main parts of ships

UNIT IUNIT IMAIN PARTS OF SHIPSMAIN PARTS OF SHIPS

HULLHULL

There are two main parts of a There are two main parts of a ship: theship: the hull and the hull and the machinerymachinery..

The main structure of a ship The main structure of a ship is is hullhull. .

The The keelkeel is the backbone of the is the backbone of the hullhull

The hull is divided into three The hull is divided into three areas: areas: fore end, after end and fore end, after end and amidshipsamidships. .

The fore end is The fore end is bowbow, the after , the after end is end is sternstern. The right side of . The right side of ship is called the ship is called the starboard starboard and the other side is and the other side is portport

BOWBOW

KEELKEEL

The depth of ship’s bottom The depth of ship’s bottom or keel below the or keel below the waterline is waterline is draughtdraught. The . The beambeam of the ship is the of the ship is the distance between the two distance between the two sidessides..

The The frameframes, s, bulkheadbulkheads, s, floorfloors and s and beambeams s complete the skeleton of complete the skeleton of hull. hull.

The frames which are The frames which are ribs of the ship are ribs of the ship are covered by covered by plating.plating.

framesframes

DECKDECK

The upper deck covers the The upper deck covers the holds or tanks. holds or tanks.

Deck equipment includes: Deck equipment includes: cargo handlingcargo handling, , steeringsteering, , anchoring anchoring and and mooringmooring arrangements. arrangements.

The cargo is loaded or The cargo is loaded or unloaded through unloaded through hatchhatches by es by cranecranes or by s or by derrickderricks. s.

The derricks are fitted to the The derricks are fitted to the mastmasts on deck and are s on deck and are operated by operated by winchwinches. es.

HOLDHOLD

CARGO HOLDCARGO HOLD

HATCHESHATCHES

HATCHHATCH

MASTMAST

CRANECRANE

DERRICKSDERRICKS

ANCHORANCHOR

ANCHORANCHOR

MOORINGMOORING

The anchoring arrangement is The anchoring arrangement is the the windlasswindlass used for used for lowering and raising the lowering and raising the anchor an anchor chain. The anchor an anchor chain. The mooring arrangement mooring arrangement consists of a winch, consists of a winch, bittbitts and s and fairleadfairleads . s .

WINDLASSWINDLASS

BOLLARDBOLLARD

BITTSBITTS

FAIRLEADFAIRLEAD

PADEYEPADEYE

CLEATCLEAT

SHACKLESHACKLE

ANCHOR CHAINANCHOR CHAIN

ROPEROPE

LifeboatLifeboats are arranged on the s are arranged on the port and starboard side. They port and starboard side. They are carried in are carried in davitdavits and are s and are used for life-saving purposes.used for life-saving purposes.

LIFERAFTLIFERAFT

LIFEBOATLIFEBOAT

LIFERINGLIFERING

STERNSTERN

The purpose of the The purpose of the steering gearsteering gear is to is to keep the vessel on a steady course. keep the vessel on a steady course.

A ship is steered by its A ship is steered by its rudder rudder which which is a flat plate at the ship's stern. is a flat plate at the ship's stern.

The rudder is turned by steering The rudder is turned by steering engine which is located in the engine which is located in the steering gear compartment. steering gear compartment.

STERNSTERN

STEERING GEAR STEERING GEAR COMPARTMENTCOMPARTMENT

STEERING GEARSTEERING GEAR

RUDDERRUDDER

PROPULSIONPROPULSION

The ship is moved through the The ship is moved through the water by one or more water by one or more propellerpropellers. s.

Shafts transmit the rotary motion Shafts transmit the rotary motion of a ship's engines to its of a ship's engines to its propellers. propellers.

The The engineengine is fitted in the is fitted in the engine engine room room ..

PROPULSION SYSTEMPROPULSION SYSTEM

PROPELLERPROPELLER

BRIDGEBRIDGE

The ship is controlled from the The ship is controlled from the bridge bridge by the captain or by the captain or navigating officers. navigating officers.

Near the bridge there is Near the bridge there is funnelfunnel. .

BRIDGEBRIDGE

FUNNELFUNNEL

The captain, officers and the The captain, officers and the crew are accommodated in crew are accommodated in cabincabins. s.

TThe meals are prepared in he meals are prepared in galleygalleys s and laundry is done in the and laundry is done in the laundry laundry roomroom..

Officers usually eat in the Officers usually eat in the officers' officers' messmess with waiter service. with waiter service.

Crew members dine in the self-Crew members dine in the self-service or waiter service service or waiter service crew crew messmess. .

CABIN(STATEROOM)CABIN(STATEROOM)

GALLEYGALLEY

LAUNDRYLAUNDRY

ANSWER THE QUESTIONSANSWER THE QUESTIONS

1-1-What What are mooring are mooring arrangementsarrangements??

2-2-How is cargo How is cargo loaded?loaded?

3-3-What is the rear part What is the rear part of the ship called?of the ship called?

4-Where is the laundry 4-Where is the laundry done?done?

5-What is a galley?5-What is a galley?

ETYMOLOGYETYMOLOGY

DeckDeck < German, < German, decken, decken, to coverto cover

DerrickDerrick < after Thomas Derrick, < after Thomas Derrick, London hangman of the early 17th London hangman of the early 17th century, applied to a gallowscentury, applied to a gallows

Galley Galley < < The galley is the kitchen of The galley is the kitchen of the ship. It is a corruption of the ship. It is a corruption of "gallery". Ancient sailors cooked their "gallery". Ancient sailors cooked their meals on a brick or stone gallery laid meals on a brick or stone gallery laid amidships. amidships.

Mast Mast <German <German mast, mast, aa pole < Latin pole < Latin malus, malus, mast < Irish mast < Irish maide , maide , a sticka stick

Anchor Anchor < Greek < Greek ankyra, ankyra, hookhook

SOME TERMSSOME TERMS

AccommodateAccommodate (v)- To provide a place (v)- To provide a place to stay, live or work.to stay, live or work.

Propel Propel (v)- To drive and move (v)- To drive and move forward.forward.

Rotary Rotary (adj.) - Moving in circles round (adj.) - Moving in circles round a central pointa central point

‘‘The depth of the ship’s The depth of the ship’s keel from waterline’ is;keel from waterline’ is;

a. a. freeboardfreeboard

b. b. bottombottom

c. c. draughtdraught

d. d. water linewater line

e. e. deckdeck

‘‘The depth of the ship’s The depth of the ship’s keel from waterline’ is;keel from waterline’ is;

c. c. draughtdraught

Derricks are fitted to the Derricks are fitted to the ship’s;ship’s;

a. a. bulwarkbulwark

b. b. bittsbitts

c. c. mastsmasts

d. d. castlescastles

e. e. davitsdavits

Derricks are fitted to the Derricks are fitted to the ship’s;ship’s;

c. c. mastsmasts

Which is not an enclosed Which is not an enclosed space?space?

a. a. galleygalley

b. b. engine roomengine room

c. c. steering gear compartmentsteering gear compartment

d. d. holdhold

e. e. forecastleforecastle

Which is not an enclosed Which is not an enclosed space?space?

e. e. forecastleforecastle