member university professional institute and exhibition...ga alloys (ukrainian materials initiative)...
Post on 10-Oct-2020
1 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Mr. Edward J. LeeProgram Manager
Air Force Office of Scientific Research
Member University ProfessionalInstitute and Exhibition
1-5 March 2008
Approved for public release.
2
AFRL Core Work Areas
SpaceVehicles
Directed Energy
Munitions
Propulsion
HumanEffectiveness
Information
Air VehiclesSensors
AFOSR
Materials &Manufacturing
3
World-Wide Locations
Cologne, Germany (ML)Cologne, Germany (ML)
Hampshire, England (VS)Hampshire, England (VS)
Maui Island, HawaiiMaui Island, Hawaii(DE)(DE)
London, England (OSR)London, England (OSR)
OberpfaffenhoffenOberpfaffenhoffen,,Germany (OSR)Germany (OSR)
RamsteinRamstein, Germany (HE), Germany (HE)
Tokyo, Japan (OSR)Tokyo, Japan (OSR)GakonaGakona, AL (VS), AL (VS)
Distribution A: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.
4
Asian Office of Aerospace Researchand Development (AOARD)
• Ceramic Laser, Japan– Developed new fiber laser and significant
progress in high-power lasers– Larger project underway with co-funding from
NRL and interest from AFRL/DE
• Ti-6Al-4V (a + b) Alloys, Korea– Only Russians could produce this type of alloys– Required a lot of precise testing and evaluation– Discovered correlation of low-temp properties
with b grain size• Cracking in Fiber Composites, Singapore
– Developed novel elemental failure method– High-fidelity simulations now funded by Boeing
as part of 787 effort
AOARD is located in Tokyo, Japan with 18 PersonnelDirector: Dr. Ken Goretta
5
European Office of AerospaceResearch and Development (EOARD)
• Autonomous Agents for Air Traffic Control:Czech Technical University, Prague– Autonomously deconflict flight paths in congested
air operations.– Demonstrated in simulation with over 100 A/C
operating over a 10 mile x 10 mile area.
• Scintillation Network Decision Aid– Ground-based GPS scintillation detector network
at equatorial locations around globe– Involvement of African scientists also supports
EUCOM engagement goals
• High temperature magnetic shape memory Ni-Mn-Ga alloys (Ukrainian Materials Initiative)– Dr. Glavatska, Institute for Metal Physics, Ukraine– Designing of a new class of alloys with giant
magnetic field induced strain at 323+ K formechanical and magnetic actuators and sensors.
EOARD is located in London, England with 18Personnel. Commander: Col Stephen Pluntze
6
DoD Research Categories
6.1
6.2
6.3
BASICRESEARCH
APPLIEDRESEARCH
ADVANCEDTECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT
Experiments andDemonstrations
Develops NewTechnologies
Produces NewKnowledge
Distribution A: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.
7
What is Basic Research?
Basic research is systematic study directed toward greaterknowledge or understanding of the fundamental aspects ofphenomena and observable facts without specific applicationstowards processes or products in mind. It includes all scientificstudy and experimentation directed toward increasingfundamental knowledge and understanding in those fields ofphysical, engineering, environmental, and for technical progress.Basic research may lead to: (a) subsequent applied research andadvance technology developments in Defense-relatedtechnologies, and (b) new and improved military functionalcapabilities in areas such as communications, detection, tracking,surveillance, propulsion, mobility, guidance and control,navigation, energy conversion, materials and structures,personnel support.
