martha rogers' theory
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Martha RogersScience of Unitary Human Beings
Martha RogersScience of Unitary Human Beings
Argi Virgona Bangun, S.Kp.M.KepArgi Virgona Bangun, S.Kp.M.Kep
BackgroundBackgroundDiploma in nursing, 1936Bachelor of Science degree, 1937MSN from Teacher’s College, 1945Doctorate degree in science at John
Hopkins University, 1954Public Health NurseVisiting NurseHead of Nursing, NYU
Diploma in nursing, 1936Bachelor of Science degree, 1937MSN from Teacher’s College, 1945Doctorate degree in science at John
Hopkins University, 1954Public Health NurseVisiting NurseHead of Nursing, NYU
OriginsOrigins
1. Evolutionary theory
2. General systems theory
3. Physics
4. Adaptation
5. More specifically, her love of science fiction and…
6. Music (Meleis, 2007)
1. Evolutionary theory
2. General systems theory
3. Physics
4. Adaptation
5. More specifically, her love of science fiction and…
6. Music (Meleis, 2007)
Central QuestionsCentral Questions1. What is the focus of nursing?
2. What knowledge gives
nursing an identity?
3. Who is the nursing client?
4. What is the relationship between man and environment?
5. What are the phenomena of concern in nursing?
6. What knowledge is needed to develop the science of nursing?
1. What is the focus of nursing?
2. What knowledge gives
nursing an identity?
3. Who is the nursing client?
4. What is the relationship between man and environment?
5. What are the phenomena of concern in nursing?
6. What knowledge is needed to develop the science of nursing?
Four Basic Concepts (Meleis, 2007)Four Basic Concepts (Meleis, 2007)
1. Energy fields
2. Openness
3. Pattern
4. Four-dimensionality
1. Energy fields
2. Openness
3. Pattern
4. Four-dimensionality
Energy FieldsEnergy Fields
• Unit dasar dari living and non-living.• Energy refers to dynamic nature, i.e.,
continuous motion/ change.• Humans and environment do not
HAVE energy fields. THEY ARE ENERGY FIELDS.
• Unit dasar dari living and non-living.• Energy refers to dynamic nature, i.e.,
continuous motion/ change.• Humans and environment do not
HAVE energy fields. THEY ARE ENERGY FIELDS.
OpennessOpenness
• Merupakan karakteristik dari humans and environment.
• Meliputi time & space.• The energy fields of man and
environment saling terintegrasi satu sama lain.
• Merupakan karakteristik dari humans and environment.
• Meliputi time & space.• The energy fields of man and
environment saling terintegrasi satu sama lain.
PatternPattern
• Karakteristik energy field dipersepsikan sbg a single wave
• Refers only to an energy field (man and environment).
• Changes continuously.
• Karakteristik energy field dipersepsikan sbg a single wave
• Refers only to an energy field (man and environment).
• Changes continuously.
Four-DimensionalityFour-Dimensionality
Energy fields (man and environment) tidak terikat oleh time or space.
Juga disebut pandimensionality
Energy fields (man and environment) tidak terikat oleh time or space.
Juga disebut pandimensionality
Important DefinitionsImportant Definitions
Unitary: seseorang sebagai suatu kesatuan yang utuh, tdk dapat dipisah menjadi beberapa bagian
Nursing: Ketika the energy fields of man and environment are outside of time, keperawatan along a space-time continuum (Meleis, 2007).
Unitary: seseorang sebagai suatu kesatuan yang utuh, tdk dapat dipisah menjadi beberapa bagian
Nursing: Ketika the energy fields of man and environment are outside of time, keperawatan along a space-time continuum (Meleis, 2007).
Essence of TheoryEssence of TheoryThe energy field of the human being interacts
with the energy field environment. (The human being and the environment cannot be understood in isolation of each other).
Nursing Client: Human beings-environment energy fields relationship.
Nursing therapeutics: “Repatterning of man and environment for more effective fulfillment of life’s capabilities” (Meleis, 2007).
The energy field of the human being interacts with the energy field environment. (The human being and the environment cannot be understood in isolation of each other).
Nursing Client: Human beings-environment energy fields relationship.
