measuring up 2004 oregon. exhibit a measuring up: the basics looks at higher education for the...

Measuring Up 2004

Oregon

EXHIBIT A

Measuring Up: The Basics

• Looks at higher education for the entire state, not individual colleges and universities.

• Focuses on undergraduate education and training beyond high school.

• Measures “performance,” not “effort.”• “Diagnostic” rather than “prescriptive.”• New this year: progress over the past decade.

EXHIBIT A

Measuring Up: The Basics

• Six categories of performance (five graded).• Grades benchmarked to “best performing”

states.• Uses nationally comparable data, available

from public sources.• Uses the most recent data available.

– In general, data have a two-year time lag.– Affordability data are one year old.

EXHIBIT A

Measuring Up: Graded Categories

• Preparation: How adequately are students being prepared for education and training beyond high school?

• Participation: Do state residents enroll in education and training beyond high school?

• Affordability: How affordable is higher education for students and their families?

• Completion: Do students make progress toward and complete certificates and degrees in a timely manner?

• Benefits: What benefits does the state receive as a result of having a more highly-educated population?

• Learning: What is known about student learning as a result of education and training beyond high school?

EXHIBIT A

National Trends:Over the Past Decade• Eight states improved substantially in

Preparation as well as in Participation.• Thirty-six states, including Oregon,

improved substantially in Preparation but failed to improve in Participation.

• Almost all states, including Oregon, have lost ground in Affordability.

EXHIBIT A

Over the Past Decade, Oregon Has Slipped in Providing College Opportunities

EXHIBIT A

OREGON

2004 Report Card

Preparation

Participation

Affordability

Completion

Benefits

Learning

C

B-

F

C

B

I

EXHIBIT A

OREGON

Improvement Over Past Decade

Preparation Participation Affordability Completion Benefits Learning

What do the arrows mean?

Improved on more than half of the indicators in the category.

Improved on some, but no more than half, of the indicators in the category.

Declined on every indicator in the category.

?

EXHIBIT A

Preparation

2004Grade

ImprovementOver Decade

C

OREGON

EXHIBIT A

NATIONAL SNAPSHOTPreparation

EXHIBIT A

WESTERN REGIONPreparation

Oregon’s performance in Preparation is in the middle of the Western states.

73

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

NM NV AZ OR ID CA HI WY AK WA SD ND MT CO UT

Western States

AA-B+BB-C+CC-D+DD-F

= 93 and up= 90-92= 87-89= 83-86= 80-82= 77-79= 73-76= 70-72= 67-69= 63-66= 60-62= Below 60

Grades

EXHIBIT A

STRENGTHS• 8th graders perform fairly well on national

exams in math, science, and reading. • Two-thirds of secondary students taught by

qualified teachers. Percentage increased substantially over past decade, surpassing national improvements on this measure.

PreparationOREGON

EXHIBIT A

STRENGTHS• Over past decade, percentage of minority

ethnic young adults with high school diploma has increased. However, large gaps remain between educational attainment of whites and minority ethnic groups.

PreparationOREGON

EXHIBIT A

WEAKNESSES• Performance of low-income 8th graders in

math only fair. • Small proportions of 11th and 12th graders

take and score well on Advanced Placement tests and college entrance exams.

PreparationOREGON

EXHIBIT A

Participation

2004Grade

ImprovementOver Decade

B-

OREGON

EXHIBIT A

NATIONAL SNAPSHOTParticipation

EXHIBIT A

Oregon’s performance in Participation is in the middle of the Western states.

80

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

ID AK WA MT NV UT OR HI CO WY SD AZ NM ND CA

Western States

ParticipationWESTERN REGION

AA-B+BB-C+CC-D+DD-F

= 93 and up= 90-92= 87-89= 83-86= 80-82= 77-79= 73-76= 70-72= 67-69= 63-66= 60-62= Below 60

Grades

EXHIBIT A

Participation

WEAKNESSES• Over past decade, likelihood of 9th graders

enrolling in college within four years declined—one of steepest declines in nation. Decrease due to decline in percentage of students graduating from high school within four years, and decline in percentage of graduates immediately going on to college.

• Gaps in college participation between whites and minority ethnic groups increased over decade.

OREGON

EXHIBIT A

2004Grade

ImprovementOver Decade

F

AffordabilityOREGON

EXHIBIT A

NATIONAL SNAPSHOTAffordability

EXHIBIT A

Oregon’s performance in Affordability is among the worst in the West; although, overall performance in the region is poor.

