lt. gilbert kohlenberg, 1945 · this story is dedicated to the men and women of the 79th field...

Lt. Gilbert Kohlenberg, 1945

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This story is dedicated to the men and women of the 79th Field Hospital

and their mascots, Sad Sack, Butch, and Harvey.

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All royalties from the sale of this book will support the 79th Field Hospital Schol-

arship at Truman State University. This endowed scholarship was established in

2000 by Mary Jane Kohlenberg in honor of her late husband, Gilbert, and the men

and women who served in the 79th Field Hospital during World War II.

Every effort has been made by the author and publisher to ascertain correct spell-

ings of names and correct ranks of the individuals mentioned in this book. Any

comments, corrections, or additions may be addressed to the publisher, Truman

State University Press, 100 E. Normal St., Kirksville, Missouri, 63501 (E-mail:

tsup@truman.edu).

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Contents

Illustrations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix

Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv

Time Line for the 79th Field Hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvi

Before Military Life: Our College Days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

Serving in the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Three Army Mascots: Sad Sack, Butch, and Harvey . . . . . . . . . 30

Life as a Navy WAVE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

England . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

Germany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

Army Athletic Staff School . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

Germany Again . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

Southern France . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

Back in the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122

Appendix 1: History of the 79th Field Hospital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

Appendix 2: Terms Used in the Medical Administration Corps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149

Appendix 3: Fairmont Army Air Field Roster, 1943 . . . . . . . . . . 151

Appendix 4: Camp Sibert, Alabama Roster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155

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viii

Hospital on the Move

Appendix 5: Personnel Changes after V-E Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158

Bibliography . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159

Name Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167

Subject Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175

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Illustrations

1. Lt. Gilbert Kohlenberg, 1945. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

2. Bases and sites of 79th Field Hospital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xviii

3. Route of the 79th Field Hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix

4. U.S. Military map showing movement of Armies in 1945 . . . . xx

5. Mementos from first meeting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

6. Shurtleff College commencement program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

7. Cover of a fold-up postcard sent from Camp Barkeley. . . . . . . . 7

8. Medic’s Work featured in Fairmont Station newsletter . . . . . . 12

9. Nurses and officers of 79th Field Hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18

10. Enlisted men of 79th Field Hospital. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19

11. Enlisted men of Headquarters Unit, 79th Field Hospital . . . . . 21

12. “That Men May Live” booklet cover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

13. Charles W. Morgan and Sad Sack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

14. Roy Luther with Harvey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31

15. Ens. Mary Jane Walker leading WAVES, 1944 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

16. Ens. Mary Jane Walker and assistants, 1944 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

17. Ens. Mary Jane Walker with other Navy officers, 1944 . . . . . . . 38

18. Newspaper announcement of promotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

19. Constitution Avenue, Washington, D.C., 1944 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

20. Entrance to Chesterfield Estate campsite, February 1945 . . . . 45

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x


21. Rows of Nissen huts on the Chesterfield Estate, 1945 . . . . . . . 46

22. 2nd Lt. Gilbert C. Kohlenberg at campsite, 1945 . . . . . . . . . . . 47

23. Section of Tower of London hit by a bomb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

24. 2nd Lt. Kohlenberg leading the 79th, 1945 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49

25. Scrip issued for use in Germany during WWII. . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

26. Scrip issued for use in France during WWII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

27. Personnel train from Toul, France, to Ludwigshafen . . . . . . . . 55

28. Clipping from the

Stars and Stripes

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

29. Building ruins in Ludwigshafen, 1945 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

30. Saint Mary’s Hospital, Ludwigshafen, 1945. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

31. Building used as bomb shelter in Ludwigshafen, 1945. . . . . . . 62

32. Lt. Gilbert C. Kohlenberg, June 1945 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67

33. Traveling Germans, by the Neckar River, June 1945 . . . . . . . . . 73

34. Enlisted men of the 79th Field Hospital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

35. Campsite, Arles Staging Area (“The Dust Bowl”), 1945. . . . . . 80

36. Handbill advertising Monte Carlo excursion, 1945 . . . . . . . . 105

37. Recreational guidebook prepared for soldiers, 1945. . . . . . . . 108

38. Cover of information leaflet for returning GIs . . . . . . . . . . . 122

39. Wedding portrait, 1945 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

40. Civilians Kohlenberg, 1947 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133

41. Flyleaf of 1945 copy of

Up Front

by Bill Mauldin . . . . . . . . . . 135

42. Martin W. Miller as young soldier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137

43. Martin W. Miller playing organ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142

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Preface

Set against the backdrop of World War II,

this book recon-structs life with the 79th Field Hospital, the first Army field hospitalthat was attached to an army. This account follows Lt. GilbertKohlenberg, my late husband, from the hospital’s organization inSeptember 1944 at Camp Ellis, Illinois, to its deactivation there inAugust 1946.

Gilbert served in the Medical Administration Corps as battalioncommander of the 79th Field Hospital. He wrote eighty-five lettersto me between January 1945 to August 1945. He collected news clip-pings, European editions of GI newspapers, photographs, and otheritems which he planned to use to write a story about the 79th.

A half century after the war, the unexpected death of Gilbert, on15 November 1996, brought Sgt. Martin W. Miller to call on me.Miller served with Gilbert and had been secretary to the com-manding officer. Miller convinced me to write the story Gilbertalways wanted to tell. In addition to Miller’s suggestions that I writethe story of the 79th Field Hospital, I found in one of Gilbert’s lettershis intent to do so.

27 June 1945Near Arles, France

I am keeping all of my letters in my footlocker so I’ll havethem when I finish my world duty tour, courtesy of UncleSam. Do you have all of my pictures and negatives I’ve sent

to you? I want to make a book of them.

I had indeed saved the cards, letters, and photos Gilbert had sentme. My own letters to him—and others Gilbert had saved— were

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xii


lost with other possessions of the 79th Field Hospital that wereshipped to the Philippines, because the 79th was en route to thePacific Theater of Operations when V-J Day occurred.