Nursing therapeutics: “Repatterning of man and environment for more effective fulfillment of life’s capabilities” (Meleis, 2007).
Environment Energy Field
Human Being Energy Field
Clinical ApplicationsClinical ApplicationsOthers have expanded on Rogers’ theory.
Use of an assessment frameworkLiving in the Relative PresentExperiencing comfort from past/presentShared CommunicationSense of RhythmConnection to EnvironmentSense of Self-Identity
Others have expanded on Rogers’ theory.Use of an assessment framework
Living in the Relative PresentExperiencing comfort from past/presentShared CommunicationSense of RhythmConnection to EnvironmentSense of Self-Identity
Clinical Applications (cont.)Clinical Applications (cont.)Creation of Nursing Diagnoses
Disturbed Energy Field
Nursing InterventionsTherapeutic TouchMeditation/ImageryLight, Color and Music Therapy
Creation of Nursing DiagnosesDisturbed Energy Field
Nursing InterventionsTherapeutic TouchMeditation/ImageryLight, Color and Music Therapy
Scope of the Science of Unitary Human Beings
Scope of the Science of Unitary Human Beings
Relatable to ADLs and daily human needs (Meleis, 2007)
Inspiration for environment-patient interactionist theories and practice methods.
Therapeutic touchBarret’s theory of power as “knowing participation
in change” (Malinski, 2006)Zahourek’s theory of intentionality (Malinski,
2006)
Relatable to ADLs and daily human needs (Meleis, 2007)
Inspiration for environment-patient interactionist theories and practice methods.
Therapeutic touchBarret’s theory of power as “knowing participation
in change” (Malinski, 2006)Zahourek’s theory of intentionality (Malinski,
2006)
Increasing Popularity of Roger’s TheoryIncreasing Popularity of Roger’s TheoryNursing focus on holismEmpowers the patient and the
professional nurse as agents for change
Nursing focus on holismEmpowers the patient and the
professional nurse as agents for change
Conceptual ProblemsConceptual Problems“This is a theory whose complexity of the primitive concepts has undermined the clarity of the relationship between the concepts as well as the boundaries” – Meleis, p. 404.
Overly esoteric “…one is also faced with the limitations of the existing English language in describing pandimensionality of a human being field and the influence of the tremendous acceleration of change on humanity.” (Rogers, 1980a)
Conceptual Problems (cont.) Conceptual Problems (cont.) Central Concepts (i.e. energy fields) have limited practical
application.
Contraindications in the theory occur. Example: “delineating the boundary of the human field” with instruments (p. 113) but also states that the human field extends to infinity without boundaries.
Criticized as a “closed system” in which most studies are conducted and/or published within Rogerian scholar circles and publications.
Central Concepts (i.e. energy fields) have limited practical application.
Contraindications in the theory occur. Example: “delineating the boundary of the human field” with instruments (p. 113) but also states that the human field extends to infinity without boundaries.
Criticized as a “closed system” in which most studies are conducted and/or published within Rogerian scholar circles and publications.
The Science of Rogerian Nursing The Science of Rogerian Nursing Not only is nursing theory an articulation of phenomena and their relationships, but such articulation has to be communicated to colleagues in ways that make it possible to test, evaluate, interpret and use these articulations.” (Meleis, p. 41)
Rogers labeled her work as a “science”, or conceptual model. “She reinforced the idea that nursing is based on a science.”
(Meleis, p. 406) However, she was openly critical of evidence-based practice. References to quantum physics are apparent attempts to legitimize
the concepts. Existing scientific methodology fails to capture the
“immeasurable” components of the theory.
Not only is nursing theory an articulation of phenomena and their relationships, but such articulation has to be communicated to colleagues in ways that make it possible to test, evaluate, interpret and use these articulations.” (Meleis, p. 41)
Rogers labeled her work as a “science”, or conceptual model. “She reinforced the idea that nursing is based on a science.”
(Meleis, p. 406) However, she was openly critical of evidence-based practice. References to quantum physics are apparent attempts to legitimize
the concepts. Existing scientific methodology fails to capture the
“immeasurable” components of the theory.
Have any question..?Have any question..?
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