lecture 25 brucella
Post on 11-May-2015
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GENUS: BRUCELLAProf. Khalifa Sifaw Ghenghesh
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Aerobic, Gram-negative bacilli Appear as cocci, coccobacilli and short
bacilli Non-motile, non-capsulate Optimum temp. >> 37oC Facultative intracellular parasites Essentially pathogens of goats,
Cattle, sheep and pigs Causative agents of Brucellosis (typical zoonosis) worldwide
Also known as Malta, Mediterranean or undulant fever
Important species B. melitensis >> goats & sheep B. abortus >> cattle B. suis >> pigs
Important: All 3 species can infect man and domestic animals
Brucella speciesgram-negative bacilli
Brucella abortus
PATHOGENESIS Incubation period: 10-30 days Symptoms may be delayed for months Enter the body through:
Skin abrasions, mucous membranes of the alimentary or respiratory tracts and sometimes the conjunctivae>> reach the blood through regional lymphatics.
Symptoms may vary without the fluctuating temperature to act as guide.
Bacteria localize in various parts of the reticulo-endothelial system resulting in complications in any part of the body.
Symptoms include: malaise, low-grade fever, lassitude, insomnia, irritability and swelling around the joints.
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
1. Blood Culture Specimen
Blood (10 ml volumes) Inoculate
Blood culture tubes or bottles (glucose-serum broth)
Incubate in 10% CO2
Cultures should be retained for at least 6-8 weeks before being discarded as negative
Brucella melitensis colonies
2. Serological Tests Standard agglutination test Mercaptoethanol test Complement fixation test Coobs’ test
3. Brucellin Skin Test
TREATMENT AND CONTROL
Combination of streptomycin and tetracycline or rifampicin and doxycycline
Vaccination of young cattle (6-8 months)
Pasteurization of milk or milk products
Eradication by compulsory testing animals and slaughtering positive reactors.
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