
5. Fifth item in a list
2.2.1 Example for list (4*enumerate)
1. First item in a list
(a) First item in a list
i. First item in a list
A. First item in a list
B. Second item in a list
ii. Second item in a list
(b) Second item in a list
2. Second item in a list
2.3 Example for list (description)
First item in a list
Second item in a list
Third item in a list
Fourth item in a list
Fifth item in a list
2.3.1 Example for list (4*description)
First item in a list
First item in a list
First item in a list
First item in a list
3
Second item in a list
Second item in a list
Second item in a list
Second item in a list
4
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 15 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Journal and Conference Proceedings Articles
IEEE
\documentclassIEEEtran
1
A Wonderful Read
A. Dummy
Abstract—Hello, here is some text without a meaning.
This text should show, how a printed text will look like
at this place. If you read this text, you will get no
information. Really? Is there no information? Is there
a difference between this text and some nonsense like
»Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind! A blind text like
this gives you information about the selected font, how the
letters are written and the impression of the look. This text
should contain all letters of the alphabet and it should be
written in of the original language. There is no need for
a special contents, but the length of words should match
to the language.
I. HEADING ON LEVEL 1 (SECTION)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. Thistext should show, how a printed text will look likeat this place. If you read this text, you will getno information. Really? Is there no information?Is there a difference between this text and somenonsense like »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Nevermind! A blind text like this gives you informationabout the selected font, how the letters are writtenand the impression of the look. This text shouldcontain all letters of the alphabet and it should bewritten in of the original language. There is no needfor a special contents, but the length of words shouldmatch to the language.
A. Heading on level 2 (subsection)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. Thistext should show, how a printed text will look likeat this place. If you read this text, you will getno information. Really? Is there no information?Is there a difference between this text and somenonsense like »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Nevermind! A blind text like this gives you informationabout the selected font, how the letters are writtenand the impression of the look. This text shouldcontain all letters of the alphabet and it should bewritten in of the original language. There is no needfor a special contents, but the length of words shouldmatch to the language.
1) Heading on level 3 (subsubsection): Hello,here is some text without a meaning. This textshould show, how a printed text will look likeat this place. If you read this text, you will getno information. Really? Is there no information?Is there a difference between this text and somenonsense like »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Nevermind! A blind text like this gives you informationabout the selected font, how the letters are writtenand the impression of the look. This text shouldcontain all letters of the alphabet and it should bewritten in of the original language. There is no needfor a special contents, but the length of words shouldmatch to the language.
a) Heading on level 4 (paragraph): Hello,here is some text without a meaning. This textshould show, how a printed text will look likeat this place. If you read this text, you will getno information. Really? Is there no information?Is there a difference between this text and somenonsense like »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Nevermind! A blind text like this gives you informationabout the selected font, how the letters are writtenand the impression of the look. This text shouldcontain all letters of the alphabet and it should bewritten in of the original language. There is no needfor a special contents, but the length of words shouldmatch to the language.
II. LISTS
A. Example for list (itemize)
• First item in a list• Second item in a list• Third item in a list• Fourth item in a list• Fifth item in a list
1) Example for list (4*itemize):
• First item in a list
– First item in a list
∗ First item in a list
· First item in a list
ACM
\documentclasssig-alternate
A Wonderful Read
A. Dummy
ABSTRACT
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should show,how a printed text will look like at this place. If you read thistext, you will get no information. Really? Is there no informa-tion? Is there a difference between this text and some nonsenselike »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind! A blind text like thisgives you information about the selected font, how the letters arewritten and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the originallanguage. There is no need for a special contents, but the length ofwords should match to the language.
1. Heading on level 1 (SECTION)Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should
show, how a printed text will look like at this place. If you readthis text, you will get no information. Really? Is there no infor-mation? Is there a difference between this text and some nonsenselike »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind! A blind text like thisgives you information about the selected font, how the letters arewritten and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the originallanguage. There is no need for a special contents, but the length ofwords should match to the language.
1.1 Heading on level 2 (subsection)Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should
show, how a printed text will look like at this place. If you readthis text, you will get no information. Really? Is there no infor-mation? Is there a difference between this text and some nonsenselike »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind! A blind text like thisgives you information about the selected font, how the letters arewritten and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the originallanguage. There is no need for a special contents, but the length ofwords should match to the language.
1.1.1 Heading on level 3 (subsubsection)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work forpersonal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies arenot made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copiesbear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, torepublish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specificpermission and/or a fee.MOSC 2011, July 3–5, 2011, Penang, Malaysia.Copyright 2011 ACM 123-4-56789-012-3/11/0007 ...$10.00.
show, how a printed text will look like at this place. If you readthis text, you will get no information. Really? Is there no infor-mation? Is there a difference between this text and some nonsenselike »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind! A blind text like thisgives you information about the selected font, how the letters arewritten and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the originallanguage. There is no need for a special contents, but the length ofwords should match to the language.
Heading on level 4 (paragraph).Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should
show, how a printed text will look like at this place. If you readthis text, you will get no information. Really? Is there no infor-mation? Is there a difference between this text and some nonsenselike »Huardest gefburn«. Kjift – Never mind! A blind text like thisgives you information about the selected font, how the letters arewritten and the impression of the look. This text should containall letters of the alphabet and it should be written in of the originallanguage. There is no need for a special contents, but the length ofwords should match to the language.
2. Lists
2.1 Example for list (itemize)
• First item in a list
• Second item in a list
• Third item in a list
• Fourth item in a list
• Fifth item in a list
2.1.1 Example for list (4*itemize)
• First item in a list
– First item in a list
∗ First item in a list
· First item in a list
· Second item in a list
∗ Second item in a list
– Second item in a list
• Second item in a list
LLNCS
\documentclassllncs
A Wonderful Read
A. Dummy
No Institute Given
Abstract Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should
show, how a printed text will look like at this place. If you read this text,
you will get no information. Really? Is there no information? Is there a
difference between this text and some nonsense like »Huardest gefburn«.
Kjift – Never mind! A blind text like this gives you information about
the selected font, how the letters are written and the impression of the
look. This text should contain all letters of the alphabet and it should
be written in of the original language. There is no need for a special
contents, but the length of words should match to the language.
1 Heading on level 1 (section)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should show,how a printed text will look like at this place. If you read this text,you will get no information. Really? Is there no information? Is therea difference between this text and some nonsense like »Huardestgefburn«. Kjift – Never mind! A blind text like this gives you infor-mation about the selected font, how the letters are written and theimpression of the look. This text should contain all letters of the al-phabet and it should be written in of the original language. There isno need for a special contents, but the length of words should matchto the language.