43

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

MT OR SD ND AZ NV WA WY AK NM CO ID HI UT CA

Western States

WESTERN REGIONAffordability

AA-B+BB-C+CC-D+DD-F

= 93 and up= 90-92= 87-89= 83-86= 80-82= 77-79= 73-76= 70-72= 67-69= 63-66= 60-62= Below 60

Grades

EXHIBIT A

Affordability

WEAKNESSES• Net college costs for low- and middle-income

students to attend community colleges represent over 40% of annual family income. For same students at public four-year colleges and universities, net costs represent nearly 50% of income. Percentages increased substantially over past decade.

OREGON

EXHIBIT A

Completion

2004Grade

ImprovementOver Decade

C

OREGON

EXHIBIT A

NATIONAL SNAPSHOTCompletion

EXHIBIT A

Oregon’s performance in Completion is in the middle of the Western states.

74

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

AK NV NM CA OR HI MT ID AZ CO UT ND SD WY WA

Western States

WESTERN REGIONCompletion

AA-B+BB-C+CC-D+DD-F

= 93 and up= 90-92= 87-89= 83-86= 80-82= 77-79= 73-76= 70-72= 67-69= 63-66= 60-62= Below 60

Grades

EXHIBIT A

STRENGTHS• Very large percentage of freshmen return

for second year at four-year colleges and universities. Percentage increased slightly over past decade, while nation declined.

• Large percentage of students at four-year colleges and universities complete bachelor’s degree within six years.

CompletionOREGON

EXHIBIT A

WEAKNESSES• Fairly small percentage of first-year

students at community colleges return for second year.

CompletionOREGON

EXHIBIT A

Benefits

2004Grade

ImprovementOver Decade

B

OREGON

EXHIBIT A

NATIONAL SNAPSHOTBenefits

EXHIBIT A

Oregon’s performance in Benefits is in the middle of the Western states.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

WY NV SD ID ND MT NM UT HI OR AZ AK WA CA CO

Western States

85

WESTERN REGIONBenefits

AA-B+BB-C+CC-D+DD-F

= 93 and up= 90-92= 87-89= 83-86= 80-82= 77-79= 73-76= 70-72= 67-69= 63-66= 60-62= Below 60

Grades

EXHIBIT A

Benefits

STRENGTHS• High percentage of residents have

bachelor’s degree. Percentage increased substantially over past decade, mirroring national increase. However, many residents earned degrees in other states.

OREGON

EXHIBIT A

Benefits

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION• If all ethnic groups had same educational

attainment and earnings as whites, total personal income in state would be about $1.3 billion higher, and state would realize an estimated $464 million in additional tax revenues.

OREGON

EXHIBIT A

Forty-five states, including Oregon, receive an Incomplete in Learning because no comparable data exist to allow for meaningful state-by-state comparisons.

2004Grade

I

LearningOREGON

EXHIBIT A

LearningNATIONAL SNAPSHOT

EXHIBIT A

GRADING LEARNING

States with a “plus” grade (IL, KY, NV, OK, SC) participated in a national pilot project on measuring Learning led by the National Forum on College-Level Learning.

Learning

EXHIBIT A

GRADING LEARNING

The pilot project measured the states in terms of:

• Literacy levels of the state’s residents What are the abilities of the college-educated?

• Graduates’ readiness for advanced practice How well do colleges and universities enable students to contribute to the workforce?

• Performance of college graduates How effectively can college graduates communicate and solve problems?

Learning

EXHIBIT A

Policy Questions

OREGON

EXHIBIT A

• Can Oregon link higher education with K–12 schools more effectively to improve student preparation for college?

• Can Oregon increase the number of students who finish high school within four years and enroll in college thereafter?

Policy QuestionsOREGON

EXHIBIT A

• Can the community colleges in Oregon become more affordable, particularly for low- and middle-income families?

• Can the state develop financial aid programs targeted to address access and affordability, and to encourage the college enrollment of students from low-income families?

Policy QuestionsOREGON

EXHIBIT A

• Can Oregon increase the number of students earning a bachelor’s degree, or will the state continue to rely on other states and nations for a more highly educated workforce?

Policy QuestionsOREGON

EXHIBIT A

Full State Report:• Measuring Up 2004

http://measuringup.highereducation.org

About the Center:• The National Center for Public Policy and

Higher Education http://www.highereducation.org

For More Information