luxuries we like to have the “luxury of space” the “luxury of time” (nature strengthens the...

Luxuries We Like To Have

• The “Luxury of Space”

• The “Luxury of Time” (nature strengthens the project over time)

• The “Luxury of Monitoring”

• The “Luxury of Adaptive Management”

UPSTREAM ANGLED ROCK VANES

Phil Balch design, Little Blue River Elva Hynek property near Marysville, KS July 2003

Looking downstream

Rising Limb 40,000 cfs flood

Rock VanesSite # 8 – E. Hynek

ROCK VANES WITH STONE TOE PROTECTION ON THE

SALMON RIVER, PULASKI, NY. 2 YEARS OLD

DESIGNED BY CARL SCHWARTZ, U.S. FISH &

WILDLIFE SERVICE Photos by Dave Derrick

APRIL 13, 2010

Looking DS @ a properly functioning Rock Vane. Thalweg leaves the bank US of the US end of the RV. Note calm water in “elbow” of Rock Vane.

2 YEARS OLD - SALMON RIVER, PULASKI, NY - PIX BY DERRICK 4-13-2010

Mini case study: 1 of 2

Looking US @ calm water in “elbow” of Rock Vane. Note thalweg location.

2 YEARS OLD - SALMON RIVER, PULASKI, NY - PIX BY DERRICK 4-13-2010

Mini case study: 2 of 2

Typical upstream angled rock vane

From:

www.E-senss.com

from John McCullah’s

Salix Applied Earthcare

Pool

Pool Deposition is

brown, scour is

blue

Differences between Rock Vanes & Bendway Weirs: here are Rock Vanes

Mini case study: 1 of 4

Here are some Bendway weirs, now let’s look at those rock vanes again

Mini case study: 2 of 4

Differences between:BENDWAY WEIRS ROCK VANES• LEVEL-CRESTED (flat)

• ANGLED-upstream 20 degrees from perpendicular (70 degrees from the bank)

• LENGTH-determined by how much river flow needs to be controlled & by future thalweg location

• HEIGHT- lower than any flow that can erode the bank, usually +/- 1 ft of the base flow (typical low-flow) water surface elevation

• SLOPED- Best at 10 to 1

• ANGLED- 30 degrees from a line tangent to the bank

• LENGTH-determined by height at bank end, vane slope angle, and bathymetry at river end

• HEIGHT- varies by designer, anywhere from 1/3 bank full stage to bank full stage

Mini case study: 3 of 4

Rock Vanes (again)

Mini case study: 4 of 4

A system of Bendway Weirs, seen here in a physical movable-bed model, flow is

left to right

Looking DS at a partially drained

movable-bed coal model of

the Middle Mississippi

River (Dogtooth Bend)

UNREVETTED BEND REVETTED BEND

Newly installed Bendway Weir Effects of Bendway Weirs

1.

3. 4.

2.

From Rob Davinroy, St. Louis Corps

Movable-bed Model

Movable Bed Model

How Do Bendway Weirs Work?

• Water flowing over the weir is redirected at an angle perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the weir.

• With weirs angled upstream the erosive flow (energy) is directed away from the outer bank and toward the inner part of the bend.

• Strong secondary currents (helical flow) in bend are broken up.

• A set of weirs are designed to act as a system to capture, control, and redirect current directions and velocities through the bend and into the downstream crossing.

• Last weir in system can aim flow (and channel thalweg) where you need it.

BENDWAY WEIRS ON THE LITTLE

BLUE RIVER, MARYSVILLE,

KS

Bendway Weirs on the Little Blue River, working during flood,

from Phil Balch of Wildhorse Riverworks, Inc

The next 2 slides show the same Bendway

Weirs

Mini case study: 1 of 3

Deposition between Weirs from one bankfull flow 6/2002 on the Little Blue River, from Phil Balch of Wildhorse

Riverworks, Inc

Mini case study: 2 of 3

Natural Vegetation established on deposition 9/02

Site # 5 Martin - JuenemanMini case study: 3 of 3

FISH COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO

BENDWAY WEIR INSTALLATION ON THE LITTLE BLUE

RIVER, KS.

