medication administration by: carolyn mccune rn, bsn, msn, crnp
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Medication Administration
By: Carolyn McCune RN, BSN, MSN, CRNP
Percutaneous Administration
Medications application to the skin or mucus membranes Ointments, creams, powders, lotions,
solutions into the mouth, eye, ear, nose, or vagina. Medications inhaled into the lungs
Reduced incidence of side effects but can be messy.
Creams, lotions and ointments
Creams Lotions Ointments
Patient teaching-Very important if patient or family administering
Always review the 6 patient rights for drug administration.
Dressings
Medicated dressings to treat wounds
Some protect
Patch Testing for Allergens
To identify sensitivity to allergens The antigens are placed in direct
contact with the skin and read in 3 and 7 days.
May vary with testing A redness or swelling will occur if
positive
Nitroglycerin Ointment
Used for relief of anginal pain Appying:
Always wear gloves Measure appriopriate amount Rotate application site Cover with plastic wrap and tape in place Wash hands after applying Education and teaching
Transdermal Delivery Systems
Transdermal disk-controlled release of medication.
Applying the disk Education to patient
Medications to Mucous Membranes
Buccal tablets/Sublingual meds Technique and Education Eye Drops and ointments Techniques and Education Nose drops Techniques and Education
Mucous Membranes Continued
Ear drops: Infants-pull earlobe down and back under 3
years of age Adults and over 3 years-pull up and back Education Nose drops and sprays Technique and Education
Medications by Inhalation
Nebulae-sprayed into throat by nebulizer Aerosols-use a flow of air or oxygen uder
pressure to get medications into the respiratory tract. May be done by respiratory therapy.
Education Vaginal medications(applicators,
suppositories, and douches. Technique and education
Starts Chapter 9
Enteral meds-drugs enter directly into the GI tract
Oral, tube, rectal
Administering Meds
Unit dose(single dose) Souffle cup Medicine cup dropper Teaspoon Oral syringe Nipple
Enteral Administration
Enteral-into the GI tract by oral, rectal or nasograstic. Safest and most conventient
Slowest and least dependable NG method-if unable to swallow Rectal route: bypassing the digestive
system and avoids stomach irritation.
Oral administration
Dose forms: Capsules Time released Lozenges Pills Tablets Emulsions Suspensions Syrups
Medications by Nasogastric,Gastrostomy, or
JejunostomyTube
Liquid form of drug if available Tablet form Always flush with water
Rectal Suppositories and Enemas
TechniqueEducation
Review: Always use 6 medication rightMust know how to education the patient and family regarding administration of meds
Start Chapter 10
Parenteral administration-
Parenteral administration
Route other than the enteral or GI tract Subcutaneous Intramuscular or Intravenous Onset more rapid, less dosage
Administration of medications by route other than GI tractThis will be covered in lab
You must know sites for SC and IM injections-please review prior to lab
Intradermal Route
Injected to produce a Wheal Absorption is slow Technique and education
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