medical terminology
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MEDICAL MEDICAL TERMINOLOGYTERMINOLOGY
The Language of the Health The Language of the Health ProfessionProfession
ORIGIN OF MEDICAL ORIGIN OF MEDICAL TERMSTERMS
Hippocrates was a Hippocrates was a Greek physician Greek physician and is known as and is known as the “father of the “father of medicine.”medicine.”
75% of medical 75% of medical terms are based terms are based on either Greek or on either Greek or Latin words.Latin words.
ROOT WORDSROOT WORDS
A root is the A root is the foundation or foundation or basic meaning of basic meaning of a word.a word.
May appear with May appear with a prefix or suffix, a prefix or suffix, or between a or between a prefix or suffix.prefix or suffix.
Examples:Examples: card - root for heartcard - root for heart hepat- root for liverhepat- root for liver neur - root for neur - root for
nervenerve nephr - root for nephr - root for
kidneykidney cyt- root for cellcyt- root for cell
PREFIXPREFIXExamples:Examples: Pre - prefix means Pre - prefix means
beforebefore peri- prefix means peri- prefix means
aroundaround hemi - prefix means hemi - prefix means
halfhalf macro - prefix means macro - prefix means
largelarge neo- prefix means newneo- prefix means new
The prefix is a The prefix is a part of the word part of the word that precedes that precedes the word root the word root and changes its and changes its meaning.meaning.
Often indicates Often indicates location, time, location, time, or number.or number.
SUFFIXSUFFIX
A suffix is the word A suffix is the word ending that follows ending that follows the word root and the word root and changes its changes its meaning.meaning.
Often indicates the Often indicates the procedure, procedure, condition, condition, disorder, or disorder, or disease.disease.
CardiologyCardiology
Cardi - root means Cardi - root means heart.heart.
-ology - suffix -ology - suffix means the study means the study of.of.
Cardiology - the Cardiology - the study of the heart.study of the heart.
NephritisNephritis
Nephr - root words Nephr - root words means kidneymeans kidney
-itis suffix means -itis suffix means inflammationinflammation
Nephritis means Nephritis means inflammation of inflammation of the kidneythe kidney
Combining FormsCombining Forms
Combining form consists of the Combining form consists of the word root and a connecting vowel to word root and a connecting vowel to make it easier to pronounce and make it easier to pronounce and attach another root word or suffix.attach another root word or suffix.
Combining form for heart is cardiCombining form for heart is cardi
Combining form associated with Combining form associated with cells is cytcells is cyt
Basic Rules for the Basic Rules for the Combining VowelCombining Vowel
The combining vowel is not used The combining vowel is not used when the suffix begins with a when the suffix begins with a vowel. (neuritis)vowel. (neuritis)
The combining vowel is used when The combining vowel is used when the suffix begins with a consonant. the suffix begins with a consonant. (neuroplasty)(neuroplasty)
Break down and define the Break down and define the following medical terms…following medical terms…
PericarditisPericarditis
Pericarid its
Peri-m eans around
-card i-m eans the heart
-itism eans in flam m ation
LeukocyteLeukocyte
leuko- prefix means leuko- prefix means whitewhite
cyte - root word cyte - root word means cellmeans cell
leukocyte means leukocyte means white cellwhite cell
HepatitisHepatitis hepat - root word hepat - root word
means livermeans liver
-itis - suffix means -itis - suffix means inflammationinflammation
hepatitis - means hepatitis - means inflammation of inflammation of the liverthe liver
NeuroplastyNeuroplasty
neuro - root word means neuro - root word means nerve or nervesnerve or nerves
-plasty - suffix means -plasty - suffix means surgical repairsurgical repair
neuroplasty means surgical neuroplasty means surgical repair of the nerverepair of the nerve
Pronunciation of Medical Pronunciation of Medical TermsTerms
ch is sometimes pronounced like a k ch is sometimes pronounced like a k
i.e. chemoreceptor, chronici.e. chemoreceptor, chronic ps is pronounced like sps is pronounced like s
i.e. psychiatry, psychologyi.e. psychiatry, psychology Pn is pronounced with only the n soundPn is pronounced with only the n sound
i.e. pneumonia, pneumogastrici.e. pneumonia, pneumogastric
Pronunciation cont’dPronunciation cont’d c and g are given the soft sound of s and j c and g are given the soft sound of s and j
respectivelyrespectively
i.e. cell, cilia, genetics, Giardiai.e. cell, cilia, genetics, Giardia ae and oe are pronounced eeae and oe are pronounced ee
i.e. fasciae, coelomi.e. fasciae, coelom i at the end of a word is pronounced eye (to form a i at the end of a word is pronounced eye (to form a
pluralplural
i.e. alveoli, glomerulii.e. alveoli, glomeruli es when forming the final letters of a word, is often es when forming the final letters of a word, is often
pronounced as a separate syllablepronounced as a separate syllable
i.e. nares (nah’reez)i.e. nares (nah’reez)
THE ENDTHE END
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