26

Phil BalchWildhorse Riverworks, Inc.

11821 NW 13th StreetTopeka, Kansas 66615

785-213-3778 Mobile785-478-4886 Office

FISH COMMUNITY CHANGES AT TWO BENDWAY WEIR FISH COMMUNITY CHANGES AT TWO BENDWAY WEIR STREAMBANK STABILIZATION PROJECTS ON THE LITTLE STREAMBANK STABILIZATION PROJECTS ON THE LITTLE

BLUE RIVER, KS BLUE RIVER, KS..

27

Pre-Bendway Weir 2001

SPECIES Number CPUE

Longnose gar 4 5.71

River carpsucker 1 1.43

Channel catfish 6 8.57

Common carp 4 5.71

Red shiner 22 31.43

Gizzard shad 1 1.43

Freshwater drum 1 1.43

7 Species, 39 Individuals

1,150 feet long

20’ vertical banks

Soil loss 1977 – 2000 = 12.7 acres (491,744 tons)

Nitrates = 2,046 lbs

Phosphorus = 18,686 lbs

Potassium = 54,800 lbs

John Hynek's site

28

SITE 1: Post-weir 2006

SPECIES Number CPUE

Longnose gar 1 1.1

River carpsucker 54 60.0

Channel catfish 39 43.3

Common carp 14 15.6

Red shiner 533 592.2

Gizzard shad 342 380.0

Flathead catfish 7 7.8

Smallmouth buffalo 1 1.1

Suckermouth minnow 33 36.7

Bluntnose minnow 10 11.1

Emerald shiner 22 24.4

Sand shiner 208 231.1

Bullhead minnow 149 165.6

Mosquitofish 6 6.7

Orangespotted sunfish 4 4.4

Green sunfish 3 3.3

Freshwater drum 7 7.8

17 Species, 1,433 Individuals

Post-Bendway Weir 2006

John Hynek's site

Phil Balch builds Bendway Weirs a little taller & gets great wetlands between weirs. Little Blue River, Marysville, KS, high suspended-

sediment sand bed river

Pix by Derrick

Here a combination of Rock Vanes & Bendway

Weirs were used to change the radius of the thalweg around a bend

Original bankline

Thalweg

Bendway WEIRS

Rock vane

Flow

The way I like to build Bendway Weirs, note water surface

disturbance

BW - CHAPTER 14: CASE STUDY- NEOSHO RIVER,

ALLEN COUNTY, (MIKE GEFFERT’S PROPERTY)

SOUTHEAST KANSASConstructed May-July 2000 Using Bendway Weirs for thalweg

realignment & bank erosion reduction

Neosho River Project Specifications• River is 260 ft wide

• Gravel-sand bed

• Project is 2,200 ft long, Outer bank is 25 ft tall, it eroded 178 ft laterally in 6 years time

• 11 Bendway Weirs, are all 70 ft long, spaced 210 ft apart & constructed of “shot rock”, 400 lb max.

• First set of velocities (March 15, 2001) water was 6 ft over the weirs, second set of velocities (Mar 16, 2001) water was a measured 12 ft over the top of the weirs!!

• Velocities were measured with floating oranges

Pre-Project. Looking upstream at the near vertical eroded bank

PRE-PROJECT-NEOSHO RIVER @ GEFFERT’S-PIX BY PHIL BALCH 8/25/99

Dozier pushing stone to form Bendway Weir #3. Note the thalweg is already being moved toward the center of the channel by the upstream weirs.

CONSTRUCTION-NEOSHO RIVER @ GEFFERT’S- PIX BY PHIL BALCH 5/30/00

HIGH WATER – LET’S GET SOME

VELOCITIES(We have a sack of oranges

& time on our hands)

Mini case study: 3 of 3

Neosho River, Allen County, Kansas 12 ft of

water over weirs (measured) Top water

velocities within the weir field never exceeded 3.00

ft/second

BW #7

BW #3

BW #11

2.886.47

6.08

2.924.074.97

2.634.544.64

Data collected March 15, 2001

CATTARAUGUS CREEK @

SAVAGE ROAD – CONSTRUCTED

OCT 2004

Within the weir

field 2.6 ft/sec

Thalweg 6.4 ft/sec

8.0 ft/sec

Looking DS in project bend, high water on Catt Creek, 11/4/2004

Slow water on the outside of the bend??Mini case study: 8 of 12

SAME FLOW AS PREVIOUS BENDWAY WEIR PIX. Looking US at Rock Vane #2, high water, Catt Creek at Savage

Rd. 11/4/2004, Rock Vane backs up water in the bend.