1.1 Heading on level 2 (subsection)
Hello, here is some text without a meaning. This text should show,how a printed text will look like at this place. If you read this text,you will get no information. Really? Is there no information? Is therea difference between this text and some nonsense like »Huardestgefburn«. Kjift – Never mind! A blind text like this gives you infor-mation about the selected font, how the letters are written and the
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 16 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Some Goodies
Quick language-switching with babel
Automatic generation of cross-referencing labels:
\sectionIntroduction\labelsec:intro
... We saw in section \refsec:intro...
Automatic generation of lists:
\tableofcontents, \listoffigures, \listoftables
Automatic generation of bibliographies and indices:
\citeKnuth:1976...\bibliographyreferences.bib
...the Linux kernel\indexLinux!kernel... \printindex
Fully hyperlinked PDF with bookmarks: \usepackagehyperref
Inclusion of selected pages from other PDFs
(while inserting new page headers/footers!)
\usepackagepdfpages
\includepdf[pages=1,3-5,8,pagecommand=\thispagestyleplain]file.pdf
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 17 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
University Theses
Universiti Sains Malaysia \documentclassusmthesis
WRITING YOUR THESIS WITH LATEX
by
LIM LIAN TZE
Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements
for the degree of
Master of Science
December 2007
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v
List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi
List of Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii
List of Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii
List of Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
Abstrak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi
CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION: SAMPLES OF BASIC LATEX
COMMANDS
1.1 Some Simple Command Usages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Special Characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 Useful Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
CHAPTER 2 – CITATIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
2.1 The *.bib File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2 Citations using the natbib package. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.1 Author-Year System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.2.2 Numeric System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
CHAPTER 3 – FIGURES, TABLES, EQUATIONS, ALGORITHMS, ETC
3.1 Inserting Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3.2 Inserting Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
3.3 Inserting Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
iii
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION: SAMPLES OF BASIC LATEX
COMMANDS
Hello and welcome, fellow Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) research postgrad! The
usmthesis package and template files were written in the hope that they may help
you prepare your research thesis using LATEX, based on the Institut Pengajian Siswazah
(IPS) requirements (IPS, 2007). Please note that this version is based on the new
guidelines, in force 17 Dec 2007 onwards. (Song, Cai, Lyu and Cai, 2002)
LATEX is powerful and produces beautiful documents. However, there is definitely
a learning curve to it – one that is worth the effort. If you find any errors in these
templates or documents, or have any suggestions or feedback, do e-mail me about it
(liantze@gmail.com). The author cannot always guarantee prompt response, how-
ever. ©
MiKTEX, my recommended LATEX distribution for Windows, is available on the
CSPC’07 CD. A step-by-step installation walkthrough is available at (Lim, 2009).
1.1 Some Simple Command Usages
There are plenty of free LATEX tutorials online, some of which are listed in the bibli-
ographies or available at http://e-office.cs.usm.my. This sample thesis includes some
examples to do some common tasks. We start with some examples for lists (both bul-
1
REFERENCES
Changsheng, X., Wang, J., Lu, L. and Zhang, Y. (2008). A novel framework for
semantic annotation and personalized retrieval of sports video, Multimedia, IEEE
Transactions on 10(3): 421–436.
D’Orazio, T., Leo, M., Spagnolo, P., Mazzeo, P. L., Mosca, N., Nitti, M. and Distante,
A. (2009). An investigation into the feasibility of real-time soccer offside detec-
tion from a multiple camera system, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND
SYSTEMS FOR VIDEO TECHNOLOGY 19(12): 1804–1818.
D’Orazio, T., Leo, M., Spagnolo, P., Nitti, M., Mosca, N. and Distante, A. (2009).
A visual system for real time detection of goal events during soccer matches,
Computer Vision and Image Understanding 113(5): 622–632. Computer Vision
Based Analysis in Sport Environments.
URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WCX-4S50K9H-
1/2/fe82b213b3ec28e07aef15882eb37538
IPS (2007). A Guide to the Preparation, Submission and Examination of Theses, In-
stitute of Graduate Studies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia.
Lim, L. T. (2009). LATEX: Beautiful typesetting, [Online]. [Accessed January 22, 2011].
Available from World Wide Web: http://liantze.googlepages.com/latextypesetting.
Mittelbach, F., Goossens, M., Braams, J., Carlisle, D. and Rowley, C. (2004). The
LATEX Companion, Addison-Wesley Series on Tools and Techniques for Computer
Typesetting, 2nd edn, Addison-Wesley, Boston, MA, USA.
Oetiker, T., Partl, H., Hyna, I. and Schlegl, E. (2006). The Not So Short Introduction
to LATEX 2ε , 4.2 edn.
Roberts, A. (2005). Getting to grips with LATEX, [Online]. [Accessed January 22,
2011]. Available from World Wide Web: http://www.andy-roberts.net/misc/latex/
index.html.
Song, J. Q., Cai, M., Lyu, M. R. and Cai, S. J. (2002). A new approach for line
recognition in large-size images using hough transform, Proceedings of the 16th
International Conference on Pattern Recognition., Vol. 1, pp. 33–36.
24
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 18 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
University Theses (cont’d)
Multimedia University \documentclassmmuthesis
THE MMUTHESIS LATEX DOCUMENT
CLASS
BY
LIM LIAN TZE
B.Sc. (Hons), University of Warwick, United Kingdom
M.Sc., Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia
THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF
DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
(by Research)
in the
Faculty of Information Technology
MULTIMEDIA UNIVERSITYMALAYSIA
April 2010
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COPYRIGHT PAGE ii
DECLARATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv
DEDICATION v
ABSTRACT vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
LIST OF TABLES viii
LIST OF FIGURES ix
PREFACE x
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION, BACKGROUND STORY,
MOTIVATIONS 1
1.1 First Test and I need a really long title, please do oblige me won’t you?
Just a few more words and yes we’re there 1
1.1.1 Second Test 1
1.2 Yeah 2
CHAPTER 2: DUMMY CHAPTER 3
APPENDIX A: MANUALS, TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS,
DOCUMENTATIONS, EXAMPLE SCENARIOS 4
APPENDIX B: TRY 5
REFERENCES 6
GLOSSARY 7
INDEX 8
PUBLICATION LIST 9
vii
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION, BACKGROUND STORY, MOTIVATIONS
1.1 First Test and I need a really long title, please do oblige me won’t you? Just
a few more words and yes we’re there
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Ut purus elit, vestibu-
lum ut, placerat ac, adipiscing vitae, felis. Curabitur dictum gravida mauris. Nam arcu
libero, nonummy eget, consectetuer id, vulputate a, magna. Donec vehicula augue
eu neque. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames
ac turpis egestas. Mauris ut leo. Cras viverra metus rhoncus sem. Nulla et lectus
vestibulum urna fringilla ultrices. Phasellus eu tellus sit amet tortor gravida placerat.
