medical terminlogy
Post on 19-Jun-2015
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Pre-Med Course ‘14
MedicalTerminology
BY: KAREEM HUSSEIN
Medical Term structure
.1Prefix.2Word root
.3Combining vowel.4suffix
Medical terms are “compound words”
Compound terms are either
1. Prefix
2. Word root + Word root
3. Suffix
Combining vowels are “ o, i , e , u , a or y “
They are used to make the words easier to pronounce.
Ex. Gastr/o Cardi/o
Prefixes
Color position Direction number Mutual relations
1. color
1. Erythro/ ex. Erythro/cytes
2. Leuko/ ex. Leuko/cytes
3. Melano/ ex. Melanoma
4. Xantho/ ex. Xanthoma
5. Cyano/ ex. Cyanosis
2 .position
Ex. meaning prefix
Epidermis-supraclavicular above Epi = supra
Sublingual-infrared below Sub = infra
Perianal-circumoral Around Peri = circum
Extra&intranuclear Outside X inside Extra X intra
percutaneous through per
retrosternal behind retro
mesothelium middle meso
3 .direction
Ex. meaning prefix
upward X downward Superior X inferior
Near X far Proximal X distal
Near center X away from center
Medial X lateral
In front X at the back Anterior X posterior
In front X at the back Ventral X dorsal
Abduction - adduction Towars X away from Ab- X ad-
Levo-rotatory Right X left dextro- X levo
Towards the head X away from the head
Cranial X caudal
4 .numbergreek latin english
Hemi- Semi- Half
Mono- Uni- One
Di- Bi- Two
Tri- Tri- Three
Tetra- Quadr- Four
Penta- Quint five
Prefix Meaning Ex.
Multi- X nulli- Many X none Multi/para
Micro- X macro- Small X big Macro/gloss/ia
Iso- equal Iso/tonic
Brady- X tachy- Slow X fast Brady/card/ia
Hyper- X hypo- Increased X decreased Hypo/therm/ia
5 .Mutual relations
Prefix Meaning Ex.
Homo- X hetero- Same X different homo/sexual
A- / An- Without a/pnea& an/emia
Anti- = contra- against Anti/toxin& contra/indicated(forbidden)
Trans- Across Blood Trans/fusion
Dys- Painful or difficult Dys/pnea
Pseudo- False Pseudo/cyst
Auto- Self Auto/immunity
Word root
The foundation of the medical term
2 word roots can form medical term (combound word)
Ex. Gastr/o/spleen/ic
Root (Organ) meaning
Encephalo- Brain
Oculo- Eye
Naso- Nose
Stomato- Mouth
Dento- Teeth
Glosso- = lingo- Togue
Gastro- Stomach
Entero- Intestine
Recto- Rectum
Hepato Liver
Spleno- Spleen
Pancratico- Pancreas
Nephro- Kidney
Cardio Heart
Pulmo- lung
Word root + Suffix
Noun adjectiveSingular &
blural Suffix meaning Ex.
Ism- / osis- Condition Hyper/thyroid/ismCyan/osis
Ist- Specialist card/i/olog/ist
Ology- Study of Card/i/ology
Scope- Tool to see Larynge/o/scope
itis- Inflammation Tonsil/itis
Ectomy- Surgical removal
Mast/ectomy
Suffix
Meaning
Ous- Having Fam/ous
Able-
Ability Inject/able
ic- State of An/aem/ic
Singular & plural
Single plural
Gangli/on Gangli/a
Carcino/ma Carcino/mata
Cris/is Cris/es
Laryn/x Laryn/ges
Vertebr/a Vertebr/ae
Bacill/us Bacill/I
Bacteri/um Bacteri/a
Cort/ex append/ix Cort/ices append/ices
Thor/ax Thor/aces
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