DoD Financial Management Regulation Volume 2B, Chapter 5,Section 050201
8
AFOSR Roles
• Identify Breakthrough Research Opportunities – Here & Abroad– Regular interactions with leading scientists and engineers– Liaison offices in Europe and Asia, soon in Latin America– 217 short-term foreign visitors; 21 personnel exchanges– 95 summer faculty; 36 postdocs/senior scientists at AFRL
• Foster Revolutionary Basic Research for Air Force Needs– 1181 extramural research grants at 227 universities– 239 intramural research projects at AFRL, USAFA, AFIT– 149 STTR small business - university contracts– 500 fellowships; 1390 grad students, 570 post-docs on grants
• Transition Technologies to DOD and Industry– 100 workshops conducted; 145 conferences co-sponsored– 664 funded transitions in FY06 (~55% response rate)
9
Aerospace, Chemical& Materials Sciences
Mathematics,Information & Life
Sciences
Physics &Electronics
AFOSR Basic Research Areas
Sub-thrusts
Areas of Enhanced Emphasis- Complex Networks - Energy & Thermal Management- Robust Decision Making - Agile, Autonomous Flight- Adversarial Behavior Modeling - Space Situational Awareness
• Physics• Electronics• Space Sciences• Applied Math
• Structural Mechanics• Materials• Chemistry• Fluid Mechanics• Propulsion
• Info Sciences• Human Cognition• Mathematics• Biomimetics
10
2% 3%
9%
8%
24%
54%
AFOSR Budget
FY04 FY05 FY06 FY07 FY08
PE61102F Core $205M $217M $224M $250M $258M
PE61103F URI $105M $116M $105M $108M $104M
FY07 Total Budget: $456.7M
Core 6.1
URI
STTR
DARPA OSD
CII
Breakout of FY07 Budget (Core + URI)
31%
30%
35%
4%Int’l Aerospace
Chemical &Material
Sciences
Physics &Electronics
Math, Info &Life Sciences
11
AFOSR Leads Basic ResearchFunding in Several Research Areas
• Hypersonics
• Laser and RF safety
• Cooperative, autonomous UAV control
• Ground-based space object sensing
• Materials for extreme environments
• Satellite micropropulsion
• Steganography and steganalysis
• Energetic ionic liquids
• Plasma dynamics for aerospace applications
12
AFOSR Supports UniversityIndividual Investigators
• Goals
– Provide revolutionary scientific breakthroughs tomaintain military air, space, and information superiority
– Build collaborations between AFRL and universities
• General Process
– Researchers submit white papers to AFOSR programmanagers
– Promising white papers lead to request for full proposals
– Proposal are merit reviewed for excellence and relevance
– Individual grants typically are for three years
• Broad Area Agency Announcement (BAA) is open atall times to good ideas http://www.afosr.af.mil/
13
HBCU Core Program
• Broad Area Agency Announcement 2008-1 (BAA) isopen at all times to good ideas(http://www.afosr.af.mil/)
• Review Process– Primary evaluation criteria are research excellence
and Air Force relevance– All proposals are merit reviewed
• Partnerships with other funding agencies bringoutside funds to AFOSR for research support inareas of common interest
• Central to the success of this process is a cadre ofdedicated highly capable program managers
14
HBCU/MI Programs (ISP)
• DoD Infrastructure Support*– Proposals due in January 08– Solicitation open to all HBCU/MI– 3-year basic research project up to $100K/yr– Students (graduate/undergraduate) at $25K/yr
http://www.afosr.af.mil/pdfs/hbcu_isp06.pdf * Managed by the Army Research Office (ARO)• Content of the solicitation changes every year.
15
AFOSR Supports MultidisciplinaryUniversity Research (MURI)
• Achieve significant scientific advances– Capture attention of top researchers– Build on results of individual-researcher grants– Encourage multidisciplinary collaboration
• Up to $1.5M/yr for five years• Typically 8 research topics per Service
– Occasional joint topics– One or two awards per topic
• http://www.afosr.af.mil/ResearchAreas/funding_otherOpp.htm
16
AFOSR Supports University-IndustryCollaborations (STTR)
• Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) program provides up to$850,000 for early-stage R&D directly to small companies workingcooperatively with research institutions(http://www.acq.osd.mil/sadbu/sbir/)– Company must be U.S. for-profit small business, 500 or less
employees– Research institution must be a U.S. college or university,
FFRDC, or non-profit research institution– Principal investigator must be employed at small business or
research institution• Air Force planning to support 29 topics for FY 08
– January 22, 2008: Solicitation issued for public release– February 19, 2008: DoD Began accepting proposals– March 19, 2008: Deadline for receipt of proposals– June 30, 2008: Contracts awarded
17
AFOSR Supports Tomorrow’s S&Es
• National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship- Full tuition assistance + $31K/per year stipend- Fellows do not incur any service obligation- Supports 500 PhD-track graduate students- More info: http://www.asee.org/ndseg
• Awards to Stimulate and Support Undergraduate Research Experience (ASSURE)- Provide undergraduates with research opportunities
in S&E fields of DoD interest- Supports 480 undergraduate students during summer months- More info: http://www.afosr.af.mil/ASSURE.htm
• Young Investigator Program (YIP)- Develop long-term relationships with leading junior PIs- 26 YIPs were awarded (3-year grants at $110K per year)- Additional 5 YIPs were selected by regular grant process
18
Significant AFOSR Transitions
• Joint Precision Air Drop System(JPADS): Using GPS and electro-mechanical steering actuators allows cargobundles dropped from cargo planes to steerthemselves to drop zones.
