liceo classico gonzaga milano science course from prokaryotes to eukaryotes teacher maria elena...

Liceo classico “Gonzaga”Milano

Science course

From Prokaryotes to Eukaryotes

Teacher

Maria Elena Scortecci

UTILIZZARE SPAZIO PER INSERIRE FOTO/IMMAGINE DI RIFERIMENTO LEZIONE

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Microscope

diafragm and condenser lens

stage

revolver

eye pieces

focus knob

light source

Scientific classification

Prokaryotes(bacteria and archaea)

• unicellular (cell size 1-10 µm)• no nucleus (karyon) and

organelles• special cell wall• single circular cromosome +

plasmids• aerobic or anaerobic• reproduction by fission

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Scientific classification

Eukaryotes(amoeboroa, fungi, animalia, plantae)

• uni-multicellular (cell size 10-100 µm)

• several pairs of chromosomes in a nucleus

• many organelles

• only aerobic• sexual reproduction

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How to observe cells

microscope slides

pipettes

waterdye (i.e. methylene blue)

paddle

coverslips

blotting paper

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Eukaryotes animalia(human buccal mucosa)

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• round cells• small blue

nucleus• cytoplasmic

membrane• cytoplasm • organelles

Prokaryotes bacteria(lactobacillus) from yoghurt

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• very small cells: 2 µm long

• form filaments• metabolize

lactose• produce lactic

acid• no organelles

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Eukaryotes fungi (saccharomyces cerevisiae) from brewer yeast

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• oval cells• nucleuses• dividing cells by

budding• use glucose to

produce energy, breathing oxigen

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Eukaryotes plantae(pelargonium)

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• prismatic cells in mutual contact• stiff• typical organelles: chloroplasts,

chromoplasts, amyloplasts• no dye, because they are naturally

stained cells• photosynthetic cells:

CO2 + H2O glucose + oxygen

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Eukaryotes plantae

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cyclamen leaves, with stomata and puzzle shape

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Eukaryotes plantae

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onion cell

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Eukaryotes plantae

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stomata cells in Setcrasea

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Eukaryotes plantae

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tracheides in fennel

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