Integer sapien est, iaculis in, pretium quis, viverra ac, nunc. Praesent eget sem vel leo
ultrices bibendum. Aenean faucibus. Morbi dolor nulla, malesuada eu, pulvinar at,
mollis ac, nulla. Curabitur auctor semper nulla. Donec varius orci eget risus. Duis
nibh mi, congue eu, accumsan eleifend, sagittis quis, diam. Duis eget orci sit amet orci
dignissim rutrum.
Nam dui ligula, fringilla a, euismod sodales, sollicitudin vel, wisi. Morbi auctor
lorem non justo. Nam lacus libero, pretium at, lobortis vitae, ultricies et, tellus. Donec
aliquet, tortor sed accumsan bibendum, erat ligula aliquet magna, vitae ornare odio
metus a mi. Morbi ac orci et nisl hendrerit mollis. Suspendisse ut massa. Cras nec ante.
Pellentesque a nulla. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes,
nascetur ridiculus mus. Aliquam tincidunt urna. Nulla ullamcorper vestibulum turpis.
Pellentesque cursus luctus mauris.
Test 1
Figure 1.1: First figure. OK?
1.1.1 Second Test
Their (Audibert, 2004) requirements1 are really amazing2 (Budanitsky & Hirst,
2006).
1See here, how weird, how to fill out an entire line. See here, how weird, how to fill out an entire line. See here, how weird,
how to fill out an entire line. See here, how weird, how to fill out an entire line. See here, how weird, how to fill out an entire line.
2don’t you agree?
1
REFERENCES
[1] Audibert, L. (2004). Word sense disambiguation criteria: a systematic study. In 20th in-
ternational conference on computational linguistics (coling 2004) (pp. 910–916). Geneva,
Switzerland: COLING.
[2] Budanitsky, A., & Hirst, G. (2006). Evaluating WordNet-based measures of lexical semantic
relatedness. Computational Linguistics, 32(1), 13–47.
6
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 19 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
University Theses (cont’d)
Universiti Malaya \documentclassumalayathesis
THE UMALAYATHESIS LATEX DOCUMENT CLASS
LIM LIAN TZE
THESIS SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENTOF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
INSTITUTE OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIESUNIVERSITY OF MALAYA
KUALA LUMPUR
2010
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ii
DECLARATION iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF FIGURES vi
LIST OF TABLES vii
LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ACRONYMS viii
LIST OF APPENDICES ix
PREFACE x
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION, BACKGROUND STORY, MOTIVATIONS 1
1.1 First Test and I need a really long title, please do oblige me won’t you?
Just a few more words and yes we’re there 1
1.1.1 Second Test 2
1.2 Yeah 2
CHAPTER 2: DUMMY CHAPTER 5
APPENDICES 6
REFERENCES 9
v
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION, BACKGROUND STORY, MOTIVATIONS
1.1 First Test and I need a really long title, please do oblige me won’t you? Just a
few more words and yes we’re there
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Ut purus elit, vestibulum
ut, placerat ac, adipiscing vitae, felis. Curabitur dictum gravida mauris. Nam arcu libero,
nonummy eget, consectetuer id, vulputate a, magna. Donec vehicula augue eu neque. Pel-
lentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas.
Mauris ut leo. Cras viverra metus rhoncus sem. Nulla et lectus vestibulum urna fringilla
ultrices. Phasellus eu tellus sit amet tortor gravida placerat. Integer sapien est, iaculis
in, pretium quis, viverra ac, nunc. Praesent eget sem vel leo ultrices bibendum. Aenean
faucibus. Morbi dolor nulla, malesuada eu, pulvinar at, mollis ac, nulla. Curabitur auctor
semper nulla. Donec varius orci eget risus. Duis nibh mi, congue eu, accumsan eleifend,
sagittis quis, diam. Duis eget orci sit amet orci dignissim rutrum.
Nam dui ligula, fringilla a, euismod sodales, sollicitudin vel, wisi. Morbi auctor
lorem non justo. Nam lacus libero, pretium at, lobortis vitae, ultricies et, tellus. Donec
aliquet, tortor sed accumsan bibendum, erat ligula aliquet magna, vitae ornare odio metus
a mi. Morbi ac orci et nisl hendrerit mollis. Suspendisse ut massa. Cras nec ante. Pellen-
tesque a nulla. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur
ridiculus mus. Aliquam tincidunt urna. Nulla ullamcorper vestibulum turpis. Pellen-
tesque cursus luctus mauris.
Figure 1.1: First figure. OK?
1
REFERENCES
Audibert, L. (2004). Word sense disambiguation criteria: a systematic study. In 20th International Confer-
ence on Computational Linguistics (COLING 2004) (pp. 910–916). Geneva, Switzerland: COLING.
Budanitsky, A., & Hirst, G. (2006). Evaluating WordNet-based measures of lexical semantic relatedness.
Computational Linguistics, 32(1), 13–47.
