mark up buddhism, shintoism, the philosophy of confucianism, & … · 2018-04-23 · buddhism,...
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Mark UpBuddhism, Shintoism, the
Philosophy of Confucianism, & Hinduism
Buddhism
Origins Founder:•Prince Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha)
Date: •520 BCE
Believers Approximate # of followers: •360 million Followers are called: •Buddhists Founded in India
Monks & the Dalai Lamma
ViewsGods:
• no real ‘gods’.
What do they Believe:
• Buddha taught about suffering. People suffer because of desire or wanting.
Life’s Purpose •Purpose is to avoid suffering & gain enlightenment to be released from the cycle of rebirth, or attain a better rebirth.•A life of moderation
Afterlife•Reincarnation until they gain enlightenment•Nirvana- reaching enlightenment & escaping the cycle.
General Practices •Meditation, mantras, dharma wheels, shrines for prayers and devotion. •Following The Middle Path & The 4 Noble Truths, Noble 8 Fold Path
Holy Texts
•Tripitika
•Sutras- Buddha’s sayings
Shintoism
OriginsFounder: •No specific person; indigenous religion•Founded in Japan
Date: •Ancient; 6th Century BCE (500s)
Believers
Approximate # of followers: •3-4 million
Followers are called: •Shinto
ViewsGod(s):
•The Kami; polytheistic • EX: Amaterasu- Sun
Goddess What do they believe:• humans are generally
good. Evil spirits cause negativity.
Life’s Purpose
•Be in touch with Kami
•Human’s are pure by nature and can keep away evil through purification rituals and attain good things by calling on the Kami.
Afterlife
•Death is bad & impure. Humans become Kami after death.
General Practices Worship & offerings to Kami at shrines and at home. Purification rituals and celebrations
Holy Texts
•Kojiki / Nihongi
Confucianism
•https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tUhGRh4vdb8
Confucianism
•Is not a religion, but a philosophy.
•Founded in China
OriginsFounder: •Confucius
Date: •551 BCE
Believers
Approximate # of followers: •5-6 million
Followers are called: •Confucianists
ViewsGods: •No gods What do they believe:•It’s more a philosophy of how to live•Obey & honor parents
Afterlife
•Not addressed
What is Important? •Ceremonies & rituals are important•Honesty, politeness humaneness, perform correct role in society, loyalty to family & nation.•Purpose of life is to fulfill one’s role in society with propriety, honor & loyalty
Holy Text The Analects- a
collection of Confucius’ sayings
Hinduism
Origins Founder
• unknown
Date
•Ancient, oldest in the world
BelieversApproximate # of Followers
•1.1 billion
Followers are called
•Hindus
•Mohandas Gandhi
ViewsGod(s):•One Supreme (Brahman) manifested in many gods and goddesses•Vishnu, Shiva, Ganesha
What do they believe:•Beliefs vary depending on caste system, etc.
Life’s Purpose
•Purpose is to gain release from rebirth, or at least a better rebirth from doing good things, honoring brahman, having good karma.
Afterlife Reincarnation until release-Samsara- Effected by Karma- Moksha: freedom from the cycle.
General Practices
• Yoga, meditation, worship (puja), devotion to a god or goddess, pilgrimage to holy cities & rivers, live according to one's dharma (purpose/ role).
• Diwali, Holi
Holy Text
The Vedas
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