managing the politics of reform: a case study on public procurement reform in the philippines the...
Post on 14-Dec-2015
216 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Managing the Politics of Managing the Politics of Reform: A Case Study on Reform: A Case Study on
Public Procurement Reform in Public Procurement Reform in the Philippinesthe Philippines
The World Bank
Governance and Anticorruption CourseGovernance and Anticorruption CoursePREM and Asia Learning Special Pilot for SARPREM and Asia Learning Special Pilot for SARWashington, D.C.Washington, D.C.
Presented by:Presented by:
Ed CamposCoordinator, Governance & Anticorruption Thematic GroupPublic Sector Governance (PREM)
Feb. 14 -16, 2006Feb. 14 -16, 2006
Presented to:Presented to:
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 2
The ‘Prohibition’ Era
197019801990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
WDR on Institutions 1982
JDW “Cancer of Corruption” Speech (10/96)
State in a Changing World (97)
• Public Expenditure, Financial Mgt. & Procurement Reforms
• Diagnostic/Data/ Monitoring Tools
• Administrative & Civil Service Reform
• Civil Society Voice, Accountability, Media & Transparency Mechanisms
• State Capture/Corporate Governance
• Legal/Judicial Reform
Broadening & Mainstreaming
The initial ascent … getting to ‘base The initial ascent … getting to ‘base camp’…camp’…
TI CPI (5/95)
Anti-corruption Strategy (97)
Governance Strategy (00)
1st set of firms Debarred from WB (99)
Formalization of INT (01)
Strategic Compact (97)
O.P. Mainstreaming AC in CAS (99)
Governance Pillar - CDF (98)
Internal AC unit created in WB (98)
Gov/A-C Diagnostics start (98)
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 3
Cutting Edge DiagnosticsCutting Edge DiagnosticsPERHIPC E.T.ROSCCPAREC Audits
CFAA
IGR & GAC & Governance Cross-Country Ind.
BEEPS & INVEST.CLIMATE
SCORE CARDS
QSDS
Public Official Surveys
Political System- Cam paign Finance- Recruitm ent/Patronage
Executive Branch- Core Accountability M echanisms- Key Sectors: Revenue, Expenditure & Regulatory Agencies
Legislative Branch- Parliam entary O versight- Parliam entary Safeguards
Judicial Branch- Judicial Independence- Judicial Predictability- Prosecution & Tria l of Corruption Cases
Sub-National Governm ent- Transparency and Responsiveness- Accountability M echanisms
Users- Households- Enterprises
Service Delivery Agencies- Accountability M echanisms- Accessibility and Responsiveness
PETs
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 4
Promoting Reforms: Changing the Promoting Reforms: Changing the LandscapeLandscape
Status Quo
(Bad Equilibrium)
DesiredDesiredStateState
(Good Equilibrium)
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 5
Promoting Reforms: Changing the Promoting Reforms: Changing the LandscapeLandscape
Status Quo
(Bad Equilibrium)
DesiredDesiredStateState
(Good Equilibrium)ConditionalityConditionality
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 6
Promoting Reforms: Changing the Promoting Reforms: Changing the LandscapeLandscape
Status Quo
(Bad Equilibrium)
DesiredDesiredStateState
(Good Equilibrium)
““Well Oiled Well Oiled Machine”Machine”
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 7
Background: Corruption in the PhilippinesBackground: Corruption in the Philippines
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 8
From ‘Shot Gun’ …From ‘Shot Gun’ …
The Great Wall of CorruptionThe Great Wall of Corruption
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 9
… … to ‘Laser Beam’ …to ‘Laser Beam’ …
of Corruption
of CorruptionThe Great Wall
The Great Wall
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 10
Background: Background: Why Procurement Why Procurement Reforms?Reforms?
