lec1 introduction to semiconductors
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Basic ELECTRONICS
(2+1)ENGR MUHAMMAD SHAKEEL AKRAM
ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING FICT, BUITEMS.
GRADING POLICY
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Particulars GradingTheory
Mid Semester Examination 25%Final Semester Examination 50%Sessional Marks Class Interaction and Behavior Quizzes (3 – 4), Assignments (3- 4), Class Presentation (1)
25%
Total Grade: 100 %LAB
Lab Marks Evaluation Lab manual Lab performance and written
paper MCQ paper Lab Viva-voice Examination Term Project
100%
For this course, students are required to take random quizzes and research assignments throughout the semester. In addition, students are required to prepare and deliver a presentation at the end of semester, and have to provide one term project for lab. All these activities will be evaluated by the instructor. The following table summarizes the division of marks for the course:
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COURSE OUTLINEFundamentals of Semiconductor physics:
• Band theory• Semiconductors (intrinsic and extrinsic)• PN junction• PN junctions as a rectifier• Clipper and clamper circuits• Zener diode and voltage regulator• LED and LCD etc
Transistors:• Bipolar Junction transistors, • BJT biasing circuits• Q-point• BJT as a switch• BJT amplifiers• Classes of amplifiers• Power amplifiers• Metal oxide transistors• Nmos• PMOS • CMOS inverters circuits
Introduction to A/D and D/A conversion circuits:
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TEXT AND REFRENCE BOOK
Text Books:
1. Electronic devices, Floyd, 8th Edition 2. Introductory electronic devices and circuits (conventional
flow version) , Robert T Paynter, 7th edition
Reference books:
3. University Physics, Freedman. Young. 10th and higher editions.
4. College Physics, Resnick. Halliday. Krane. 6th and higher editions.
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION TO
SEMICONDUCTORS
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ATOMIC STRUCTUE
Atom • Smallest particle of element
having characteristics of that element.
• Bohar Model
Atomic Number • Number of Protons• Neutral atom have same
number of protons and electrons.
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ATOMIC STRUCTUE
Periodic Table
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ATOMIC STRUCTUE
Orbit and Shells• Each discrete distance (orbit)
from nucleus corresponds to certain energy level.
• Group of orbits is Shell (1, 2,3, …). Each shell has different energy
• Energy level increases as distance increases
• Maximum number of electrons in an orbit
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ATOMIC STRUCTUE Valence electrons
• Outer most shell (highest energy and low bonding) is called valence shell.
• And electrons in valence shell are called valence electrons
• Contribute to chemical reactions and bonding within the structure of a material
• Determines the electrical properties of atom
Ionization• Process of escaping of Valance electron if gets
enough energy• Positive ion• Negative ion
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ELECTRONICS MATERIALS
• Materials formed by the covalent bond of atoms by valence electrons.
• Atom can be represented by the valence shell and a core that consists of all the inner shells and the nucleus.
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ELECTRONICS MATERIALS
Insulator• Provides no electrical conduction• Tightly bound valence electrons• Good insulators are compounds• Rubber, Plastic, glass, mica, and quartz
Conductor• Provides electrical conduction• Loosely bound valence electrons• Good conductors are single element materials• Copper, silver, gold , aluminium
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ELECTRONICS MATERIALS
Semiconductors • Between insulator and conductor in its ability to
provide electrical conduction• Single element materials (Si, Ge, C) with 4
valence electrons• Compound materials (GaAs, InP) • NTC
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Assignment 1
1. Application of basic electronics in computer science? (Minimum 10 applications)
2. Number of conductors, insulators and semiconductors in periodic table also describe names?
3. Importance of semiconductors in basic electronics?
Date Assigned: Oct 13,2016 Due Date: Oct 20,2016
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Assignment 1
Format of assignment • Heading size (14, times new roman )• Description size (12, times new roman)• Description (must be justified (ctrl +j) )1. Front page ( buitems (full name), buitems logo, submitted to
(name and department), submitted by (name and department), etc.
2. Table of contents3. Table of figure 4. Introduction5. Theory (ans of assignment questions)6. Conclusion 7. References
Date Assigned: Oct 13,2016 Due Date: Oct 20,2016
No Plagiarism, no copy pasteZero Tolerance
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