Friends often ask how an emerita mathematics professor couldwrite this story. In reply, I say that I approached the project much asI approach mathematical problems: first I sorted the sources ofinformation. Next, I decided I needed to answer certain questions,such as • What was the role of a field hospital in World War II?• Where would I find the history of the Seventh Army, to which

the 79th Field Hospital was attached?• Which of Gilbert’s letters were written during the time he served

in the 79th Field Hospital of the Seventh Army?• Where would I find a roster of the 79th Field Hospital?• How was I to match Gilbert’s letters with the history of the 79th?Thus began my immersion in the evolution of Army field hospitalsin general, the story of the 79th Field Hospital in particular, and themovements of the Seventh Army under Lt. Gen. Alexander McCar-rell Patch in France and Germany between January and August of1945.

Fortunately, Gilbert had collected a significant amount of refer-ence material. In his office, I found a book which gave a cleardescription of the role and history of field hospitals:

That Men MightLive: The Story of the Medical Services in World War II–ETO

, by Gen.Paul R. Hawley, chief surgeon of military medical services. When theUnited States entered World War II, field hospitals were formed totreat our wounded on the battlefield instead of transporting them todistant medical facilities in Allied countries. Since field hospitalsmoved with the armies to which they were attached, battle casualtieswere treated immediately and mortality was decreased.

It was while the 79th Field Hospital was moving in the EuropeanTheater of Operations (ETO) that Gilbert wrote the letters that arepreserved in this book. It should be noted that for security reasons,letters from battlefields were censored before they were mailed.Locations and movements of troops were sensitive information, so

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Preface

xiii

Gilbert only listed his location as “Somewhere in France” or “Some-where in Germany.” My next task, then, was to organize his letters bytime and place. Since the 79th existed from 1944 to 1946 and wasattached to the Seventh Army in France until V-E Day, it was simpleenough to cross-reference the dates of Gilbert’s letters with dates onrecently unclassified reports of the 79th’s activities. I constructed adate-and-place chart for the 79th Field Hospital and the SeventhArmy using the World War II history books in Gilbert’s office andthe resources of the Truman State University ROTC history library. Ialso verified my chart with Sgt. Miller’s diary, which he had used towrite reports for Lt. Col. Harvey E. Gaynes, the commanding officer.

In 1973, a fire at the National Personnel Records Center in St.Louis destroyed about 80 percent of the records for Army personneldischarged between 1 November 1912 and 1 January 1960, so Ineeded to find another source of information about personnel of the79th. Through correspondence with various government agencies, Ilearned that the 79th had sent reports to the Surgeon General’s officein Washington, D.C., and copies of those reports are available fromthe National Archives. This made it easier to obtain specific informa-tion about the operation of the unit, as well as a listing of personnelpromotions and transfers. I sent a check for $55 to the NationalArchives, and about eight weeks later I received 191 pages of reportswith Lt. Kohlenberg’s name as adjutant.

No World War II story is complete without photographs. Gilberthad left a collection of photos, and Sgt. Miller sent more. Some ofthe photographs have names on them, but two large photos of the79th—one of enlisted personnel and one of officers—do not. Thepuzzle about who is who in the photographs was solved in part whenRonda Russell, granddaughter of Pfc. Lonnie Clark of the 79th,found the officers’ photo among her grandparents’ possessions, andtraced Lt. Kohlenberg. She sent me the photo of the officers, withnames written on the back. I was not able, however, to determinenames for the large photo of enlisted personnel.

Sgt. Miller, as secretary to the commanding officer, kept a diaryas a reference for writing official reports. Sgt. Miller’s diary is

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xiv


included in its entirety as appendix 1 (see p. 137). Miller also put mein contact with Pfc. Karl Deeter, who wrote a vivid description of thesoldiers’ reactions on V-J Day (see p. 121).

Other small pieces of information—such as news clippings andWorld War II maps of France and Germany with cities circled—alsoplayed a role in my writing the story of the 79th Field Hospital.

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Acknowledgments

I wish to thank the National Archives in Washington, D.C., forsending copies of the 79th Field Hospital’s adjutant reports to theSurgeon General. This helped construct a partial roster and com-plete the story. I am grateful to a number of individuals and librarieswho helped write this story: Sgt. Martin Miller, whose diary andautobiography were invaluable, as were his many photos and otheradvice; Pfc. Karl Deeter, who wrote about V-J Day on the Atlanticand life at Camp Sibert after the ETO, and the Army ROTC atTruman State University for the use of reference books about theSeventh Army and health services in 1945 in the ETO. Other librariescontributed to my research of the 79th’s military posts. PicklerMemorial Library at Truman State University obtained informationthrough interlibrary loan about Camp Sibert, Alabama; Camp Ellis,Illinois; and Fort Sheridan, Illinois. Virginia Johnson, referencelibrarian at the public library in Taunton, Massachusetts, found theinformation regarding Camp Myles Standish. Laurie Sauer, refer-ence librarian at Knox College in Galesburg, Illinois, assisted withinformation regarding Mayo General Hospital.

Last, but not least, I thank my typists: Dan Jordan, a TrumanState University student, and Paulina Tramel, a staff member ofTruman State University. Thanks also to Paula Presley, director ofthe Truman State University Press, who answered numerous ques-tions throughout the writing of this story.

I am fortunate to be able to tell this story of the 79th Field Hos-pital because Lt. Kohlenberg was part of the unit from its beginningat Camp Ellis, Illinois, to its decommissioning. As the 79th FieldHospital’s last officer in 1946, he was responsible for its deactivationin Galesburg, Illinois.

