meagan hatton department of geography poverty and hiv/aids in east texas
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Meagan Hatton
Department of
Geography
POVERTY AND HIV/AIDS IN EAST
TEXAS
HIV/AIDS has killed over 550,000 people in the U.S.
Treatments- Infected people living longer
Rates are highest in extreme poverty areas and among Blacks (CDC, 2011)
Texas ranks 4 th for highest rates (CDC, 2012),
East Texas: highest rates
BACKGROUND
Level of Education: Prevention to reduce risky behaviors (Kim, 2006)
Income and Poverty: Access to care & transportation (CDC, 2008) Extreme poor urban areas have higher risk (CDC, 2011)
Race/Ethnicity: HIV prevalence is 8 times higher than Whites (CDC, 2010)
Socioeconomic Status: More disadvantaged people tend to live in disadvantaged
places-> Place Vulnerability (Oppong and Harold, 2009)
HIV FACTORS
Metropolitan counties: Dallas, Ft. Worth, Harris, and Travis
Extreme urban poverty vs. Rural poverty
High Black populations
High rates of poverty and income inequality
Harris County has highest rate in Texas
WHY EAST TEXAS?
1. Counties with high percentages of Blacks will have high rates of HIV/AIDS.
2. Counties with high rates of poverty will have high rates of HIV/AIDS.
3. More urban areas have higher HIV/AIDS rates.
4. Counties with a high % of people with low SES have high rates of HIV/AIDS.
RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
HIV/AIDS cases: De-identified zip code level data- 1999-2008: TX Dept. of State Health Services
East Texas: Defined by the 2010 Texas Epidemic Profi le
Statistical and spatial analysis
Variables: Race/Ethnicity, % Poverty, Education, Urban/Rural areas
from 2010 Census
METHODOLOGY
Study Area: East Texas Counties
Rate of HIV/AIDS in East Texas Counties: 1999-2008
Percent White By County
-.459**
Percent Black By County
.336**
Percent Hispanic By County
.333**
Percent Urban By County
.323**
Percent Poverty By County
.217*
Percent With Less Than a High School Diploma
.171
HIV/AIDS is much higher in the central portion of east Texas, particularly in urban areas and neighboring counties.
Poverty, % Blacks, % Hispanics, and urban areas had
a positive, significant correlation with the rate of HIV/AIDS.
% Whites had a negative, significant correlation with the rate of HIV/AIDS in a county.
Level of education was not statistically significant
RESULTS
Poverty - Extreme urban poverty
Blacks and Hispanics have high rates, with high rates of poverty
Education - not statistically significant
ANALYSIS
HIV is highest among minoritiesHIV is highest in areas with high povertyHIV is highest in urban areas
CONCLUSION
In-depth neighborhood spatial analysis in selected counties with highest rates
Hispanic population
Pinpoint risk factors - Mode of transmission
FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS
QUESTIONS?
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