• Coatings and Corrosion Program:Developed non-chromate conversioncoatings, primers, and top coats. Same costas the chromium-based primer but withouthealth and environmental risks.
• Thermal Dip Pen Nanolithography: Tool for fabricating nanostructures by
directly depositing molecules from “ink”-coated atomic force microscope tip onto a substrate.
19
Significant AFOSR TransitionsCont.
• Physically-Constrained IterativeDeconvolution (PCID): PCID extracts mostrelevant information from image data byremoving atmospheric and system blurringto produce a single high-resolution image.
• Luminescent Polymers for ExplosiveSensing: New polymer has beendeveloped that allows rapid broad detectionof all military nitrogen-based highexplosives in a single applicationfluorescent test.
• Tough Nano-Composites: Advanced nano-coatings of ceramic grains
in a hard amorphous matrix increasedmaterial toughness & resistance to failure inheavily loaded JSF engine gears & bearings.
20
Significant AFOSR TransitionsCont.
• Vulnerability to Restricted Sleep: There isno “adaptation” to chronic sleep loss. Evenhighly experienced pilots skills andjudgments are degraded with sleep loss.
• TiAl Turbine Blades: Gamma TiAl wasselected by GE-Aviation as the material forlow pressure turbine blades in the GEnxengine. TiAl provides superior specificstrength and creep resistance.
• Self-Healing Materials:Research has demonstrated the ability toengineer high efficiency self-healingpolymeric composites for many AFapplications. One result would be moredurable and longer-lasting aircraft.
Day of Sleep Restriction
Cumulative Failures toRespond
8 hr8 hr6 hr6 hr
4 hr4 hr
Perf
orm
ance
get
ting
wor
se
SleepAttacks ≥ 30sec.
21
Light Stopped then Revived!
Featured on the cover of Nature
February 8, 2007
• Able to stop a light pulse in oneBose-Einstein condensate (BEC)and revived it from a second,separate BEC
• Controlled processing of opticalinformation via coherent matterwave dynamics
• Important application forcoherent optical and quantuminformation processing
22
STTR: 3-D Nano-Scale Reinforcement forAdvanced Composite Structures
Investigated 3-D composite reinforcement materials utilizing carbonnanotubes to increase performance, reduce weight, and save cost
• UT Dallas developed innovative processes to produce carbon nanotubeyarns
• 3TEX fabricated first ever samples of 3-D braids consisting solely of carbonnanotubes
• 3TEX designed and constructed new 3-D micro-weaving machine andproduced 3-D nanobraid that shows exceptional flexibility, resistance todamage, and high strain to failure PM – Dr. L. Lee
Budget - $850K (FY05-07)
23
• Bipolar operation with alternate (~1 Hz)polarity provides neutrality withoutcathode and avoids electrolytic reaction
positive beam
negative beam
+
+
_
_
John Fenn awarded Nobel Prize (Oct 2002)his work in electrospray mass spectroscopy
Clip System for2D MEMS GridsAllows precise (2µm) alignment ofexternalelectrodes
Electrospray PropulsionAccelerationElectrode
Vstart
Vaccel
Po
Taylor Cone
ExtractionElectrode
DropletFan
ConductiveLiquid L
Ultra Small PropulsionDevices
No plasma, high pressure, high temp in this device. Aconductive propellant flows through a capillary tube orneedle.