9
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 20 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Highly ConVgurable Documentsmemoir and KOMA-Script Classes
Sectional headings
Running headers and footers
Good font, colour and illustration choices
http://latex-my/blogspot.com/search/label/bookdesign
Grid Computing ClusterThe Development and Integration of
Grid Services and Applications
Grid@USM2008/09 Report
Edited by Bahari Belaton and Lim Lian Tze
Platform for Information & Communication Technology Research
Universiti Sains Malaysia
CONTENTS
Project Overview
Introduction 2
Grid@USM: Developing & Integrating Grid Applications & Services 4
Project Milestones 7
Project Expenditures 8
Sub-Projects
Setting up USM Campus Grid 10
AP Chan Huah Yong, Ang Sin Keat, Tan Chin Min, Kheoh Hooi Leng, Cheng Wai Khuen, M. Muzzammil bin Mohd Salahudin
Dynamic Replica Management in Data Grid Environment 14
AP Chan Huah Yong, Aloysius Indrayanto and Muhammad Muzzammil bin Mohd Salahudin
Using Grid Technology to Create a Render-Farm for Blender 3D Animation 18
AP Phua Kia Ken and Zafri Muhammad
Grid-enabled Blexisma2 23
AP Tang Enya Kong, Lim Lian Tze, Ye Hong Hoe and Dr Didier Schwab
B2B Standards Component Modeling 27
Dr Vincent Khoo Kay Teong, Ting Tin Tin, Rinki Yadav, Johnson Foong and Kor Chan Hock
An Automated Java Testing Tool on the Grid 31
Dr Kamal Zuhairi Zamli, Dr Nor Ashidi Mat Isa, Mohammed Issam Younis and Saidatul Khatimah binti Said
iNet-Grid 35
Prof. Sureswaran Ramadass, AP Rahmat Budiarto, AP Chan Huah Yong and Dr Ahmed M. Manasrah
Grid Application to Wave Front Propagation and Containment of Vector Borne Diseases 40
Prof. Koh Hock Lye, Dr Teh Su Yean and Tan Kah Bee
Project Activities
Organised Events 46
Other Events 48
Publications 50
Note: The abbreviations Prof. and AP are used for Professor and Associate Professor respectively throughout this book.
Grid@USM:DEVELOPING & INTEGRATINGGRID APPLICATIONS & SERVICES
Image: A simple network. Illustration by ©Svilen Mushkatov (http://www.sxc.hu/profile/svilen001).
USM’S R&D SUSTAINABILITY
To attain the level of excellence as aresearch university (RU), USM in re-cent years has seriously engaged her-self in various efforts to formulateand chart her future research anddevelopment (R&D) directions. Thepinnacle of these efforts was trans-lated into a 2 year strategic plan “USM
Research-Intensive University 2007–2009”.
One of the crucial input elements
for attaining and subsequently sus-taining RU status is the creationof highly conducive research envi-ronment and infrastructure. Gridcomputing is an example of suchinfrastructure, aiming at providingexcellent research facilities by en-suring good computational horse-power to support high impact do-mains in the bio-sciences, physicalsciences, information and communi-cation technology (ICT), Environmentsciences, Education, Arts and others.
Grid computing is by its na-ture highly distributed geographically,consists of highly specialised equip-ment (storage, grid engines and man-agement tools), as well as expensive.It is as such an ideal example of com-mon, core computational resourcesto be created and pooled among as-piring researchers who require highperformance resources.
Equally important, USM needs a fo-cused, holistic and dedicated effort
4
Grid@USM
SLB on utmkblex
Lexicon
Dispenser
PWN
AnalyserPWN
Analyser
Lexicon
Dispenser
PWN
Analyser
Remote Host
Lexicon
Dispenser
PWN
AnalyserRemote Host
Lexicon
Dispenser
PWN
Analyser
Remote Host
Lexicon
Dispenser
Sense-Tagger
Syntactic
Parser
Remote Host
Figure 3: Blexisma2 agents are deployed on USM Campus Grid nodes using the Globus job submission toolkit.
(a) Different meanings of star in context (b) Different meanings of school in context
Figure 4: SLB data generated by Blexisma2 agents used to determine most probable meanings of ambiguous lexicalitem. A Web interface to the Sense-Tagger is available at http://utmkblex.usmgrid.myren.net.my:8080/Blexisma2Servlets/
CVSenseTagger.
interested to improve its design toa multilingual setting, where morecomplicated cross-lingual phenomenawill have to be considered. We alsohope to improve the agent commu-nication mechanisms to reduce la-tency. Apart from creating moreagents that implement different learn-ing algorithms and heuristics, we arealso planning agents responsible forother NLP tasks such as deep parsing,detecting named entities, etc. In otherwords, we hope to have agents of var-ious responsibilities so that they canbe ‘mixed-and-matched’ to constructnew NLP applications, such as thosementioned in the introduction.
On the performance issues, wemay attempt several solutions for theSLB bottleneck problem mentionedearlier:
• hardware (RAM) upgrades,• further optimisation of PostgreSQL
server settings,• database connection pooling,• load balancing,• parallelising queries.
PROJECT PUBLICATIONS
Lim, L. T. & Schwab, D. (2008). Lim-its of Lexical Semantic Relatedness
with Ontology-based ConceptualVectors. In Proceedings of the 5th In-ternational Workshop on Natural Lan-guage Processing and Cognitive Sci-ence (NLPCS’08). Barcelona, Spain;pp. 153–158.
Schwab, D. & Lim, L. T. (2008). Blex-isma2: a Distributed Agent Frame-work for Constructing a SemanticLexical Database based on Con-ceptual Vectors. In Proceedingsof the International Conference onDistributed Frameworks & Applica-tions 2008 (DFmA 2008). Penang,Malaysia; pp. 102–110.
@G
rid
U
S M
26 GRID-ENABLED BLEXISMA2
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 21 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Presentation Slides
This presentation was made with LATEX!
Many possible classes: powerdot, beamer
\documentclassbeamer
% Many built in themes
\usethemeWarsaw
\author ...
\begindocument
\titleframe
\sectionIntro
\beginframe
\frametitleSome Background
...
\endframe
\enddocument
Intro
A First Presentation
Lim Lian Tze
June 3, 2011
Lim Lian Tze A First Presentation
Intro
Some Background
Once upon a time
There were programmers
Lim Lian Tze A First Presentation
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 22 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Oversized Posters
Many possible solutions: sciposter, flowfram, beamerposter
\documentclassbeamer
\usepackage[orientation=portrait,
→ size=a0]beamerposter
\usetheme...
