mechanical systems
Post on 25-Feb-2016
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Mechanical SystemsMechanical Systems
Topic 1 - Levers and Inclined PlanesTopic 1 - Levers and Inclined Planes
Lever • A simple machine that changes the amount of force you need to
move an object
Parts of a lever
1. Fulcrum – The fixed point that is the lever’s point of rotation
2. Effort Force – The force you exert on a lever to make it move
3. Load – The mass of an object moved or lifted by the lever
Three Classes of Levers
1. Class 1 Lever – The fulcrum is between the effort and the load
2. Class 2 Lever – The load is between the effort and the fulcrum
3. Class 3 Lever – The effort is between the fulcrum and the load
Examples of Levers
Class 1 Levers – A see – saw, hammer, scissors, pliers, trolley, crowbar
Class 2 Levers – Bottle opener, stapler, wheelbarrow, nail clippers, nutcracker
Class 3 Levers – Fishing rod, tweezers, tongs, hockey stick
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Inclined Planes
An inclined plane is a ramp or a slope that reduces the force you need to lift something.
• Inclined planes and levers reduce the work you do to move an object.
Topic 2 – The Wheel and Axle, Gears Topic 2 – The Wheel and Axle, Gears and Pulleysand Pulleys
The Wheel and Axle
Wheels and Axles are also simple machines that provide a mechanical advantage.
Examples:
Gears
A simple machine that consists of a wheel with teeth that is used to reduce work.
Pulleys
A simple machine consisting of a grooved wheel with a rope or chain running through the groove. These are used to make work more convenient and even reduce work.
• Pulleys can be fixed or movable
• Complex pulley systems are used to move very heavy loads
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