24
2005 Nobel Prize in PhysicsRoy J. Glauber, Harvard University
"for his contribution to the quantum theory ofoptical coherence"
2005 Nobel Prize in EconomicsThomas C. Schelling, University of Maryland
"for having enhanced our understanding of conflictand cooperation through game-theory analysis"
2005 Nobel Prize in ChemistryRobert Grubbs, California Institute of Technology
"for the development of the metathesis method inorganic synthesis"
Recent Nobel Prize WinnersFunded by AFOSR
25
AFOSR is Part of DoDBasic Research Enterprise
Total: $1.428B
2008 Presidential Budget
USAF
$376M
26%
DARPA
$153M
11%
Other
$127M
9%
Army
$306M
21%
Navy
$467M
33%
26
MURI 07: Bio-inspired Flight for MAVs
27
First Rewritable 3D Hologram
Nasser PeyghambarianU of Arizona
28
High Energy Density Propellants
Identify and develop advanced chemical propellantsfor rocket and satellite propulsion applications
• Energetic ionic liquids for boost and upper stages• Aluminum nanoparticles for solid propellants• Polynitrogen propellants for upper stages
• Novel high-energymolecular systems
• Explore limits ofenergy storage,stability
• Close integrationoftheory/experiment
0
4
8
12
16
20
Hyd
razine
NTO
/MM
H
IHPRPT II
I
AF-L
301
Dens
ity *
Isp
(lb-s
ec/in
3 )
II
IL
29
Direct launch to space requires:• Gun velocities of > 7 km/sec• Plasma drive
Critical issues:• Railgun propulsion mechanism• Aerothermal loads at Mach = 25
Electromagnetic Railgun MicrosatLaunch
APPROACH:• Increase ablation resistance of
bore by using high purityceramic insulators
• Use augmentation to limit powerin the bore without reducing thepropulsive force
• Use pre-acceleration to preventablation of the bore materials atlow velocity
30
Space Weather: NumericalSimulations of Space Storms
• Important progress toward space weather forecast capability• To develop a modular, adaptive, parallel computational model of the Sun-Earth system• High-performance global magnetohydrodynamics model combined with solution-adaptive, mesh-refinement technology
MURI: Numerical Simulations of Space Storms
Halloween Storms
31
screeningfield
genomic sequence around hox genes in S. platensis7098 bp
HoxE HoxF HoxU HoxY HoxHORF?
diaphorase moiety Ni-Fe hydrogenase moiety
BamHI (1484)EcoRI (4977)
ClaI (2981) ClaI (7047)NcoI (1099)
NcoI (3375) NcoI (6934)
H2Oxygenic PhotosynthesisH2O
O2
genome
mutants• Mine & screen right organisms• Suppress competing pathways• Mutate for higher H2 production• Engineer optimal hydrogenases
sunlight
Cyanobacteria & Microaglae
genes & pathways
• Identified novel H2 photoproducers• Developed high throughput screen for H2• Built ultra-sensitive H2 detection instruments• Engineered mutants in green algae
Renewable & Clean H2 Energy
Collaboration with DoE & AFRL/ML
Biosolar Energy: Hydrogen &Jet Fuel
32
Biomimetic Production of SpiderSilk as Fibers and Thin Film
• To produce silk films possessing highstrength, stiffness and extensibility
• To produce silk fibers possessing higherstrength than original spider silk (10xstronger than steel)
• Spun silkworm silk into fiber matching the superiorproperties of spider silk
• Created film matching the mechanical properties of fiber• Entrapped enzymes in film with no decrease in catalytic
activity
Membranes cast from greenfluorescent protein & silk solutions
Spider silk isstronger than Kevlar,but more flexiblethan nylon
33
Contact Information and More
• AFOSR Home Page: http://www.afosr.af.mil
• POC at AFOSR:Mr. Ed LeeProgram Managered.lee@afosr.af.mil 703-696-7318
Major Grady Phillips, USAFChief, External Programs & Resources Interfacegrady.phillips@afosr.af.mil 703-696-6563
top related