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xvi

Time Line for the 79th Field Hospital

Date Event

1944

21 September 79th Field Hospital organized, at Camp Ellis, Illinois

22 September 79th Field Hospital activated

7 November Leaves Camp Ellis for Fort Knox, Kentucky

26 November Transfer to Camp Sibert, Alabama

21 December Transfer to England on SS

Cristobal

1945

8 January Arrives in Plymouth, England. Transfer to Shillingstone, England

15 January Begins training in England

19 March Leaves Shillingstone for Southampton, England, for move to France

26 March Boards SS

Sobieski

and departs for LeHavre, France

27 March Arrives Le Havre, France, and moves to Camp Twenty Grand, near Rouen, France

1 April Reassignment to CONAD (Communications Zone, Advance District)

8 April Leaves Camp Twenty Grand for Germany, later Toul, France

9-12 April Uses military academy for a hospital in Toul; twelve-hour passes issued after Roosevelt’s death

15 April Part of 79th moves to Ludwigshafen, Germany

16 April Remaining personnel and equipment moves to Ludwigshafen

17 AprilA 400-bed station hospital established at a modern Catholic hospital; nuns live on the top four floors. Nearby city hospital accepts German staff and patients.

18 April Receives first Army patients.

29–30 April Seventh Army enters Munich, Germany, and continues toward Innsbruck, Austria

7 May War ends in Europe, with treaty signed at Reims, France

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Time Line for the 79th Field Hospital

xvii

28 May Saint Mary’s Hospital at Ludwigshafen returned to Catholic Church. 79th Field Hospital goes to Mannheim

22 June Remaining members of 79th board trains for Arles, France, and the Dust Bowl staging area

July Five-day passes for R and R in Cannes and Monaco

11 August Male personnel board USS

General Richardson

at Marseilles, France, for Manila

13 August Passes Rock of Gibraltar

14 August Japan surrenders and ship turns around in Atlantic Ocean

20 August Arrives in Boston

23–24 August All personnel of the units proceed to reception stations nearest their homes, where they are placed on thirty-day leaves

30 September First soldier reports for duty at Camp Sibert, Alabama

29 October The 79th is ordered to Mayo General Hospital in Galesburg, Illinois, for extended training

2 November Remaining members of 79th arrive at Mayo General Hospital

13 December All personnel eligible for discharge are sent to their separation centers. Many changes are made in unit.

1946

14 August What is left of 79th Field Hospital Unit is deactivated at Camp Ellis, Illi-nois. Adjutant Lt. Gilbert C. Kohlenberg is the unit’s last officer.

Date Event

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xviii


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Maps of the 79th Field Hospital

xix

Route of 79th Field Hospital from New York to ETO and back to Boston

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xx


U.S. Military map showing movement of Armies in 1945. The 79th Field Hospital was attached to the Seventh Army, under Gen. Patch.

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1

Before Military Life: Our College Days

1939

At age eighteen, I graduated with honors

from Alton SeniorHigh School in Alton, Illinois, the only child of middle-class parents.My father, R. Lisle Walker, worked for Owens Illinois Glass Com-pany and my mother, Maud Marie Walker, was a homemaker. Mymother was a firm believer in education and an avid reader; she eventook college literature classes when she could. Her love of literatureand education had a great influence on my decision to go to college.

Before high school graduation, a recruiter from nearby ShurtleffCollege visited my family and told us that my high grades made meeligible for an academic scholarship, which would pay for tuitionand books. Shurtleff was a liberal arts school founded in 1827 by agroup of Northern Baptists in Upper Alton, Illinois. (After WorldWar II, the college was sold to Southern Illinois University for use asa dental school, which still exists.)

In the fall of 1939, I entered Shurtleff, where I majored in math-ematics and minored in chemistry, because these subjects were eas-iest for me in high school. My father had wanted me to become anengineer, since that was his area of interest, but my mother said thatwasn’t a “proper” career for a woman.

My studies went well that fall. I lived at home and drove thefamily car or rode the bus to classes. Although I wasn’t living oncampus, I became close friends with some of the women who livedin the dormitory.

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2


1940

One night that winter, on 27 February 1940, the Shurtleff Collegebasketball team was playing the team at nearby Principia College. Irode to the game with one of my best friends, Virginia Spangenberg,who dated one of the basketball players, Vince Shank.

When the game ended, Virginia abruptly announced she had adate with Vince and would see me later. She left so fast, I was speech-less. I stood there wondering how I was going to get home. Just then,Vince’s roommate, Gilbert Kohlenberg, appeared by my side andasked if I needed a ride home. He seemed like a nice senior, so as adeserted freshman, I accepted his offer. Soon after, we were dating.

Mementos from the first meeting between Gilbert Kohlenberg and Mary Jane Walker


Before Military Life

3

Some years later, Gilbert confessed that the Principia event was setup beforehand as a way for him to date me.

Gilbert and I both worked during the week and on Saturdays tohelp with school expenses, so our dates were usually on Sundays. Weenjoyed big bands, stage shows, the Muny Opera, and other activitiesin St. Louis. We even went on dance excursions on the new riverboatthere, the

President

. That spring, we attended Gilbert’s senior prom. Gilbert seemed

ill and it turned out he had the mumps. Fortunately, I had alreadyhad the mumps, so I was immune. Soon Gilbert would graduatefrom Shurtleff, second in his class—almost first. Sick with themumps, however, Gilbert missed his own commencement, althoughI attended to cheer along with his friends and family when his namewas announced.

Shurtleff College commencement program


4


1941

Gilbert had two younger brothers and a sister, all of whom lived athome with their parents on a farm south of Bunker Hill, Illinois. Gil-bert knew that farm life was not for him, and it motivated him towork his way through college. The summer after he graduated, heworked in the powder mill at Western Cartridge Company in EastAlton to earn money for graduate school. In the fall, Gilbert enteredgraduate school at Washington University in St. Louis, where hemajored in European history.

Gilbert borrowed his parents’ Ford four-door sedan for ourdates. On the night of 7 December 1941, we were listening to theradio as we were returning to Alton from St. Louis. A newsannouncer interrupted the music to say that President Roosevelt hada message. We then heard the President solemnly announce, “We areat war with Japan.” The President said Pearl Harbor had beenbombed and our Pacific Naval Fleet had been destroyed. Gilbertlooked at me in the darkness and said, “That’s it.” Both of us realizedthen things would never be the same.

