lecture 2- chapter 1 introduction mobile communications jochen schiller
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7/16/2019 Lecture 2- Chapter 1 Introduction Mobile Communications Jochen Schiller
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Mobile Communications
Instructor
M. Naman ChaudharyMS(Multimedia and Communication)
Muhammad Ali Jinnah University Islamabad Campus
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A case for mobility many aspects
Wireless networks in comparison tofixed networks
Influence of mobile communication to
the layer model
Mobile CommunicationsChapter 1:Introduction
Jochen Schiller
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Computers for the next decades? Computers are integrated
small, cheap, portable, replaceable - nomore separate devices
Technology is in the background computer are aware of their environment
and adapt (locationawareness)
computer recognize the location of theuser and react appropriately (e.g., callforwarding, fax forwarding)
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Computers for the next decades? Advances in technology
more computing power in smaller devices
flat, lightweight displays with low powerconsumption
new user interfaces due to small dimensions
more bandwidth
multiple wireless interfaces: wireless LANs,wireless WANs, regional wirelesstelecommunication networks etc.
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Mobile communication Two aspects of mobility:
user mobility: users communicate
(wireless) anytime, anywhere, withanyone
device portability: devices can be
connected anytime, anywhere to thenetwork
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Mobile communication The demand for mobile communication
creates the need for integration of wireless
networks into existing fixed networks: local area networks: standardization of IEEE
802.11
Internet: Mobile IP extension of the internet
protocol IP wide area networks: e.g., internetworking of GSM
and ISDN
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Applications Vehicles
transmission of news, road condition, weather,
music via DAB personal communication using GSM
position via GPS
local ad-hoc network with vehicles close-by to
prevent accidents, guidance system, redundancy vehicle data (e.g., from busses, high-speed trains)
can be transmitted in advance for maintenance
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Applications Emergencies
early transmission of patient data to the
hospital, current status, first diagnosis replacement of a fixed infrastructure in
case of earthquakes, hurricanes, fire etc.
crisis, war, ...
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Typical application: road traffic
UMTS, WLAN,
DAB, DVB, GSM,
cdma2000, TETRA, ...
Personal Travel Assistant, Laptop,
GSM, UMTS, WLAN,
Bluetooth, ...
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Applications Traveling salesmen
direct access to customer files stored in a central
location consistent databases for all agents
mobile office
Replacement of fixed networks
remote sensors, e.g., weather, earth activities
flexibility for trade shows
LANs in historic buildings
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Applications Entertainment, education, ...
outdoor Internet access
intelligent travel guide with up-to-datelocation dependent information
ad-hoc networks for multi user games
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Location dependent services Location aware services
what services, e.g., printer, fax, phone, server etc.
exist in the local environment Follow-on services
automatic call-forwarding, transmission of theactual workspace to the current location
Information services push: e.g., current special offers in the
supermarket
pull: e.g., where is the Black Forrest Cherry Cake?
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Location dependent services Support services
caches, intermediate results, state
information etc.follow the mobile devicethrough the fixed network
Privacy
who should gain knowledge about thelocation
b l d
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Mobile devicesPager
receive only
tiny displays simple text
messages
Mobile phones
voice, data
simple graphical displays
PDA
graphical displays
character recognition simplified WWW
Palmtop
tiny keyboard
simple versions
of standard applications
Laptop/Notebook
fully functional
standard applications
Sensors,
embedded
controllers
www.scatterweb.net
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Effects of device portability
Power consumption limited computing power, low quality displays,
small disks due to limited battery capacity
CPU: Power Consumption
Loss of data higher probability, has to be included in advance
into the design (e.g., defects, theft)
Limited user interfaces compromise between size of fingers and
portability
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Effects of device portability
Limited memory
integration of character/voice recognition,
abstract symbols limited value of mass memories with
moving parts
flash-memory or ? as alternative
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Wireless systems: overview of the developmentcellular phones satellites
wireless LANcordless
phones
1992:GSM
1994:
DCS 1800
2001:IMT-2000
1987:
CT1+
1982:Inmarsat-A
1992:Inmarsat-B
Inmarsat-M
1998:
Iridium
1989:
CT 2
1991:
DECT 199x:proprietary
1997:
IEEE 802.11
1999:
802.11b, Bluetooth
1988:
Inmarsat-C
analogue
digital
1991:
D-AMPS
1991:
CDMA
1981:
NMT 450
1986:
NMT 900
1980:
CT0
1984:
CT1
1983:
AMPS
1993:
PDC
4G fourth generation: when and how?
2000:
GPRS2000:
IEEE 802.11a
200?:
Fourth Generation
(Internet based)
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Wireless networks incomparison to fixed networks
Higher loss-rates due to interference emissions of, e.g., engines, lightning
Restrictive regulations of frequencies frequencies have to be coordinated, useful
frequencies are almost all occupied
Low transmission rates
local some Mbit/s, regional currently, e.g.,53kbit/s with GSM/GPRS
Higher delays, higher jitter connection setup time with GSM in the second
range, several hundred milliseconds for otherwireless systems
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Wireless networks incomparison to fixed networks
Lower security, simpler active attacking
radio interface accessible for everyone,
base station can be simulated, thusattracting calls from mobile phones
Always shared medium
secure access mechanisms important
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Influence of mobile communication to the layer model
service location
new applications, multimedia
adaptive applications congestion and flow control
quality of service
addressing, routing,device location
hand-over authentication
media access
multiplexing
media access control
encryption
modulation
interference
frequency
Application layer
Transport layer
Network layer
Data link layer
Physical layer
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Next Lecture Plan
Modern Wireless Communication Systems 1st , 2nd and 3rd Generations
Wireless Communications Theodore S.Rappaport
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