linux basics (part 2)
Post on 16-Apr-2017
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PowerPoint Presentation
Linux Basics
Part 2
VIM Editor
vi improved
Installed on most Linux machines
Can be a bit confusing at first...
Cheat sheets FTW
Other popular editors:
emacs
nano
GREG
Networking
Commands:
ifconfig
netstat
route
ifup / ifdown
traceroute
mtr
Configuration setup different based on distro
DHCP vs. static
LANCE
SSH: Secure Shell
Secure Remote Shell
Encrypted
Replaced un-secure rsh, rlogin, and telnet
Useful tricks
Port forwarding
SOCKS proxy server
Remote command automation
Remote X applications
Copy files securely
GREG
SSH Keys
Public/Private key authentication
No password over the wire
ssh-agent passwordless logins
ssh-keygen
RSA vs DSA
Remote script automation
GREG
Package Management
Contains files for a package (binaries, documentation, etc.), install scripts, and metadata about the package
Picture Flickr user 'retail-packaging'
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Benefits of Packages
Easy to manage (install, upgrade, remove)
Central database tracks all installed packages on a system
yum/apt (or similar tools) handles dependency resolution
Package repositories make it easy to find/install common software
Included/official repos vs. external repos
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Package Dependencies
What does this package need in order to run?
some other package? A certain (version of a) library?
What does this package provide?
ie. binary, library, etc.
Simplifies package installation
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Some Examples
# Searching for a package
yum search php
apt-cache search php
#Installing a packageyum install php
apt-get install php# List all files from a package
rpm -ql php
dpkg-query -L php# Updating all packages
yum update
apt-get upgrade
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Services
Background processes serving something
Examples: http, email, mysql, etc
Automatically start when Linux boots
Picture Lance Albertson
GREG
Serving a Website
LAMP stack
Apache
PHP/Perl/etc
Database
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Apache: Web Server
Easy to configure and use
Very dynamic in uses
Modular
Widely used
GREG
Apache: virtual hosts
Multiple websites on the same server
IP-based vs. Named-based
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Mysql: Database server
Most commonly used database with webapps
/etc/my.cnf config
/var/lib/mysql data files
Other Databases:
postgresql
sqlite
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Caching
High Traffic sites
Database caching
Memcached
Op-code caching
Static content caching
Configuration Management
Infrastructure programming language
Defining your infrastructure
Puppet
CFEngine
Chef
Wordpress Install
Setup MySQL & Apache
Create Virtual Host
Create Database & user
Unpack tarball
Go to website
LANCE
Questions?
source:http://xkcd.com/456/
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