lecture 5 - procedures & intervention
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HCM 702 CONSERVATION PRINCIPLES AND THEORY
CONSERVATION PROCESS:
PROCEDURES & DEGREES
OF INTERVENTION
BY:
Ar. MOHD HAYAZI AGUSI
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CONTENTS
PROCEDURES OF INTERVENTION
1. MACRO LEVEL2. MICRO LEVEL
DEGREES OF INTERVENTION
1. PREVENTION OF DETERIORATION2. PRESERVATION OF EXISTING STATE
3. CONSOLIDATION OF FABRIC
4. RESTORATION
5. REHABILITATION
6. RECONSTRUCTION
7. RELOCATION
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Masjid Lama Kg. Kuala Dal (1976)
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PROCEDURES OF INTERVENTION
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PROCEDURE OF INTERVENTIONMACRO(ADOPTED FROM BURRA CHARTER 1999)
Understand Significance
1. Identify building / monument / place to be conserved and its associations
- secure it, make it safe
2. Gather & record information about building / monument / place, sufficient
to understand significance
- documentary, oral & physical
3. Assess significance
4. Prepare a statement of significance
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PROCEDURE OF INTERVENTIONMACRO(ADOPTED FROM BURRA CHARTER 1999)
Develop Policy
5. Identify obligations arising from significance
- what tasks to be taken by stakeholders
6. Gather information about other factors affecting the future of building /monument / place
- anticipate the possible risks / developments
- needs, resources, external factors, physical condition
7. Develop policy
- identify & consider options- test their impacts on significance
8. Prepare a statement of policy
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PROCEDURE OF INTERVENTIONMACRO(ADOPTED FROM BURRA CHARTER 1999)
Manage
9. Manage building / monument / place in accordance with policy
- develop strategies
- implement strategies through a management plan
- record prior to any change
10. Monitor & review
- flexibility
- priority
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Masjid Lama Kg. Kuala Dal: before conservation (2006)
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Main Principles of Building Conservation1. Minimise interventions / disturbances
- to structure & fabric
2. Undertake scientific research & lab testing
- materials, structural integrity
3. Documentation of conservation efforts
- report, method statement, illustrations
- for future reference, to be kept safe
4. Application of methods and techniques
- of proven efficacy
- improve condition but not to disturb authenticity
PROCEDURE OF INTERVENTIONMICRO(ADOPTED FROM THE FRAMEWORK OF HISTORICAL BUILDING CONSERVATION BY PROF. Dr. A GHAFAR AHMAD, USM)
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Work Programme of Building Conservation1. Preliminary research
- on reports & records of history, owners, occupants, architecture etc
- interviews with relevant parties
- to produce report for owners further actions: appoint steering committee &
consultants
PROCEDURE OF INTERVENTIONMICRO(ADOPTED FROM THE FRAMEWORK OF HISTORICAL BUILDING CONSERVATION BY PROF. Dr. A GHAFAR AHMAD, USM)
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Work Programme of Building Conservation2. Dilapidation survey
- materials, structural integrity etc
- multi-disciplinary, extensive, sometimes scientific- defects, causes, how to rectify
- measured drawings, illustrations
PROCEDURE OF INTERVENTIONMICRO(ADOPTED FROM THE FRAMEWORK OF HISTORICAL BUILDING CONSERVATION BY PROF. Dr. A GHAFAR AHMAD, USM)
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Work Programme of Building Conservation3. Preparation of tender document
- involvement of owner, steering committee and quantity surveyor to
scrutinise dilapidation survey- Bill of Quantity by QS
- other consultants to advise QS on scope of work, suitability of conservation
methods etc
- cost estimate could be reached
PROCEDURE OF INTERVENTIONMICRO(ADOPTED FROM THE FRAMEWORK OF HISTORICAL BUILDING CONSERVATION BY PROF. Dr. A GHAFAR AHMAD, USM)
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Work Programme of Building Conservation4. Building conservation works
- by experienced building conservation contractor
- he should have his own conservator as advisor & to liaise with consultants
- conservator to produce record, method statement, scientific report and lab
testing report
- regular site meeting
- contractor to follow principles of conservation
- to use method in Historical Architectural Building Survey (HABS) for
systematic recording of building before, during & after conservation effort
- HABS: 1 m2 grid system of surface recording
PROCEDURE OF INTERVENTIONMICRO(ADOPTED FROM THE FRAMEWORK OF HISTORICAL BUILDING CONSERVATION BY PROF. Dr. A GHAFAR AHMAD, USM)
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Work Programme of Building Conservation5. Heritage management
- periodical maintenance after conservation effort completes
- to consider other physical, social & economic factors surrounding building- to minimise impact from exposure to humans & environment
- through good management plan that involves all stake holders
PROCEDURE OF INTERVENTIONMICRO(ADOPTED FROM THE FRAMEWORK OF HISTORICAL BUILDING CONSERVATION BY PROF. Dr. A GHAFAR AHMAD, USM)
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Masjid Lama Kg. Kuala Dal: after conservation (2009)
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DEGREES OF INTERVENTION
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1. PREVENTION OF DETERIORATION
Control environment of cultural property
- prevent agents of decay/damage from becoming active
- need regular inspection
Control of internal humidity, temperature, light, measures to prevent fire, arson,
theft, vandalism, pollution, moisture
Reduction of atmospheric pollutants, noise, traffic vibration
Prevention of uneven ground settlements, rising damp
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2. PRESERVATION OF EXISTING STATE
To keep cultural property in existing state
Repairs if necessary to prevent further decay
To prevent damage caused by water, chemical agents, pests, micro-organisms
Example:
damage on roof tiles water leakage into building
repair roof to prevent decay of other materials
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3. CONSOLIDATION OF FABRIC
Physical addition or application into actual fabric of cultural property, ensure
continued durability / structural integrity
Supportive materials, injection of adhesive to secure detached material
Consolidation of existing materials to preserve strength of structural elements
must respect integrity of structural system and form
Modern approach over traditional skills and materials only if necessary, at
proper scale
Continuous repair and restoration for short-lived materials (mud, unbaked bricks,
wood)
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Kinabalu Park, Malaysia
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4. RESTORATION
To revive original concept or legibility of object
Must be based on original materials, archaeological evidence, original design,
authentic documents
Replacement to integrate with the whole, but still distinguishable from the old
Respect periodic contributions as historic documents
Revealing of underlying state of superimposed work of different periods must be
justified
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5. REHABILITATION
To keep building in use with a certain degree of adaptive alteration
Original use is the best
Examples:
- shophouses to boutique hotels & eateries- Asian Heritage Row
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6. RECONSTRUCTION
For buildings damaged by fire, earthquake, war, floods
Done based on accurate documentation and evidence
Examples:
- Candi Borobudur- Part of Fort Cornwallis
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7. RELOCATION
Buildings moved to new site due to disturbance at
existing site
- floods, erosion, development
Examples:
- Masjid Kg. Laut- Rumah Penghulu Abu Seman
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Gunung Mulu National Park, Malaysia
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THANK YOU
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ASSIGNMENT
Group of 3
Select a listed heritage building in Peninsular Malaysia
Present and submit report on:
1. Basic facts & images
2 History
3. Architecture4. Functions
5. Assess associated problems and potentials
6. Propose a heritage management plan, to be based on any Charters
Propose a heritage mgmt plan to be based on any charters: 1) best usage of
bldg 2) how to contrl visitors coming in 3) how to have progressive/periodical
maintenance (to produce manual) 4) how to make bldg adaptable to current +future devlpmt
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