los tiempos pasados past tenses spanish has 2 past tenses: –preterite completed past actions...

Los tiempos pasados

Past tenses

• Spanish has 2 past tenses:– Preterite

• completed past actions• action has specific beginning,

ending, or duration• sudden or abrupt actions

– Imperfect• habitual actions• ongoing past actions• the action has no clear

beginning or end

El PreteritoRegular

El pretérito• Completed actions

– She ate the cheeseburger.

• Specific beginning, ending or duration– We went to bed at 9:00.

• Sudden or abrupt – I found out the truth.

Expresiones utiles• anoche = last night• anteayer = the day before

yesterday• ayer = yesterday• de repente = suddenly• el (la) ______ pasado(a)

= last _______

-ar

é

asteó

amos

aron

-er / -ir

í

isteió

imos

ieron

He talked

HablarHablHabló

You ran

corrercorrcorriste

They prepared

prepararpreparprepararon

What’s the difference?

HabloHabló

I speak

he spoke

¡Practiquemos!• llegar, Alicia y sus

amigos• entrar, nosotros• recibir, Maricela• anunciar, la tienda• encontrar, yo• gastar, todos• vender, ud.

llegaron

entramos

recibió

anunció

encontrégastaron

vendió

Stem-changing verbsSOLE verbs

No –ar or –er verbs

Stem-change –ir verbs

3rd person only

Change e-i / o-u

It has to be a stem-changing (shoe) verb!

Stem-changing verbs

pedípedimos

pedistepidiópidieron

pedir to ask for, order

Verbs like pedir

• advertir (ie)=to point out/warn• convertir (ie) = to convert • divertirse (ie)= to have fun • medir (i) = to measure• mentir (ie) = to lie • repetir• servir

Stem-changing verbs

dormí dormimosdormistedurmió durmieron

Like dormir: morir to die

Dormir to sleep

Spelling changes-car/-gar/-zar

-gar

-car

-zar

changes

changes

changes

-qué

-gué

-cé

These changes only

happen in the yo form

Pronunciation issues!

-car

busqué buscamosbuscastebuscó buscaron

Buscar to look for

-gar

llegué llegamosllegastellegó llegaron

Llegar to arrive

-zar

almorcé almorzamosalmorzastealmorzó almorzaron

Almorzar to eat lunch

Spelling changes3-vowel rule verbs

• -er and –ir verbs only– Must have a stem that

ends in a vowel

• Change i to y in 3rd person• Add accents to tú and

nosotros forms (except on –uir verbs)

3-vowel rule verbs

leí leímosleísteleyó leyeron

Leer to read

3-vowel rule verbs

construí construimosconstruisteconstruyó construyeron

construir to build

No extra accents!

• caer(se) = to fall• concluir = to conclude• construir = to build• creer = to believe• destruir = to destroy• distribuir = to distribute• huir = to flee• incluir = to include• oír = to hear• poseer = to have, possess

3-vowel rule verbsothers

3-vowel rule verbsLooks like one, but isn’t

seguí seguimosseguistesiguió siguieron

Seguir to follow, continue

It is a stem-changing verb!

• conseguir = to obtain• perseguir = to pursue

Compounds with seguir