1942

By the next summer, I was ill from working forty-eight hours a weekin a chemistry lab at Western Cartridge, where I tested explosivesand metals. I was working full time, going to college full time, get-ting home at midnight every night, and not eating well. On theadvice of my physician, I quit working and concentrated on school.That fall, I transferred to the University of Illinois–Urbana as asenior.

Gilbert graduated in the spring of 1942 with a master of artsdegree and then reported to the draft board to enlist in the Army. InOctober, Gilbert left for the Army and reported to Jefferson Barracksin St. Louis.


5

Serving in the United States

Jefferson Barracks, Missouri

Gilbert Kohlenberg reported to Jefferson Barracks

Induc-tion Center on 28 October 1942. Located in Saint Louis, JeffersonBarracks is one of the oldest military sites in the United States. It wasestablished in 1826 to serve as a supply post for settlers moving west.Many of those settlers arrived via the Mississippi River on boats andthen formed wagon trains in St. Louis for the westward trip.

Recently, the area has undergone restoration and is now a pop-ular tourist site and the location of St. Louis County History Out-reach programs for schools. The 1857 Powder Magazine has becomea historical museum. Other buildings added to the restoration arethe ordnance building, laborer’s house, and a horse building datingfrom 1851. In addition to its attraction for tourists and students, Jef-ferson Barracks functions as a large military cemetery, where morethan seventy thousand Americans are buried. Military people anddependents may still apply for burial there.

Pvt. Gilbert Kohlenberg settled quickly into his first duty station.As a recent college graduate with course work in psychology, Gilbertwas assigned to administer psychological tests to the new recruits. Abasic question he asked each new recruit was the name of the river inview of Jefferson Barracks. He was often amazed that many of therecruits did not know it was the mighty Mississippi River.

Gilbert soon realized there was not much of a future in this posi-tion, so he investigated other assignments. He learned that since hehad a master’s degree, he could apply for Medical AdministrationCorps (MAC) School at Camp Barkeley, Texas. Upon completion ofMAC School, he became an officer in a unit with a rich and proudhistory. The U.S. Army Medical Department, as it is now known, wasfounded on 27 July 1775, when the Continental Congress created a


163

Name Index

Every effort has been made to ascertain correct names and ranks ofindividuals in this book. See p. vi to notify publisher of corrections.

Military rank is not included with individuals' names. When the firstname was not known, the last known military rank appears in paren-theses.

Illustrations are indicated by

bold

numbers.

A

Adalman (Maj.), 155Adame, Jose E., 154Alberici, Joseph, 154Alson (1st Lt.), 155Anderson, Carleton E., 156Anderson, Edna E., 151, 152Arbaugh, George L., 154Archer, Stella Belle, 152Arps, Harold F.,

21,

156

B

Barbaro (1st Lt.), 155Barns (1st Lt.), 155Bartko, Michael S., 153Barton, Charles N., 156Baumgartner, Kermit, 152Bavolak, Mary, 152Bell, Carl A., Jr., 156Bemis (Maj.), 130Benoit, Garvey J., 153Bernardo, Richard J., 154Beyer, Donald F., 154Bill (1st Lt.), 158Blanchard, Harold M., 153Bogdan, Eugene J., 153Bohan (Maj.), 155Bohen (Capt.), 126, 155Bolen, Gerald E., 156Botx, Robert L., Jr., 156

Boyer, Edward, 153Brabec, Marian, 152Braden, Neal S., 156Bradwell, Dorothy, 152Brauksieck (1st Lt.), 155, 158Breuer, Albert, 154Bridewell, Harold E., Jr., 153Bridges, Aaron R., 153Brower, Cora, 152Brown, Eugene W., 153Brown, Glenn C., 153Brunsen, Lorene, 152Bulmash, Louis, 151Bumgarner, DeLoris, 152Burkhardt, Carl, Jr., 156

C

Cadenhead, Sherwood J., 153Caplow, Sheldon R., 156Carpenter (Maj.), 155Caufmann, Frank P., 154Cavallo, Anthony, 152, 153Cecchini, William, 156Cesa, Ralph J., 154Chandler, Dove, 151Chapman (1st Lt.), 155Chipman, Robert L., 154Ciaccio (Lt.), 126, 155Clark, Andrew J., Jr., 153Clark, Lonnie F., 153, 156

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164


Cleary, John J., 151Cochrane, Robert H., Jr., 151Coffin, Jean,

18

Coffman, Thomas L., 156Cohen, David B., 156Cohn (Capt.), 155, 158Coles (1st Lt.), 155, 158Coli, Armand F., 156Colona, Jerry, 95, 96Conger, Bob, 9Corrigan, Betty A.,

18,

152Corton, Henry, 156Cosand, Carl T., 156Cottrell, Mart J., 156Cousin, Martin,

18

Cros, Calvin C., 153Crouch, Thomas H.,

18,

151Cultrone, Frank T., 151

D

Dagget, Charles F., 154Darby, John S., 126, 129, 147, 148.155Davidson, Robert L., 156De Feo, Pasquale C., 153Dean, Lela, 152Decious, Ralph, 154Deeter, Karl W., 121, 145, 156, xiv, xvDelany, Jr. (Maj.), 155Deprey, Milford J., 154Dewey, Thomas E., 138Di Cicco, Louis L., 153Diaz, Noe P., 154Dick, Helena, 152Dickerson, Maurice D., 152, 154Dieppe,. France, 51, 53Dietz, William F., 153Dillon, John, 151Dockery, Raymond T., 121, 156Dooley, Albert R., 156Dorsek, Stephen J., Jr., 153Dowd, Christopher J., 156Downey, Leonard J., 156Doyle, Charles L., 153Drusnick, Joseph J., 152, 153

Duca, Pascal, 153Duffy, Donald J., 154

E

Eastham (Capt.), 155, 158Eaton, Theron R., 153Economen/Economon (Capt.), 155,

158Edlin, Abraham, 156Eisenhower, Dwight D., 76, 82Ellison, Mary, 115Erdkamp, Catherine, 152Eschenbacher, Arnold W.,