\author ... % Meta−information
\begindocument
\beginframe
... % Poster contents goes here
\endframe
\enddocument
Low-Cost Construction of aMultilingual Lexicon from Bilingual Lists
Introduction
Bilingual MRDs are good resources for building
multilingual lexicons, but heterogeneous structures
Lowest common denominator: list of
source language item→ target language item(s)
Proposal: Multilingual lexicon construction using only
simple bilingual lists
One-time Inverse Consultation [1]
Generates a bilingual lexicon for new language pair
from existing bilingual lists
JP–EN, EN–MS, MS–EN lexicons ⇒ JP–MS
Japanese English Malay
mark tandap seal anjing laut
stamp teraimprintgauge
score(‘tera’) = 2 ×|E1 ∩ E2|
|E1| + |E2|= 2 ×
2
3 + 4= 0.57
∴p↔ ‘tera’ is most likely valid
Merging Translation Triples into Sets
(Example: Malay–English–Chinese)
Retain OTIC ‘middle’ language links
For each ‘head’ language LI, discard triples with score
< αX or score2 < βX, where X = max score of all
triples containing that LI
(garang, ferocious, ö)(garang, erce, ö)
(garang, ööö) 0.143
(garang, jazzy, ÀÈ)
(garang, ÀÀÀÈÈÈ) 0.125
(garang, bold, 'Æ)
(garang, '''ÆÆÆ) 0.111
(garang, bold, ÑS)
(garang, ÑÑÑSSS) 0.048
(garang, bold, S)
(garang, SSS) 0.048
⋮
Merge all triples with common bilingual pairs
garang
bengkengerce
ferocious ö
Ð→
(garang, ferocious,ö)(garang, erce,ö)(bengkeng, erce,ö)
References
[1]F. Bond and K. Ogura. “Combining linguistic resources to create a
machine-tractable Japanese–Malay dictionary”. In: Language
Resources and Evaluation 42 (2008), pp. 127–136.
Adding a New Language
(Example: Malay–English–Chinese + French)
Construct also French–English–Malay triples
Add French members to existing M-E-C clusters with
common English & Malay members
garang
bengkengerce
ferocious ö
+(cruel, ferocious, garang)(féroce, erce, garang)
Ð→
garang
cruelféroce
bengkeng
erce
ferocious ö
Precision of 100 Random Translation Sets
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
β
Precision
α = 0.0α = 0.2α = 0.8
Precision generally around 0.70–0.82; max 0.86
F1 and Rand Index of Selected Translation Sets
Evaluating accuracy of sets with polysemous ‘middle’
language members, e.g. ‘plant’, ‘target’
Test Rand Index F1 Best accuracy whenword min max min max α β
‘bank’ 0.417 0.611 0.588 0.632 0.6 0.4
‘plant’ 0.818 0.927 0.809 0.913 0.6 0.2
‘target’ 0.821 1.000 0.902 1.000 0.4 0.2
‘letter’ 0.709 0.818 0.724 0.792 0.8 0.2
Discussion and Conclusion
Low thresholds (α, β): more coverage; low precision
High thresholds: good precision; low coverage
α = 0.6, β = 0.2 gives good trade-oU between
coverage, precision and recall
Results are encouraging for such simple input data!
Future plan: Integrate lexicon
into an MT system
with WSD
Lian Tze Lim Bali Ranaivo-Malançon Enya Kong Tangliantze@gmail.com ranaivo,enyakong@mmu.edu.my
NLP-SIG, Faculty of Information Technology, Multimedia University, Malaysia
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 23 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
LeaWets
leaflet: arrange contents into 6 pages on a foldable double-sided sheet
\documentclass[foldmark,a4paper]
leaflet
\author ... % Meta−information
\begindocument
\maketitle
\section ...
... % LeaWet contents
\enddocument
Discussion
Low thresholds (α, β): more coverage; low precision High thresholds: good precision; low coverage α ≈ 0.6, β ≈ 0.2 gives good trade-o between coverage,
precision and recall Results are encouraging for such simple input data!
Especially suitable for under-resourced language pairs Future plan: Integrate multilingual lexicon into anMT
system withWSD and user interaction features
Related Work
Many multilingual lexicon projects [2, 3]) aligned withPrinceton WordNet [4]⊳ Overly ne sense distinctions in Princeton WordNet
Pan Lexicon [5]: compute context vectors of words frommonolingual corpora of dierent languages, thengrouping into translation sets by matching contextvectors via bilingual lexicons⊳ Sense distinctions derived from corpus evidence⊳ Produces many translation sets that contain
semantically related but not synonymous words,e.g. ‘shoot’ and ‘bullet’ (lower precision)
⊳ 44% precision based on evaluators’ opinions (75% ifinter-evaluator agreement is not required)
⊳ Does not handle multi-word expressions Markó, Schulz and Hahn [6] use cognate mappings to
derive new translation pairs, validate by processingparallel corpora (medical domain)⊳ Complex terms indexed on the level of sub-words
e.g. ‘pseudo⊕hypo⊕para⊕thyroid⊕ism’⊳ 46% accuracy for each language pair⊳ Requires large aligned thesaurus corpora (easier to
acquire for specialised domains?)⊳ Cognate-based approach not applicable for language
pairs that are not closely related Lafourcade [7]: compute contextual vectors for
translation pairs based on gloss text and associated classlabels from semantic hierarchy; compare vectors fromdierent bilingual lexicons to detect synonymy⊳ Resource requirements not available for all language
pairs, costly task of assigning class labels
References
[1] F. Bond and K. Ogura. “Combining linguistic resources tocreate a machine-tractable Japanese–Malay dictionary”. In:Language Resources and Evaluation 42 (2008), pp. 127–136.
[2] P. Vossen. “EuroWordNet: A Multilingual Database ofAutonomous and Language-specic Wordnets Connected viaan Inter-Lingual-Index”. In: Special Issue on Multilingual
Databases, International Journal of Linguistics 17.2 (2004).
[3] D. Tuş, D. Cristeau, and S. Stamou. “BalkaNet: Aims,Methods, Results and Perspectives – A General Overview”.In: Romanian Journal of Information Science and Technology
Special Issue 7.1 (2004), pp. 9–43.
[4] C. Fellbaum, ed.WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Database.Language, Speech, and Communication. Cambridge,Massachusetts: MIT Press, 1998.
[5] M. Sammer and S. Soderland. “Building asense-distinguished multilingual lexicon from monolingualcorpora and bilingual lexicons”. In: Proceedings of Machine
Translation Summit XI. Copenhagen, Denmark, 2007,pp. 399–406.
[6] K. Markó, S. Schulz, and U. Hahn. “Multilingual LexicalAcquisition by Bootstrapping Cognate Seed Lexicons”. In:Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent
Advances in Natural Language Processing (RANLP) 2005.Borovets, Bulgaria, 2005.
[7] M. Lafourcade. “Automatically Populating Acception LexicalDatabase through Bilingual Dictionaries and ConceptualVectors”. In: Proceedings of PAPILLON-2002. Tokyo, Japan,Aug. 2002.
[8] C. Boitet, M. Mangeot, and G. Sérasset. “e PAPILLONproject: Cooperatively Building a Multilingual LexicalDatabase to Derive Open Source Dictionaries & Lexicons”.In: Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on NLP and XML
(NLPXML’02). Taipei, Taiwan, 2002, pp. 1–3.
