lesson 2: latin american independence lesson questions: how did latin america achieve independence...

Lesson 2: Latin American Independence

Lesson Questions: How did Latin America achieve independence from Spain and Portugal? What obstacles did new Latin American nations face in the 19th century?

Lesson Objectives: The students will understand the general causes of Latin American independence in the early 19th century. The students will also understand the basic obstacles in Latin American societies to building stable, democratic nations.

Latin American Independence 1810 – 1830

1. Colonial Conditions: Centralized Government

Dependency and ResentmentPolitical Inexperience

CatholicismSocietal Divisions

Race, region, class 2. Causes of Independence:

American Revolution 1776-1783French Revolution 1789-1799Haitian Revolution 1799-1804Napoleon’s Invasion of Portugal 1807 and Spain 1808

Creoles vs. PeninsularesJuntas

3. Four Theaters

Mexico

Father Miguel de Hidalgo d. 1811

Augustin de Iturbide (Emperor: 1821)

Northern So. America

Simon Bolivar 1783-31

Gran Columbia 1819 - 1831

Southern So. America

Jose de San Martin 1778-1850

United Provinces of Rio de la Plata 1816 = Argentina 1826

Brazil

Pedro I 1822

Empire of Brazil 1822-1889

 4. 50 Years of Turmoil 1830 – 1880

Creole Leaders: Liberal vs. Conservatives

Personalist Leaders: caudillos

Underdevelopment

19th century British Protection

Raw Materials and Markets

Mexican Empire 1821-1830

Gran Columbia 1819-1831

United Provinces of Rio de La Plata 1816

Empire of Brazil 1822-1889

Latin American Reading Notes

According to Simon Bolivar, what are the challenges facing Latin America after independence?

According to Sarmiento, what have been the main problems with Latin American revolutions?

Lesson Questions: How did Latin America achieve independence from Spain and Portugal? What obstacles did new Latin American nations face in the 19th century?