18,

151, 153Eyles, Albert J.,

21,

145

F

Fabry, Charles F., 154Fannin, Edward J., 156Fellabom, George, 156Ferachi, Peter A., 153Ferguson, Miles D., 156Fife, Dove,

18

Filippi, John P.,

18,

151Finley, Harold Jr., 156Fisher, Mildred, 152Fleshman, Everett C.,

21

Fletcher, William V., 156Forney, Neva, 152Fred, Gilford B., 153Freeze, John N. (Jack),

18,

151French, Blossom, 152Friscis, Baldassare, 156Fuller, Donald K., 156Fusco, Patrick J., 151

G

Gallaher, James F., 153Gandrud, Rudolph V.,

18,

151Garcia, William, 154Gaston, Joseph,

18

Gatz, Walter J., 156Gaynes, Harvey E., 126, 137, 138, 143,

144, 147, 155Geary, Harry G. G., 153


Index

165

Gebhardt, Rudolph A., 153Geleff, Mitchell M., 157Giavinini (Capt.), 155Gibson, Franklin, 156Gill, Alice, 152Gilmore, Estel, 153Ginn, Richard V. N., 6Glennon, J. B., 38Glowczewsky, Joseph A., 154Goldsmith, David, 157Greco, Salvatore J., 154Greenberg, Charles M., 156Greenberg, Meyer, 157Greer, Frank R., 157Gulley, Grady W., 157Gustafson, Milton H., 151

H

Hale, Lewis D., 153Hall, George T., 153Hanson, L. B., 148, 155Hawkins (1st Lt.), 155, 158Hawley, Paul R., 28, xiiHayworth, Rita, 66Healy (1st Lt.), 156Heater, Charles W., 153Heatherington, Hazel, 152Heck, Robert R., 157Heighes, Henry, 156Henderson, Denton, 157Henning, Clinton E., 157Herndon, Luther W., 156Hess, Clarence S., 157Hiatt, Hazel, 152Higgins, Weldon C., 153Hinds, Gladys N., 152Hinkle, Marlin, 153Hoenicke, Raymond E., 153Hogan (1st Lt.), 156Hoke, Gerald R., 153Hollingsworth, Marjorie A., 152Hope, Bob, 92, 95, 96, 115, 119, 144Horan, Richard I., 153Horne, Clarence J., 153

Horning, Virgil E., 153Horns, Clarence J., 154Horthy, Nicholas, 71Hubbard, Lloyd B., 153Hubly, James W., 151Hunkele, Regina M., 152Hunter, Andrew R., 153Hutchinson (1st Lt.), 156

I

Ingrassa, Charles, 154Ingwersen, Pearl, 152Ioriatti (Capt.), 155, 158

J

Jackson, Donald, 125Jackson, Harry I., 156Jackson, James D., 153Jackson, Marilyn, 125Jewell, Keith W., 154Johnson, Clarence R., 154Jones, Marcus L.,

18,

151Jonson, Harry S., 157Jozwick, Stanley J., 153Juliano (1st Lt.), 156Jurgens, Norman L., 153

K

Kane (Capt.), 155Katakowski, Joseph, 157Keety (Capt.), 155Kelleher, John J., Jr., 151Kelly, Mary C., 152Killman, Earl, 154Kilmer, Joyce (soldier-poet), 22King, Buford, 153King, Malcolm T., 153King, Oscar C., 157Kippes, John, 157Kirsch, Richard A., 153Kirst, Eugene A., 154Klamp, Hilda, 152Kleimola, Henry E., 154Kleinholz, Clara, 152


166


Kleinholz, Mary, 152Kleinholz, Wynona, 152Klemer, Earl M., 154Klingensmith, John D., 153Knapp, Leland H., 154Koch (Capt.), 126, 158Kohlenberg, Gail Ann, 133Kohlenberg, Gilbert C.,

18,

67

, 126,

133,

151, 152, 158as adjutant, 147as Special and Information Services

officer, 85, 99as university professor, 134–135at bombing in London, 46, 61, 113at Chesterfield Estate,

47

Camp Barkeley, Tex., 6–10college days, 1–4engagement and marriage plans, 42,

54, 66, 73, 76, 84, 94, 97, 101, 102, 103–104, 116, 117, 123–125

in England,

49

in New York City, 41–42last officer serving with the 79th,

131MAC (Medical Administration

Corp), 5–10Ph.D. degree awarded, 131post-war plans, 64–65released to U.S. Army Reserves, 131speculation on daughters, 116–117telephone call, to Mary Jane, 123thoughts on Congressional military

policy, 118transferred to U.S. Air Force, 131wedding portrait,

124

Kohlenberg, Helen, 125Kohlenberg, Kenneth, 115Kohlenberg, Mary Jane Walker,

133

as fashion model for WAVEs, 33at Indian Head,

38

autograph from Bob Hope, 92, 95, 96

college days, 1–4

engagement and marriage plans, 42, 54, 66, 73, 76, 84, 97, 101, 102, 103–104, 116, 117, 123–125

in New York City, 41–42Navy life, 7, 10, 32–43,

34

,

36

return to civilian life, 133–135social call on Navy captain, 38–39telephone call from Gilbert, 123transfer to U.S. Naval Reserve, 133visiting Crane rocket production, 72wedding portrait,

124

Kohlenberg, Willis, 64, 92, 93, 102, 113, 118

Kossmann, Arthur F., 154Kovanda, Clarabelle, 152Kovanda, Maxine, 152Krafft (Col.), 128Krueger, Gerhardt R., 154Kutchko, Walter, 152, 154Kuty (1st Lt.), 158

L

La Bombard, George R., 154Laffey, Frances X., 153Lake, Frederic, 157Lawrence, Henry W.,