Contact
Lian Tze Lim liantze@gmail.com
Bali Ranaivo-Malançon ranaivo@mmu.edu.my
Enya Kong Tang enyakong@mmu.edu.my
NLP-SIG, Faculty of Information TechnologyMultimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia.http://fit.mmu.edu.my/sig/nlp/
Low-Cost Construction of a
Multilingual Lexicon from
Bilingual Lists
Lian Tze LimBali Ranaivo-Malançon
Enya Kong Tang
NLP-SIG, Faculty of Information TechnologyMultimedia University, Malaysia
Introduction
BilingualMRDs are good resources for buildingmultilingual lexicons
ButMRDs have heterogeneous contents and structures⊳ Not all contain rich information (gloss, domain)
(Especially so for under-resourced languages)⊳ Dierent structures (sense granularity, distinctions)
Lowest common denominator: list of source languageitem→ target language item(s)
Construct multilingual lexicon using only bilingual lists
One-time Inverse Consultation [1]
Generates a bilingual lexicon for a new language pairfrom existing bilingual lists
Given bilingual lexicons L1–L2, L2–L3, L3–L2, generatebilingual lexicon L1–L3
Example: JP–EN, EN–MS, MS–EN lexicons⇒ JP–MS
Japanese English Malay
mark tandap seal anjing laut
stamp teraimprintgauge
score(‘tera’) = 2 ×∣E1 ∩E2∣
∣E1∣ + ∣E2∣= 2 ×
2
3 + 4= 0.57
∴p↔ ‘tera’ is more likely to be valid
Merging Translation Triples into Sets
Retain OTIC ‘middle’ language links For each ‘head’ language LI, lter only triples whose
score exceed thresholds (See Algorithm 1) Merge all triples with common bilingual pairs Malay–English–Chinese example:
ms–en Kamus Inggeris–Melayu untuk Penterjemahen–zh XDict zh–en CC-CEDICT
(garang, ferocious, ö)(garang, erce, ö)
(garang, ööö) 0.143
(garang, jazzy, ÀÈ)
(garang, ÀÀÀÈÈÈ) 0.125
(garang, bold, 'Æ)
(garang, '''ÆÆÆ) 0.111
(garang, bold, ÑS)
(garang, ÑÑÑSSS) 0.048
(garang, bold, S)
(garang, SSS) 0.048
⋮
garang
bengkeng
erce
ferocious ö
Ð→
(garang, ferocious,ö)(garang, erce,ö)(bengkeng, erce,ö)
Adding More Languages
Construct L1–L2–L4 triples Add L4 members to existing L1–L2–L3 clusters with
common L1 & L2 members Example: Malay–English–Chinese + French, using‘ready-made’ triples from FeM
garang
bengkeng
erce
ferocious ö
+(cruel, ferocious, garang)(féroce, erce, garang)
Ð→
garang
cruelféroce
bengkeng
erce
ferocious ö
Algorithm 1: Generating trilingual translation chains
forall the lexical items wh ∈ L1 do
Wm ← translations of wh in L2
forall the wm ∈Wm do
Wt ← translations of wm in L3
forall the wt ∈Wt do
Output a translation triple (wh ,wm ,wt)Wmr
← translations of wt in L2
score(wh ,wm ,wt) ←
∑w∈Wm
∣common words in wmr∈Wmr
and w|
∣words in wmr∈Wmr
∣end
score(wh ,wt) ← 2 ×∑w∈Wm
score(wh ,w ,wt)∣Wm ∣ + ∣Wmr
∣end
X ←maxw t∈Wtscore(wh ,wt)
forall the distinct translation pairs (wh ,wt) doif score(wh ,wt) ≥ αX or (score(wh ,wt))2 ≥ βXthen
Place wh ∈ L1, wm ∈ L2, wt ∈ L3 from all triples(wh ,w . . . ,wt) into same translation setRecord score(wh ,wt) and score(wh ,wm ,wt)
else
Discard all triples (wh ,w . . . ,wt)// The sets are now grouped by
(wh ,wt)end
end
end
Merge all sets containing triples with same (wh ,wm)Merge all sets containing triples with same (wm ,wt)
Algorithm 2: Adding Lk+1 to multilingual lexicon L ofL1 , L2 , . . . , LkT ← translation triples of Lk+1 , Lm , Ln generated byAlgorithm 1 where Lm , Ln ∈ L1 , L2 , . . . , Lkforall the (wLm
,wLn,wLk+1) ∈ T do
Add wLk+1to all entries in L that contains both wLm
andwLn
end
Precision of 100 Random Translation Sets
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8
0.7
0.75
0.8
0.85
β
Precision
α = 0.0α = 0.2
α = 0.8
Precision increases with threshold parameters α and β Precision generally around 0.70–0.82; max 0.86 Most false positives are not ranked at top of the list Many errors caused by incorrect POS assignments
F1 and Rand Index of Selected Translation Sets
False positives will frequently arise when ‘middle’language members are polysemous, e.g. ‘plant’, ‘target’
Evaluate accuracy of selected sets with polysemous‘middle’ language members
Precision =TP
TP + FP
Recall =TP
TP + FN
F1 =2 × Precision × RecallPrecision + Recall
RI =TP + TN
TP + FP + FN + TN
Test Rand Index F1 Best accuracy whenword min max min max α β
‘bank’ 0.417 0.611 0.588 0.632 0.6 0.4‘plant’ 0.818 0.927 0.809 0.913 0.6 0.2‘target’ 0.821 1.000 0.902 1.000 0.4 0.2‘letter’ 0.709 0.818 0.724 0.792 0.8 0.2
F1 and RI increases with α and β But may decrease when they are too high and reject
valid members (false negatives)
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 24 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Fillable PDF Forms
\usepackagehyperref
... % various settings skipped
\TextFieldName:\\
\TextFieldAffiliation:\\
\ChoiceMenu[radio=true]
Are you a:Student, Academic\\
Interest:
\CheckBoxSecurity
\CheckBoxSystems
\CheckBoxUser space\\
\TextField[multiline=true]
Comments:\\
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 25 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Fillable PDF Forms (cont’d)
Use with caution!
poppler-based viewers (evince, xpdf, okular)
Problem displaying and saving radio/check boxes correctly
Saved forms can’t be opened by other viewers
Adobe Reader
Cannot save Vlled form as PDF unless Acrobat is installed
Only as Veld-and-value text Vle
Can provide “Submit” button for submission to a URL
Or print hard copy of Vlled form!
