malodorant fluxes from a swine waste lagoon

The concentration of the malodorants p-cresol and p-ethylphenol were measured at 0.5 and 1.5 m above a waste lagoon during two campaigns spanning late winter through early spring and late spring through early summer. Logging of temperature, humidity, insolation, and wind speed as well as water column temperatures were done so that heat fluxes could be computed using an energy budget method and Bowen ratio estimates. Odors were quantified by entrainment on Tenax TA and subsequent thermal desorption-GC/MS.

COD Carbon Nitrogen TSS NH4 Cresol Ethylphenol

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MalodorantsWastewater Quality

COD Carbon Nitrogen TSS NH4 Cresol Ethylphenol

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Malodorant Fluxes From a Swine Waste Lagoon John Loughrin1, Arturo Quintanar2,Nanh Lovanh1, Rezaul Mahmood2, Joe St. Claire1, and Marty Haley1

1USDA-ARS, Bowling Green KY2Dept. Of Geography and Geology

Western Kentucky UniversityBowling Green KY

Malodorant Fluxes From a Swine Waste Lagoon John Loughrin1, Arturo Quintanar2,Nanh Lovanh1, Rezaul Mahmood2, Joe St. Claire1, and Marty Haley1

1USDA-ARS, Bowling Green KY2Dept. Of Geography and Geology

Western Kentucky UniversityBowling Green KY

Meteorological instruments Odor sampling raft

Wastewater characteristicsduring cool and warm seasons

Wind rose plots duringcool and warm seasons

141173Net Radiation (W m-2)

5.280.33Evaporation (mm h-1)

23.86.34Humidity, (g m-3)

572.0 591.0 Insolation, (W m-2)

27.811.0Sludge Temperature, (ºC)

29.714.4Lagoon Surface Temperature, (ºC)

28.312.4Air Temperature, (ºC) Meteorological Conditions

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Meteorological conditions during the two campaigns

Predicted p-cresol concentration above lagoon

The model that was found to correlate best with variation in malodorant concentrations and gradients had the terms describing evaporation and net available energy (Rn). Emissions were found to be much higher during the cool season than the warm season despite higher evaporation rates and more lagoon heating. This could be explained by much lower concentrations of malodorants in the lagoon during the warm season than in the cool season. Concentrations of the malodorants at 0.5 m above the lagoon were described by the equations:

p-Cresol0.5m= -3990 +(-3093 * evaporation) + (62.3 * Rn): r2=0.7304; Pr>F <0.0001p-Ethylphenol0.5m= -497 + (-378 * evaporation) + (7.68 * Rn): r2=0.7190; Pr <F 0.0001

Since the model included both cool season collections when evaporation on average was low, and warm season collections, when evaporation was relatively high, the evaporation terms have negative coefficients. However, when the cool season and warm season collection campaigns were considered separately, the relationship of both evaporation and Rn to variation in malodorant concentrations and gradients were positive.

Results from this study are being used to develop estimates of fluxes from this waste lagoon over long periods. Further work is planned to quantify emissions over extended periods during which lagoon heating rates will vary greatly.

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Lagoon Heating Rate andHeat Fluxes for June 2, 09

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