21

Lebeda, George J., 154Lee, Kirby S., 154Leedy, Harvey B.,

21,

138, 157Lepper, Margaret, 152Lester, Clarence G., 153Leventhal (Capt.), 126, 155Lewellin, Robert W., 157Leyanna, Edward M., 154Libby, Clifford S., 157Lightly, Marion L., 157Limburg, Harvey, 156Linburg, Harry M., 157Lind, Milton F., 156Linden, Kenneth L., 156Linker, Joseph,

21,

156Long, Roy H., 153Loring (1st Lt.), 156Luba, John P., Jr., 154


Index

167

Luedtke (1st Lt.), 156, 158Luther, Roy H., 30,

31,

144, 145, 157

M

Madison, LaVeta, 152Mahoney, Joseph A., 157Mallinski, Myron, 30, 31, 74, 138, 147Maretin, Joe W., 154Marger (1st Lt.), 156Markle, Philip M.,

18,

151Martin, June,

18

Martin, Peggy, 152Masluk, Michael M., 156Mason, William S., 151Mathew, Wallace R., 156Matthews, Andrew M., 153Mauldin, Bill, 134, 135Maurer (1st Lt.), 156Mayo, Charles Horace, 131Mayo, William James, 131McCall, John T., Jr.,

18,

151McCarthy, Loretta H., 152McCarthy, Walter J., 157McCaskey, Ambrose, 42McDowell, Mehl, 151McGarr, Cuvier J.,

18,

151McGarth (1st Lt.), 156McGirr, John,

18

McGreevey (1st Lt.), 156McLaughlin, Elder B., 157McLead, Ivan L., 157McLemore, Harold,

18

McNairn, Lloyd F., 152, 153McNeill, Eugene O., 157Meisinger, Fred H., 151Mendel, Prof., 133Mentzer, Cyril, 153Merimar Hotel, 107Metzger, Richard E., 156Miles, James McClintock, 154Miller, Martin W.,

21,

xi, xiii, xvdiary of, 137–148

Miller, Robert D., 156Millican, Douglas E., 156

Minck (1st Lt.), 156Minich, Gertrude, 152Mistarz, Leonard W., 153Moe (1st Lt.), 156Molomut, Norman, 151Monk, James W., 153Montabane, Leonard, 157Moore, William F., 140, 142, 144,

155d, 158Morales, Frank H., 153, 156Morgan, Charles W.,

30,

156Morgan, James R., Sr., 154Morgan, Margaret, 152Morris, Henry A., 154Moss (Capt.), 155Mu (1st Lt.), 156Mueller, Fred G., 154Mulleavey, Joseph W., Jr., 154Mullen, Joseph R., 126, 137, 147Munford, George I., 157Murray, Albert P., 153

N

Neill, Robert M., 157Neumayer (1st Lt.), 126, 156, 158Nickel (Capt.), 155, 158Niksich, Nick, 153Nuzmum, Thomas O., 151

O

O’Toole, James G., 153Odom, Robert T., 151Olson, John T., 152, 154Orlando, Salvatore, 154Orsher, Leon,

18

Osborn, Clara J., 152Ostler, Eugene, 157Overbach, Samuel, 154

P

Painter, Robert B., 156Pangle, Ruth, 152Parker, Fred M., 154Pasco, Washington, 119


168


Patch, Alexander McCarrell, 26, 66Patterson, James C., 153Paulsen, Howard D.,

18,

151, 153Peal, Mitchell, 153Peterson, Louis E., 154Phelps, Shirley, 152Phipps, Guy E., 153Pickerill, Charles C., 156Pierce, Joseph B., Sr., 157Pilgrim, Conrad S., 154Pitchok, Charles, 157Plotkin, Morris, 153Polacheck, John E., 156Poppe, William G., 154Prall, Charles W., 154Prather, Jack R., 153Price, Pliny,

18

R

Rabou, Erma J.,

18,

151Rakestraw, Zella, 152Rau, Gustav C., 156Rector, Bell P., 153Redman, Cora, 152Reick (Capt., Maj.), 126, 155Reid, Irma, 152Reinhardt, Gerald M., 154Reinhardt, Rayburn J., 153Ribeiro, Antonio M., 152, 153Richards, Gerald L., 156, 157Richman, Basil M., 30, 31, 141, 147Ricketts, Frederick J.,

18,

151Riddles, Thomas L., 153Rimmer, Landon J., 157Rivera, Albert, 154Robey, Viola May, 152Robinson, Irvin E., 153Rogers, Eugene W., 153Rooney, Mickey, 81, 82, 144Roosevelt, Franklin D., 56, 138, 141Rosczewski, Chester N., 157Rose, Lester W., 154Rosenbalm, Marlyn R., 157Roth, Wanda, 152

Rothkopf, Henry, 151Rue, Delores E., 152Russell, Albert M.,

18,

151

S

Salzman, Henrietta, 152Sanders, Bernard E., 154Sauer, Laurie, xvScannell (1st Lt.), 156Schaffer, Ada M., 152Schapman (1st Lt.), 156Scharfenberg, Lola, 152Schling, Robert G., 154Schneider, John A., 153Schoen, Emil L.,

21

Schroder, Imogene, 152Schulist, Harry C., 153Schupbach, Bonnie, 152Schuster, Edith, 152Schwoch, Jeannette S., 152Scott, Natalie, 157Sears (Capt.), 155, 158Shank, Vince, 2Shulman (Capt.), 126, 155Simms, Anker V., 157Simonton, Harry E., 157Sitomer, Hyman, 151Slater (Capt.), 155Slaughter, William M., Jr., 156Smith, George D., 152, 153Smith, James J., 157Snethkamp, Glen N., 154Songster, Ethel, 152Spangenberg, Virginia, 2Speake, Marjorie, 152Steigmeier, Lillian T., 152Stevens, Leonard E.,

21

Stone, Al, 110Stover, Mary, 152Striggow, Louise, 152Stuart, Thomas, 126, 137, 138Surber, Garrett H., 154Suttle, George B., 156Swarzman, Morris, 151


Index

169

Swigart, Carl D., 156Swisher, Calvin L., 156Sykes, Michael J., 157

T

Theodos, Chris, 154Thomas, Cornelius,

18

Tibbits, Paul, 11Ticker (1st Lt.), 156Tower, Charles R., 154Townsend, Eddie L., 153Tramel, Paulina, xvTressel, Mary A.,

18,

152Truman Harry S., 56, 117, 138, 141

U

Underwood, Russell C., 153Uwrich, Albert E., 157

V

Van Sant, Lottie, 152Voerster, John H., 157Von Vetchen, Dr., 134Voorhees, Max B., 156

W

Waddell, Caroline M., 152Waddell, Fleming P., 153Waggoner, Margaret,

18

Wagner, Ann T.,

18,

152

Walker, Jesse H. B., 154Walker, Mary Jane.