Government procurementGovernment procurementand tax collection are and tax collection are perceived to be the majorperceived to be the majorsources of corruption:sources of corruption:
4 of the top 5 most corrupt agencies featured prominently ingovernment contracting Approximately 20% of govt.contracts go to kickbacks/ commissions Equivalent to P21 B in 2001 just for the national government; much larger if BOT transactions and local government are included
Survey FindingsSurvey Findings Legal Foundations Legal Foundations a Messa Mess
Over 100 laws, Over 100 laws, regulations, regulations,
executive orders etc.executive orders etc. governing governing
public procurementpublic procurement
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 11
MMAAJJOORR FFEEAATTUURREE:: CCCUUUTTTTTTIIINNNGGG DDDEEELLLAAAYYYSSS CCCIIIVVVIIILLL WWWOOORRRKKKSSS
Pre-bid Conference
Pre-qualification (5-7 months)
(2 weeks)
Bid Analysis (1-3 months)
Award of contract (1 - 1.5 months)
7.5 to 7.5 to 12 12
monthsmonths
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 12
MMAAJJOORR FFEEAATTUURREE:: CCCUUUTTTTTTIIINNNGGG DDDEEELLLAAAYYYSSS CCCIIIVVVIIILLL WWWOOORRRKKKSSS
Eligibility Check (1 day)
Pre-bid Conference (2 weeks)
Bid Analysis (1 - 4 weeks)
Award of contract (1 month)
Post-qualification (1 - 2 weeks)
2 to 3 2 to 3 monthsmonths
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 13
Getting from “bad” to good”?:Getting from “bad” to good”?:Creating a Well Oiled MachineCreating a Well Oiled Machine
• How toHow to unify the Executive unify the Executive branch?branch?• How toHow to mobilize civil society mobilize civil society groups?groups?• How toHow to link CSOs and link CSOs and reformers in government?reformers in government?• How toHow to recruit “champions” recruit “champions” in the Legislature?in the Legislature?
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 14
Getting from “bad” to good”?:Getting from “bad” to good”?:Creating a Well Oiled MachineCreating a Well Oiled Machine
• How to unify the Executive branch?
• How to mobilize civil society groups?
• How to link CSOs and reformers in government?
• How to recruit “champions” in the Legislature?
• Ownership is critical
• “Shoot down” workshop
• Formation of TWG
• Revival of dormant GPPB
• Technical analysis matters
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 15
Getting from “bad” to good”?:Getting from “bad” to good”?:Creating a Well Oiled MachineCreating a Well Oiled Machine
• How to unify the Executive branch?
• How to mobilize civil society groups?
• How to link CSOs and reformers in government?
• How to recruit “champions” in the Legislature?
• Disparate, diffused CSOs
• Formation of PWI
• Strategic Bank support
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 16
Getting from “bad” to good”?:Getting from “bad” to good”?:Creating a Well Oiled MachineCreating a Well Oiled Machine
PWI became the cogcog that tied all parties
• How to unify the Executive branch?
• How to mobilize civil society groups?
• How to link CSOs and reformers in government?
• How to recruit “champions” in the Legislature?
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 17
Mobilizing Mobilizing PublicPublic Support Support
Transparency and Accountability Transparency and Accountability Network (20+ member groups)Network (20+ member groups)
Walang Ku-Corrupt Movement Walang Ku-Corrupt Movement (Youth)(Youth)
PAGBA PAGBA &&AGAPAGAP(w/in (w/in Gov’t)Gov’t)
CBCP(Church)
Philippine Contractors Association(private sector – main stakeholder)
Local chambers of Commerce (Private sector)
Drew other civil society groups Drew other civil society groups into the advocacy efforts and into the advocacy efforts and
coordinated the activitiescoordinated the activities
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 18
Getting from “bad” to good”?:Getting from “bad” to good”?:Creating a Well Oiled MachineCreating a Well Oiled Machine
champions:champions: “investing “investing for the future”for the future”
strategic positionsstrategic positions
• How to unify the Executive branch?
• How to mobilize civil society groups?
• How to link CSOs and reformers in government?
• How to recruit “champions” in the Legislature?
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 19
Making it All Come Together:Making it All Come Together:The Media CampaignThe Media Campaign
Became the ’Glue’’Glue’ that linked reformers in government, civil society, legislators, and the general public
“Public relations drive + advertising blitz + political campaign”
Needed local company with special skills to carry this out …
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 20
Reaching OutReaching Out
Radio: The Radio: The swath & the swath & the
daggerdagger
The Media Campaign:The Media Campaign:The Communications The Communications
StrategyStrategy
Print Media: Amplifying the problem
TV: Raising the ante
Advertising: Creating a Advertising: Creating a ‘brand name’‘brand name’
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 21
Conclusion: Managing PoliticsConclusion: Managing Politics
Go Beyond Old Adage of Forming a Coalition
Need to Create a Well Oiled Machine Need to Create a Well Oiled Machine
A Few Key Elements…
Core group of reformers in Government (a “champion” is not enough …)
Technical work absolutely critical
Secure allies outside government – CSOs, private sector, churches, youth …
Media campaign is the glueglue that holds the pieces together
The World Bank
PREM Public Sector Governance 22
Implications for the BankImplications for the Bank
May need to change the way we provide May need to change the way we provide technical assistance and advicetechnical assistance and advice
Need to focus more on implementation, Need to focus more on implementation, steps to make reforms happen in complex steps to make reforms happen in complex political environments political environments -- in addition to -- in addition to technical worktechnical work
Donors have to find additional ways to help Donors have to find additional ways to help finance this processfinance this process
top related