Rock Vane #2 dissipating energy, but consider the super-elevation of water upstream of the vane. 3/28/2006-Pix by Mayer

CHAUTAUQUA CREEK ICE DAMAGE REDUCTION PROJECT –Near its

mouth @ Lake Erie

• Severe scour from ice and high flow velocities on the right descending bank had resulted in an overwidened section of stream.

• Mid-channel sediment bars, mouth of creek @ Lake Erie clogged

• No holding areas or habitat for steelhead• A heavily used public fishing section of the

stream

NEED PLANS & SPECS

Single Stone Bendway Weirs

Key

Key

Key

Key

Key

Key

Key

Trench Stone & Stacked Stone Wall

Sloped Stone using “Big Flats”

Flow

DRILLING & PEGGING TOE STONES & SINGLE STONE

BENDWAY WEIRS WITH METAL RODS TO

BEDROCK

Pix by Joe Galati

Dave Spann of Chautauqua County Soil & Water Conservation

District with a 7.5 ft long, 2.5 inch diameter

bar. Dave did everything from writing the grant to providing extraordinary project management. On time and under budget!!!!

Construction June 2006.

Drilling solid stone

Pix by Joe Galati

Construction June 2006.

Looking US. Metal pinning

rods not cut off yet.

Pix by derrick

Looking upstream at the

SINGLE-STONE BENDWAY WEIRS

Aug 31, 2006, looking US at two pegged to bedrock Single-Stone Bendway Weirs in the

stacked stone wall section.

Pix by derrick

A high water flow event. Mar 14, 2007

Mar 14, 2006. Looking DS. Note

slow water near right bank due to Single

Stone Bendway Weirs

Pix by Joe Galati

Mar 14, 2006. Looking DS. Three submerged Bendway Weirs can be located due to

surface disturbance

Pix by Joe Galati

Mar 14, 2006. Looking DS. Close-up of two submerged Bendway Weirs

Pix by Joe Galati

16 MONTHS AFTER CONSTRUCTION

NOV 2007

Nov 8, 2007. Looking DS.

Thalweg off the ends of the

Bendway Weirs

Pix by Joe Galati

COMBINATIONS OF REDIRECTIVE

& RESISTIVE TECHNIQUES

Sulphur Creek @ Dunnigan Burn Dump

Yolo County, CA

THE PLAN !!

Footprint of the Dunnigan burn dump

LPSTPBENDWAY WEIR

KEY

Thalweg Management Pre & Post-Project Conditions

THALWEG-Post ProjectTHALWEG-Pre-Project

The Bendway Weirs are designed to reduce velocities near the LPSTP, & move the thalweg to a location off the ends of the Bendway Weirs.

Weirs also provide protection redundancy.

Mini case study: 2 of 10

Pix by John McCullah - October 1998

DURING CONSTRUCTION-Looking DS @ LPSTP & 1 Bendway Weir

Mini case study: 3 of 10

Pix by John McCullah-Jan 1999

3 months later-Looking DS @ tall cliff area. The weirs were not overtopped the first winter.

Mini case study: 4 of 10

Pix by John McCullah - Jan 17, 2001

2+ Years-Looking DS @ the project bend, deposition in weir field.

Mini case study: 6 of 10

Sulphur Creek @ Dunnigan Burn Dump-Pix by McCullah-Feb 14, 2008

9+ Years Later-Looking DS @ completely filled in Bendway Weir field results in a wide buffer of protection for the burn dump.

Mini case study: 10 of 10

Does your mind look like this?

GOOD, my work is done.

QUESTIONS???