See

Kohlenberg, Mary Jane

Walker, Maud Marie, 117, 123, 124Walker, R. Lisle, 1Walker, Zelta,

18,

152Walz, Irma, 152Walz, Robert J., 157Watts, Joda M., 154Weiner (Capt.), 155Weitz, Virginia,

18

West, James, 155, 158White, William C., 156Whitney, Margaret,

18

Wiater, Joseph J., 154Wieda, Stephen, 157Wiggers, Russell F.,

18,

151Wilks, Ted, 41Wittaker, Keith E., 154Wittington, Harry J., 153

Y

Yettman, Kay, 152Young, James E., 157, 158

Z

Zannotti, Tristano, 154Zapf, Karl, 148Zink, Raymond E., 151


170

Subject Index

Illustrations are indicated by

bold

numbers.

Numbers

26th Field Hospital, 5928th Division, 62, 6940th Infantry Division, 11842nd Division, 2479th Field Hospital

ETO, 27–29, 70–77deactivation, 125England, 44–49, 139–41France, 50–57, 78–119, 129, 141Germany, 58–67, 70–77, 129, 142–

44and Seventh Army, 27–29, 73, 77St. Mary's Hospital, Ludwig-

shafen, 59function of, 14–15time line, xvi–xviiU.S.

bivouac, 14, 16–17, 23, 137Camp Ellis, Ill., 16–17, 138Camp Kilmer, N.J., 24, 138Camp Myles Standish, Mass., 121,

147Camp Sibert, Ala., 22–23, 121,

125, 126, 147deactivation, 130, 131Fairmont Army Air Field, Neb.,

11–13, 151–54Fort Knox, Ky., 16–17, 30–31at Mayo General Hospital (Gales-

burg, Ill.), 125, 126–32, 147sanitation training, 22

82nd Airborne, 69101st Airborne, 69101st Airborne Division, 62104th Division, 68, 69

199th General Hospital, 45802nd Hospital Center, 463613th Special Care Unit, 130

A

aircraft (mentioned)B-29, 117B-32s, 118C-47s, 14, 69.111gliders, 28Stinson planes, 29

Alton, Ill., high school, 1American Legion, Joyce Kilmer Post,

25American Red Cross, 54, 68, 69, 75,

140, 145Antibes, 107, 108Arles, France (“Dust Bowl”), 80, 81–

107Armed Forces Radio Network, 55, 83,

93atomic bomb, 118, 119, 145

B

bartering, 54baseball, 96, 99, 106, 111, 113

World Series game (1944), 41“Bedcheck” Charley (German pilot),

129, 142Beerman, Herman M., 151“Big Three” meeting, 103boredom, after V-E Day, 81–107Boston, Mass., 120–22, 146, 147Branson, Mo., 125Bunker Hill, Ill., 4


Index

171

C

Camp Barkeley, Tex., 6–10Camp Ellis, Ill., 16–17Camp Kilmer, N.J., 24Camp Myles Standish, Mass., 121, 147Camp Sibert, Ala., 22–23, 121, 125,

126, 147Camp Twenty Grand, France, 50, 129Cannes, France, 91, 104, 106, 107Carlton Hotel, 107, 109censorship, 53, 105, 106, 113, 114, 123champagne, 80, 116Chateau-Thiery, U.S. Memorial, 71Chesterfield Estate, England, 45, 46Coca-Cola, 90, 95, 144Communication Zone, Advance Dis-

trict (CONAD), 50, 59concentration camps, 71

D

Dachau, 71dogs.

See

mascotsDPs (displaced persons), 72, 72, 143“Dust Bowl” (Arles, France), 80, 81–

107, 144

E

Eisenhower jacket, 100England, 44–49, 139–41ETO (European Theater of Opera-

tions), 27–29Seventh Army activities, 58–60

F

Fairmont Army Air Field, Neb., 11–13, 151–54

field hospitals, described, 14–15Filene's of Boston, 34Folies Berge, 56Fort Lewis, Wash., 137Fort Sheridan, Ill., 131, 132France, 50–57, 78–119, 129, 141–

G

Gadsden, Ala., 22Galesburg Register-Mail, 130–31General Electric Co., 32George Washington University, 117German village training area, 22Germany, 58–67, 70–77, 129, 144GIs

enlisted men,

19, 21

and German girlfriends, 116, 117–18

reassignments, 77, 79, 121, 126Grasse, France, 107, 108, 112

H

“hershey bars” (overseas service bars), 84, 113

I

Indian Head, Md., 37insects, 80, 95, 97, 102, 144

J

Japan, 113, 117, 118, 120, 145Jefferson Barracks, Mo., 5

K

K rations (mentioned), 44, 50, 137Kirksville, Mo., 134

L

land mines, 109, 113Le Havre, France, 50, 129, 141Leyte, 118Ludwigshafen, Germany, 58–67, 70–

77, 129, 131, 142bomb shelter, 62

M

Mainbocher's (fashion designers), 33maps, xviii–xxMarseilles, France, 87, 98, 101, 114,

118, 145mascots


172


Butch (cocker spaniel), 30–31, 141, 145, 147

Harvey (rabbit), 30, 31, 144, 145Sad Sack (mixed-breed dog), 30, 31,

138, 141, 145, 147Mayo Clinic, 131Mayo General Hospital (Galesburg,

Ill.), 125, 126–32, 147Mayonews, 127–29, 131Memorial Day, in France, 71money.