PDF XChange Viewer
Best freeware for Vlling and saving LATEX-created forms
Windows only
Not OSS
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 26 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Flash Cards
\documentclass[avery5388,frame]
flashcards
\cardfrontstyleheadings
\cardfrontfootLinux
\begindocument
\beginflashcard[Security]
Certificate
...
\endflashcard
\beginflashcard[Security]
MAC ...
...
\endflashcard
\enddocument
Security
CertiVcate
Linux
Security
MAC (Mandatory Access
Control)
Linux
A digital representation of information that
identiVes you and is issued by Cas, which are
often a trusted third party (TTP).
Access to an object is restricted based on the
sensitivity of the object (deVned by the label
that is assigned), and granted through
authorization (Clearance) to access that level of
data.
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 27 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Examination Questions
\documentclassexam
...
\beginquestions\printanswers
\question[5]
What is Paul McCartney's middle name?
\beginoneparchoices
\choice John \CorrectChoice Paul
\choice Ringo \choice James
\endoneparchoices
\question[10] What was the Beatles' first
→single in 1962?
\beginsolutionLove Me Do\endsolution
\question
\beginparts
\part[5] What was George's inspiration for
→`While My Guitar Gently Weeps'?
\beginsolution
He opened a random book and saw the words
→``gently weep''.
\endsolution
...
\endquestions
1. (5)What is Paul McCartney’s middle name?
A. John B. Paul C. Ringo D. James
2. (10)What was the Beatles’ Vrst single in 1962?
Solution: Love Me Do
3. (a) (5)What was George’s inspiration for ‘WhileMy Guitar Gently Weeps’?
Solution: He opened a random bookand saw the words “gently weep”.
(b) (5)Who guest-performed for the song and why?
Solution: Eric Clapton; he wanted aspiUy guitar solo.
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 28 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Contents
1 What are TEX, LATEX and Friends?
2 Document Types
3 Special Material
4 Wrapping Up
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 29 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Mathematics
(1) relates the golden ratio and the Fibonacci series.
Recall that the golden ratio, φ = 12(1+
√5).
φ = 1+
∞∑
n=1
(−1)n+1
FnFn+1(1)
\eqrefeq:gratio relates the golden ratio and the Fibonacci series.
Recall that the golden ratio, $\phi = \frac12 (1 + \sqrt5)$.
\beginequation\labeleq:gratio
\phi = 1 + \sum^\infty _n=1
\frac (-1)^n+1 F_n F_n+1
\endequation
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 30 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Chemical Equations and Molecules
Zn2++2OH–
−−−−−−−−+2H+
Zn(OH)2 ↓amphoteres Hydroxid
+2OH–
−−−−−−−−+2H+
[Zn(OH)4]2–
Hydroxozikat
H C
H
H
C
H
O
\usepackage[version=3]mhchem % suXcient for chemical equations
\usepackagechemfig % for 2−D molecule drawings
...
\ceZn^2+ <=>[\ce+ 2OH-][\ce+ 2H+]
$\underset\textamphoteres Hydroxid\ceZn(OH)2 v$
<=> C[+2OH-][+ 2H+]
$\underset\textHydroxozikat\cf[Zn(OH)4]^2-$
\chemfigH-C(-[2]H)(-[6]H)-C(-[7]H)=[1]O
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 31 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Linguistics
(1) %*WenWhom
liebtloves
seinehis
Mutter?mother
‘Who does his mother love?’
(2) [[NP He ] [VP kicked [NP the ball ]]]S
S
NP
Pron
He
VP
V
kicked
NP
Det
the
N
ball
\usepackagelinguex,qtree
...
\exg. \%*Wen liebt seine Mutter?\\
Whom loves his mother\\
`Who does his mother love?'
\exi. [[NP He ] [VP kicked [NP the ball ]]]S
\Tree [ .S [.NP [.Pron He ] ] [.VP [.V kicked ] [.NP [.Det the ] [.N ball ]
→ ] ] ]
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 32 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Program Listings
\usepackagelistings,xcolor
...
\beginlstlisting
[language=C,columns=fullflexible,
basicstyle=\ttfamily,
keywordstyle=\bfseries\colorred,
commentstyle=\sffamily\colorgreen,
stringstyle=\rmfamily\colororange]
#include <stdio.h>
/*
| Prints "hello world"
*/
int main(void)
printf("hello, world\n");
return 0;
\endlstlisting
#include <stdio.h>
/∗| Prints "hello world"∗/int main(void)
printf("hello, world\n");return 0;
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 33 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Network Protocols
\usepackagebytefield
...
\beginbytefield16
\bitheader0,7,8,15 \\
\wordgrouprHeader
\bitbox4Tag & \bitbox12Mask \\
\bitbox8Source &
\bitbox8Destination
\endwordgroupr \\
\wordbox3Data
\endbytefield
0 7 8 15
Tag Mask
Source Destination
Header
Data
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 34 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Life Sciences
Vrst case (see text)↓
AQP1.PRO TLGLLLSCQISILRAVMYIIAQCVGAIVASAIL 112AQP2.PRO TVACLVGCHVSFLRAAFYVAAQLLGAVAGAAIL 104AQP3.PRO TFAMCFLAREPWIKLPIYTLAQTLGAFLGAGIV 112AQP4.PRO TVAMVCTRKISIAKSVFYITAQCLGAIIGAGIL 133AQP5.PRO TLALLIGNQISLLRAVFYVAAQLVGAIAGAGIL 105
↑second case (see text)
\usepackagetexshade % for nucleotide and peptide alignments
...
\begintexshadeAQPpro.MSF
\shadingmodesimilar
\threshold[80]50
\setends180..112
\hideconsensus
\featuretop193..93fill:$\downarrow$first case (see text)
\featurebottom198..98fill:$\uparrow$second case (see text)
\endtexshade
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 35 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Circuits and SI Units
B
20Ω
10Ω
vxS5vx5Ω
A
3.45× 104 V2 lm3 F−1
40 km/h, 85 km/h and 103 km/h
\usepackagesiunitx
\usepackage[siunitx]circuitikz
...
