meljun cortes computer information processing chapter 5 with notes
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7/31/2019 MELJUN CORTES Computer Information Processing Chapter 5 With Notes
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CCT101: Chapter 5
Storage
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OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
Differentiate between storage and memory
Identify various types of storage media and storage devices
Explain how data is stored on a floppy disk
Understand how to care for a floppy disk
List the advantages of using disks
Explain how data is stored on compact discs
Differentiate between CD-ROMs and DVD-ROMs
Identify uses of tapes, PC Cards, smart cards, microfilm, and
microfiche
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MEMORY VERSUS STORAGEMEMORY VERSUS STORAGE
Memory
Holds data and instructions while they are being processed by
the CPU
Volatile Nonvolatile
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MEMORY VERSUS STORAGEMEMORY VERSUS STORAGE
Storage
Also called secondary storage, auxiliary storage, or mass
storage
Holds items such as data, instructions, and information for futureuse
Nonvolatile
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STORAGE MEDIUM (MEDIA) VERSUS
STORAGE DEVICES
STORAGE MEDIUM (MEDIA) VERSUS
STORAGE DEVICES Storage medium (media)
Physical material on which items are kept
Disk
Storage devices Mechanism used to record and retrieve items to and from a
storage medium
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MEMORY VERSUS STORAGEMEMORY VERSUS STORAGE
Storage devices
Reading
Writing
Access time Minimum time it takes the device to locate a single item on a disk
Capacity
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FLOPPY DISKSFLOPPY DISKS
Portable
Inexpensive
3.5-inch disks
Used on many types of computers
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FLOPPY DISKSFLOPPY DISKS
Characteristics of a Floppy Disk
Magnetic media
Uses magnetic patterns to store items
Formatting: preparing a floppy disk for use Track
Sector
Write-protect notch
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FLOPPY DISKSFLOPPY DISKS
Floppy disk drive (FDD)
Can read or write a floppy disk
How a floppy disk drive works
Shutter Read/write head
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FLOPPY DISKSFLOPPY DISKS
Care for Floppy Disks
Can last seven years
Avoid heat, cold, magnetic fields, dust, smoke, and salt air
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FLOPPY DISKSFLOPPY DISKS
High-Capacity Floppy Disks
100 MB or greater capacity
Store large files such as graphics, audio, or video
Used for backups Zip drive
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HARD DISKSHARD DISKS
Primary media for storing software programs and files
4 to 50 GB capacity
Fixed disks in a personal computer
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HARD DISKSHARD DISKS
Removable Hard Disks
Disk is enclosed in a plastic case
Easily transported
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HARD DISKSHARD DISKS
Maintaining Data Stored on a Hard Disk
Preventive maintenance
Defragmentation
Scanning for errors
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COMPACT DISCSCOMPACT DISCS
Used to distribute software packages Stores items such as data, instructions, and information
Uses microscopic pits (indentations) and land (flat areas) in the
middle layer of the disc
A high-powered laser light creates the pits A lower-powered laser light reads items from the CD by
reflecting light through the bottom of the disc
The reflected light is converted into a series of bits
Land causes light to reflect (1s) Pits absorb the light (0s)
Stores items in spiraling tracks
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COMPACT DISCSCOMPACT DISCS
CD-ROM vs. DVD-ROM
Most computers have CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive
Use jewel case to protect
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CD-ROMsCD-ROMs
Compact disc read-only memory
Can contain text, graphics, and video as well as sound
Cannot be erased or modified
Use CD-ROM drive or CD-ROM player to read
Holds about 700 MB
Used to distribute software
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CD-ROMsCD-ROMs
CD-ROM drive speed
Data transfer rate
The time it takes the drive to transmit data
Single-speed has a rate of 150 KB per second Current drives from 16X to 40X
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CD-ROMsCD-ROMs
CD-ROM variations
Multisession
Additional data, instructions, and information can be written to the
disc at a later time
Single-session
PhotoCD
Contains digital photographic images
CD-R (compact disc-recordable)
CD-RW (compact disc-rewritable)
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CD-ROMsCD-ROMs
DVD-ROMs
Digital video disc-ROM
Can hold much more data than CD-ROMs
4.7 GB to 17 GB
Higher quality than CD-ROMs
Often used for video
DVD variations
Digital movies and audio
Recordable Rewritable
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TAPESTAPES
Ribbon with a magnetic coating
Sequential access
Tape drive reads tapes
External tape drive
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PC CARDSPC CARDS
Thin, credit card-sized device that fits into a PC Card
expansion slot
Add storage, memory, communications, and sound
capabilities Used on laptops and portable computers
3 types
Type I and II used to add memory and communications
Type III used for hard disks
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OTHER TYPES OF STORAGEOTHER TYPES OF STORAGE
Smart Cards
Similar in size to credit card or ATM card
Has an embedded microprocessor
Intelligent smart card Memory card
Prepaid smart cards
Electronic money
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OTHER TYPES OF STORAGEOTHER TYPES OF STORAGE
Microfilm and Microfiche
Stores microscopic images of documents on roll or
sheet film
Microfilm
100 to 215-foot roll of film
Microfiche
Sheet of film usually about four inches by six inches
Often used by libraries and banks due to length oflife
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