See

scripMonte Carlo, 109

handbill, 105Mount Holyoke College, 33–35movies, 142, 143Muny Opera, St. Louis, 3, 63, 82, 92musical instruments, 142

N

Nancy, France, 141Nice, France, 91, 107, 108

Douglas Fairbanks villa, 110Nissen huts, 45, 46Northeast Missouri State College, 134nurses, 16, 18, 27, 104, 138

P

pamphlets

Camp Kilmer,

25

Camp Myles Standish,

122

Homeward Bound From Camp Kilmer, New Jersey,

24

That Men Might Live,

29

Panoy Island, 118Paris, France, 67perfume, 108, 112pets.

See

mascotsPlymouth, England, 45, 139POWs (prisoners of wars), 53, 71, 77,

129, 130Principia College, 2PTO (Pacific Theater of Operations),

61, 120

RRed Cross. See American Red Crossreligion, 140, 143Report to the Surgeon General, 121rest and recreation, 83, 91, 99, 100,

104, 122–23. See also USOon the Riviera, 107–12sports, for soldiers, after V-E Day,

67–70The Riviera, France, 91, 101, 104Rouen, France, 50, 101, 129, 141Russia, 119

SSaint Martin de Crau railhead, 120Saint Mary's Hospital (Germany),

131, 142scrip, for use in ETO, 51, 52seasickness, 120, 139SHAEF (Supreme Headquarters Allied

Expeditionary Force), 52Shillingstone, England, 49, 140ships

Butterfield, 112James Bowdoin, 112SS Cristobal, 44–45, 139SS Sobieski, 49SS Gridley, 110Stone, 112Upjohn, 112USS General Richardson, 114, 118,

120, 146Shurtleff College, 1–3, 9Southampton, England, 49, 140–41Southern Illinois University, 1Springfield, Mass., 33“Star Desert” (popular music), 93Stars and Stripes mentioned, 56, 57,

65, 71, 75, 76, 78, 92, 111, 134Stelton, N.J., 24Strasbourg, France, 144“Symphony” (song), by Al Stone, 109-

10


Index 173

TTAT (Tactical Army Theater), 118Taunton, Mass., public library, xvTopeka Army Air Base, 11Topper Takes a Trip (book), 99, 101Toul, France, 50, 129, 141Tower of London, bomb damage, 46,

48train travel, 55, 58, 77, 78, 140, 142trench foot, 28, 50Truman State University, 134

Kohlenberg Lyceum Series, 100, 134Pickler Memorial Library, xvROTC, xiii

UUniversity of Chicago, Naval Aerology

Engineering School, 36University of Illinois, 4, 9, 131, 132U.S. Air Force, 131U.S. Army

26th Field Hospital, 5928th Division, 62, 6940th Infantry Division, 11842nd Division, 2479th Field Hospital (See 79th Field

Hospital)82nd Airborne, 69101st Airborne, 69101st Airborne Division, 62104th Division, 68, 69199th General Hospital, 45802nd Hospital Center, 463613th Special Care Unit, 130Army Athletic Staff School, 67–70Army Specialists Forces Training

Command (ASFTC), 17Bombardment Groups at Fairmont

Army Air Field, 11Fifth Service Command, 16First Army, 68Fort Knox, Ky., 16–17Fourth Armored Division, 69

Induction Station, Ft. Crook, Neb., 137

MAC (Medical Administration Corps), 6–10, 12

terms used in WWII, 149–50Medical Service Corps (MSC), 5–6Medical Training Unit, 6Officer Candidate School (OCS), 6point system for discharge, 65, 66,

115, 129, 147Seventh Army, 14, 16, 22, 27–29, 49,

50, 58–60, 68, 71, 73Sixth Service Command, 130Training Operation/Europe (TO/E),

17War Information Center, 123

U.S. Army Reserves, 131U.S. Bureau of Ordnance, Washing-

ton, D.C., 39–40, 63U.S. National Archives, xiii, xvU.S. National Personnel Records Cen-

ter, St. Louis, xiiiU.S. Naval Reserve, 133U.S. Navy

life as a WAVE, 32–43Mary Jane's enlistment, 8, 10Midshipmen's School, 35Naval Academy, 34Naval Powder Factory, Indian Head,

Md., 36–39Navy Nurse Corps, 32Patuxent Navy Air Station, 37Seventh Army, 66V-9 USNR program, 33WAVEs allowed to marry, 95

U.S. War Assets Administration, 132USAFI (United States Armed Forces

Institute), 117USO/GI entertainment, diversion. See

also rest and recreationmovies

Adventures of the Tartar, 48


174 Hospital on the Move

USO/GI entertainment continuedmovies continued

Brazil, 94Carolina Moon, 55Christmas in Connecticut, 90Dough Girls, 100The Nazi Strike, 9Prelude to the War, 9Tonight and Every Night, 66Two Down and One to Go, 66

stage showsAir Force Squadron Dance Band,

95Bob Hope and Jerry Colona, 96,

144Bobby Brean, 96, 144colored GI troupe, 85Copacabana Review, 100, 104D'Artigan's All-Girl Orchestra,

100French revue with jugglers, 93Glenda Hope singing “Rum and

Coca-Cola,” 86

“Jeep Touring Troupe,” 80Marlene Dietrich, 85Mickey Rooney, 144

VV-E Day, 63–65, 74–75, 143V-J Day, 119, 146Voice of the Turtle, 92

WWashington, D.C., 37.63, 42Washington University, 4WAVES (Women Accepted for Volun-

teer Emergency Service). See under U.S. Navy

Western Cartridge Co., 4, 118Wooten Hotel (Tex.), 10World Series, St. Louis Cardinals vs.

St. Louis Browns (1944), 41

YYank magazine, 116


lt. gilbert kohlenberg, 1945 · this story is dedicated to the men and women of the 79th field...

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