\begincircuitikz
\draw (0,0) node[anchor=east] B
to[short, o-*] (1,0) to[R=20<\ohm>, *-*] (1,2)
to[R=10<\ohm>, v=$v_x$] (3,2) -- (4,2)
to[ cI=$\frac\si\siemens5 v_x$, *-*] (4,0) -- (3,0)
to[R=5<\ohm>, *-*] (3,2)
(3,0) -- (1,0) (1,2) to[short, -o] (0,2) node[anchor=east]A
;\endcircuitikz
\SI3.45d4\square\volt\cubic\lumen\per\farad
\SIlist[per-mode=symbol]40;85;103\kilo\metre\per\hour
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 36 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Meh, What Good is That? Can’t Use it Anywhere Else.
Actually, you can.
\usepackage[active,tightpage]preview
\PreviewEnvironmenttexshade
...
\begintexshade
...
\endtexshade
Run pdflatex → cropped PDF containing only contents of texshade
gs -otexshade.png -sDEVICE=png16m -r200 -dTextAlphaBits=4
-dGraphicAlphaBits=4 texshade.pdf
Multiple environments → multi-page PDF
Use -otexshade%02d.png to get texshade01.png, texshade02.png, . . .
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 37 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Bar Codes
9 781860 742712 9 783865 411143
ISBN 978-3-86541-114-3
L E 2 8 H S 9 Z
\usepackageauto-pst-pdf % If running pdWatex; must use option−−shell−escape
\usepackagepstricks,pst-barcode
...
\beginpspicture
\psbarcodeMECARD:N:Malaysia Open Source Conference...eclevel=Lqrcode
\psbarcode9781860742712includetext guardwhitespaceean13
\psbarcode978-3-86541-114includetext guardwhitespaceisbn
\psbarcode[scalex=0.65,scaley=0.65]LE28HS9Zincludetextroyalmail
\psbarcodecolumns=2 rows=10pdf417
\endpspicture
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 38 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Graph Plots
101 102 103 104
10−5
10−4
10−3
10−2
10−1
Dof
L2Lmax
\usepackagepgfplots
...
\begintikzpicture
\beginloglogaxis[xlabel=Dof]
\addplot table[x=dof,y=L2]datafile.dat; \addlegendentry$L_2$;
\addplot table[x=dof,y=Lmax]datafile.dat; \addlegendentry$L_\textmax$;
\endloglogaxis
\endtikzpicture
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 39 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Spreadsheets(Seriously, use a proper spreadsheet application for complex stuU.)
Year ending Mar 31 2009 2008 2007
Revenue 14580.20 11900.40 8290.30
Cost of sales 6740.20 5650.10 4524.20
Gross proVt 7840.00 6250.30 3766.10
\STautoround*2
\beginspreadtabtabularl rrr
@Year ending Mar 31 & @2009 & @2008 & @2007\\ \hline
@Revenue & 14580.2 & 11900.4 & 8290.3\\
@Cost of sales & 6740.2 & 5650.1 & 4524.2\\ \cline2-4
@\emphGross profit & \STcopy>b2-b3 & &\\ \cline2-4
\endspreadtab
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 40 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Gantt Charts2010 2011
Preliminary Project 100% complete
Objective 1Task A
Task B
Objective 2Task A
Task B
\usepackagepgfgantt
...
\begintikzpicture
\beginganttchart[...settings...]16
\gantttitle20104 \gantttitle201112 \\
\ganttbar[progress=100]Preliminary Project14 \\
\ganttlink[link mid=.4]4254 \ganttlink[link mid=.159]4257
\ganttgroupObjective 1516 \\
\ganttbar[progress=4]Task A510 \\
\ganttlinkedbar[progress=0]Task B1116 \\
...
\endganttchart
\endtikzpicture
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 41 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Chess games
\usepackage[skaknew]%
skak,chessboard
...
\newgame
\mainline1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3.
→Bb5 a6
\chessboard[smallboard]
1 e4 e5 2 Nf3 Nc6 3 Bb5 a6
8 rZblkans7 ZpopZpop6 pZnZ0Z0Z5 ZBZ0o0Z04 0Z0ZPZ0Z3 Z0Z0ZNZ02 POPO0OPO1 SNAQJ0ZR
a b c d e f g h
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 42 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Crossword Puzzles
1
2 3 4
5
Across: 1 unit of measure
2 ∗ 5 sectioning unitDown: 1 η 3 unit of
measure 4 nonproportionalfont
\usepackagecwpuzzle
...
\beginPuzzle53
|* |* |[1]E|X |* |.
|[2]A|[3]S|T |* |[4]T|.
|* |[5]P|A |R |T |.
\endPuzzle
\beginPuzzleClues
\textbfAcross:
\Clue1EXunit of measure
\Clue2AST\(\ast\)
\Clue5PARTsectioning unit
\endPuzzleClues
\beginPuzzleClues
\textbfDown:
\Clue1ETA\(\eta\)
\Clue3SPunit of measure
\Clue4TTnonproportional font
\endPuzzleClues
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 43 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Song Books with Guitar Tabs
CountryC
road, take meG
home, to theAmplace I be
Flong.
West VirC
ginia, mountainG
momma, take meF
home, countryC
road.
\usepackagegchords,guitar
...
\beginguitar
\newcommand\CMaj\chordtn,p3,p2,n,p1,nC
\newcommand\Amin...
Country [\CMaj]road, take me [\GMaj]home, ...
\endguitar
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 44 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Contents
1 What are TEX, LATEX and Friends?
2 Document Types
3 Special Material
4 Wrapping Up
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 45 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Summary
LATEX
a document preparation systemprofessional quality typesetting output
Output artefacts
Academic: papers, theses, booksDedicated document typesDomain-speciVc material
Usage scenario
Direct authoringAutomatic generation (via scripts etc)As back-end of other applications
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 46 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Getting Help
Many free tutorials and e-books on the Web (beware of obsolete ones!)
Getting to Grips with LATEX. Andy Roberts.http://www.andy-roberts.net/misc/latex/
LATEX: Beautiful Typesetting. Lim Lian Tze.http://liantze.penguinattack.org/latextypesetting.html
LATEX and Friends. M.R.C. van Dongen.http://csweb.ucc.ie/~dongen/LaTeX-and-Friends.pdf
The LATEX WikiBook. http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX
Questions?
TEX FAQ. http://www.tex.ac.uk/cgi-bin/texfaq2html
TEX.SX. http://tex.stackexchange.com/
comp.text.tex usenet groupMalaysian LATEX User Group. http://latex-my.blogspot.com/
Arrange for training
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 47 / 48
Introduction Document Types Special Material Wrapping Up
Thank You
Questions?liantze@gmail.com
http://latex-my.blogspot.com
Lim Lian Tze | mosc 2011 48 / 48
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