m ale r eproductive s ystem robert scranton ©2009
Post on 28-Dec-2015
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TESTES
Name the layers covering the testes from outer to inner ____________
________________
_________________
______________
Scrotum
Tunica VaginalisTunica albuginea
Mediastinum
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
TESTES
The tunica vaginalis is made of a ________ and _______ ______ __________.
The tunica albuginea is a ________ __________ __________ ______.
Mediastinum
Where is it found? __________________________
What does it contain? ________
parietalmembraneserous
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
visceral
denseirregular connective tissue
Posterior expansion of tunica albuginea
Rete testes
TESTES
The testicular parenchyma is composed of the:
___________________
_______________
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Seminiferous tubules
Leydig Cells
Spermatozoa
Androgens (testosterone)
The main functions of the testes, a compund _________ gland, are ___________& _________________.
tubularreproduction hormone production
SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Composed of __________ & ___________germ cells sertoli cellsGerm Cells
SpermatogoniaDivide mitotically Spermatogonia (spermatocytogenesis)
Divide meiotically primary spermatocytes
SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Composed of __________ & ___________germ cells sertoli cellsGerm Cells
Spermatogonia 1° Spermatocyte 2° Spermatocyte Spermatids
Spermatids:• Post-meiotic• Haploid cells•In process of spermiogenesis
SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Composed of __________ & ___________germ cells sertoli cellsGerm Cells
Spermatogonia 1° Spermatocyte 2° Spermatocyte Spermatids
Process of Spermiogenesis:1. 2. 3. 4.
Condensation of the nucleusReduction of cytoplasm volumeFormation of an acrosomeFormation of the flagellum
SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Composed of __________ & ___________germ cells sertoli cellsGerm Cells
Spermatogonia 1° Spermatocyte 2° Spermatocyte SpermatidsSpermatozoa (male gamete)
Q:What is the significance of the syncytium between the germ cells from a single spermatogonium?
A: These small intercellular bridges allow for the synchronization of meiotic division of these cells.
Leydig Cells
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
(interstitial)
Describe the morphology:
• Eosinophilic cytoplasm• lots of mitochondria• Reinke crystals
Tubular cristi and lots of smooth ER
• Cytoplasmic location• increase with age• found in 50% of leydig cell tumors
Stimulated by: LH
Sertoli Cells
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
The Facts- Short & SweetDescribe the morphology: • On the outside of the seminiferous tubule • Basal end lines the basement membrane• Apical surfaces form the luminal margin• Nucleus located basally, triangular shape, prominent nucleolus
Describe the hormone interactions: • Produce mullerian inhibiting factor (MIF)• Stimulated by follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Describe the functions: • Blood-testis barrier• Phagocytosis• Synthesis and secretion of inhibin• Synthesis of androgen-binding protein• Aromatization of androgen to estrogen
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Tubili recti Rete testes Efferent ductulesEpididymus Vas deferens Ejaculatory ducts Urethra
Starting with the seminiferous tubules, trace the ducts to the external environment
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Tubili recti
sertoli cells only
Describe each segment
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Tubili recti Rete testes
Describe each segment
• Simple Cuboidal cells• within the mediastinum
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Tubili recti Rete testes Efferent ductules
Describe each segment
• 10-12 short ducts• Simple cuboidal cells• Columnar cells • thin band of circular smooth muscle on outside
Secretory actionCiliated
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Tubili recti Rete testes Efferent ductulesEpididymus
Describe each segment
• Proximally • Distally • Circular smooth muscle becomes thicker• Sympathetic innervation• Spermatozoa become functionally mature• Decapacitation of spermatozoa
Tall pseudostratified columnar w/ stereociliaShort pseudostratified columnar w/ stereocilia
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Tubili recti Rete testes Efferent ductulesEpididymus Vas deferens
• Short pseudostratified columnar epithelium w/ stereocilia• inner longitudinal, middle circular, outer longitudinal smooth muscle layers• mucosal folds• distal dilation • sympathetic innervation
Describe each segment
ampulla of vas deferens
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Tubili recti Rete testes Efferent ductulesEpididymus Vas deferens
• found within the prostate gland• simple cuboidal epithelium
Describe each segment
Ejaculatory ducts
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Tubili recti Rete testes Efferent ductulesEpididymus Vas deferens
• Part of reproductive and urinary system• Three sections:
Describe each segment
Ejaculatory ducts Urethra
1. Prostatic 2. Membraneous 3. Penile
Transitional epitheliumPseudostratified columnar epithelium
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium changes to stratified squamous epithelium in the glans
1. Seminiferous Tubules 2. Straight Tubules 3. Rete Testes
4. Efferent Ductules 5. Epididymus
6. Vas Deferens (20x below)
7. Ejaculatory Duct (no image)8. Urethra (no image)
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
1. Seminal Vesicles2. Prostate gland3. Bulbourethral glands4. Glands of Littre
Name the accessory glands
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
1. Seminal Vesicles2. Prostate gland3. Bulbourethral glands4. Glands of Littre
Drain into the _________________. Lined by __________ ______ _______. Epithelium secretion is composed of ______, _______, and ________. The secretion is ____% of the volume of ejaculate. The vesicles have a smooth muscle wall and sympathetic innervation.
ampulla of the vas deferens
Pseudostratified columnarepithelium
fructose fibrinogen
ascorbic acid 70
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
1. Seminal Vesicles2. Prostate gland3. Bulbourethral glands4. Glands of Littre
Central and peripheral zones
AKA “periurethral”- Benign prostatic hypertrophy
Prostatic adenocarcinoma
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
1. Seminal Vesicles2. Prostate gland3. Bulbourethral glands4. Glands of Littre
Parenchyma _______________, draining into the ______ ______. Secretion contains _____, ______, and ___________. PSA- responsible for _______ of semen. Production is stimulated by sex steroids (____)Stroma- __________ + __________
branched tubuloalveolar glands
Prostatic urethracholine citric acid
acid phosphataseliquifaction
DHTFibroelastic CT
smooth muscle
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
1. Seminal Vesicles2. Prostate gland3. Bulbourethral glands4. Glands of Littre
For those that got a little lost on the last slide……
PSA implies _____ or ____________
Prostatic (serum) acid phosphatase implies ___________
BPH Prostatic Cancer
Prostatic Cancer
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
1. Seminal Vesicles2. Prostate gland3. Bulbourethral glands4. Glands of Littre
• Paired glands secreting _____• Found in the ___________• Drain into _________________
mucusUG diaphragm
Proximal penile urethra
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
1. Seminal Vesicles2. Prostate gland3. Bulbourethral glands4. Glands of Littre
• Branched tubuloalveolar glands• Secrete lubricating mucus into penile urethra
• Testes• Excretory Ducts• Accessory Glands• Penis
Penis__ masses of erectile tissue covered by ____________
__ Corpora cavernosa__ Corpus spongiosum
3 Fibroelastic CT
+ Glans Penis21
Erectile tissue = Fibrous network of trabeculaeVenous sinusoids AKA lacunaHelicine arterioles
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