memories of architecture - university of tokyomemories of architecture this model integrates...

01 Karnak Temple(hypostylehallandpylon),Egypt,18th-12thcenturiesBCFormationofEmptySpace:Anenormous,monumentalmassoftheOldKingdom.EmptyspacearoseinthehypostylehallbuiltinthetemplecomplexduringtheNewKingdom.02 Persepolis(TheThroneHall),Iran,520-330BC AwakeningoftheImagination:TheimperialcapitalofthetheAchaemenidEmpireofPersia,whichwasdestroyedbyAlexandertheGreat.Aspacehasbeenrecreatedbasedonanimaginingofthoseruins.03 Parthenon(colonnade),Greece,447-431BC,Pheidias,Ictinus,CallicratesCriterionandCorrection:Strictarchitecturalcriterion(order:configurationofcolumnsandbeams).Daringyetsubtlevisualcorrections(camberofhorizontalmaterialsandconvexcurvatureofcolumns).04 Pergamon(retainingwall),Turkey,3rd-2ndcenturiesBCMountaintopConstruction:Constructedbylinkingtogetherterracesonanisolatedmountaintop355mabovesealevel.AnurbansettlementthatrepresentstheheightofHellenisticculture.05 Pont du Gard(threerowsofarches),France,19BCMaintenanceofInfrastructure:Theaqueductbridgealongtheaqueductthatstretchesover50kmandsuppliedNîmeswithwater.Amajesticstructureoflinkedarchesandaprecisegradeof1/4000.06 Colosseo(exteriorwall),Italy,70-80DynamicsofanEllipse：Theplayersmovewithdirectnesswithinthestadion;theaudiencelooksonfromallaroundwithinthetheatrum.Theellipticalarenapairsbothfeatures.07 Pantheon(dome),Italy,118-128,Hadrianus AchievementofGrandInteriorSpaces：Agranddomewithadiameterof43.8m,builtinRomanconcrete.Thiskindoflargeinteriorspace,achievedforthefirsttime,revolutionizedtheformandfunctionofsociety.08 Villa Adriana(wallofPoikile),Italy,118-138,HadrianusAccumulationofMemories:VillaofEmperorHadrianus,whocontinuedtopatroltheterritoriesoftheRomanEmpire.ThisisanunprecedentedspatialarchiveofhismemoriesoftheEmpire’sarchitectureandcities.09 Casa di Diana(exteriorwall),Italy,mid-2ndcenturyAncestorofSkyscrapers:Tenement-styleinsulaeoftheRomanage,madeupofshopsanddwellings.Thesecametoexceed30minheightasthepopulationofthecityincreased.10 Nandaimon Gate of Todaiji Temple (Daibutsuyo-stylestructure),Japan,1199,ChōgenMedievalRadicalism:Supportsupperandlowerroofsofthesamesizebyitsframe,whichhastallpillarsandmanybars.Theframeanddetailsoftheentablaturerealizedaradicalstructuralbeauty.11 Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Reims(nave),France,1211-1311,Jeand'OrbaisVerticalAspirations:AGothiccathedralwithanavereaching15minwidthandaceiling38

minheight.Itappearsbrightandairythanks tothetracery(decorativescreensforlighting).12 Sainte Chapelle(buttress),France,1242-1248VanishingWalls:Theprincipalstructuresarebuttresses,whichprotrudesfromtheouterwall.Byreplacingtheentiretyofthewallapartfromthelowestsectionwithwindows,theinteriorspacecanbebrilliantlylit.13 Cattedrale di Santa Maria del Fiore(drumopening),Italy,1296-1436,GiovannidiLapo,FilippoBrunelleschiandothersExpansionofTechnology:The8-cornereddome,withaninternaldiameterof43m,placedbyBrunelleschiatopthedrumdesignedbydiLapo.Adramaticexpansionofcreativityandtechnology.14 Palazzo Ducale, Venezia(colonnade),Italy,14-15CAestheticTransition:Thisdelicatestructurecomposedofslendercolumns,pointedarches,andcircularwindowssupportsanenormousupperwall.AsplendidlaterGothicwork.15 Basilica di Sant'Andrea(façade),Italy, 1471-1512,LeonBattistaAlbertiTheoryandPractice:Aconcinnitas,orholistic

harmony,thatresultsfromthelineamentum,orconceptualdiagram.Arareworkofarchitectureinwhichthestrengthoftheoryremains.16 Palazzo Farnese(exteriorwall),Italy,1530-1546,AntoniodaSangalloilGiovane,MichelangeloBuonarrotiArchitectureofWindows:Amansionbuiltwithstuccofinishingthatdoesnotexposestructuralpillarstotheexterior.Moldedelementssuchaspillars,beams,andpedimentsareconcentratedaroundwindows.17 Basilica Palladiana(colonnade),Italy,1549-1614,AndreaPalladioSectionalSymmetry:Existingpublicfacilitiesareencircledbyacolonnadeofserliana(archesandpillars).Themismatchindimen-sionsisdrawnbythesymmetryofthesections.18 Monasterio de El Escorial (exteriorwall),Spain,1582,JuanBautistadeToledoScaleandSimplicity:Acomplexthatincludesapantheon,basilica,monastery,androyalpalace,atascaleof206mx209m.Theexteriorisplainandflat,builtoflargestackedblocksofgranite.

19 Katsura Imperial Villa (Shoin(Shingoten)),Japan,1615-1663,Hachijo-nomiyaToshihito/ToshitadaPrecociousModern:Alucidstructurethatprecedesmodernistarchitecture.Itinteractssensitivelywithitsenvironmentthroughtheintroductionofsuchelementsasfine-tunedeaveheightsandlightshoji. 20 Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève (readingroom),France,1843-1850,HenriLabrousteInnovationfromWithin:Theexteriormaintainsafaçadeofclassicalmasonrystructure.Theinteriorusesslendercastironcolumnsandbeamstorealizeaninnovativereadingroom. 21 Reliance Building(baywindow),USA,1890-1895,JohnRoot,CharlesB.AtwoodFramingofBayWindows:Anearlysky- scraperbuiltfollowingtheGreatChicagoFire.Theexteriorisconstructedwithbay windowscomposedofterra-cottaandglass. 22 Bauhaus Dessau(curtainwall),Germany,1925,WalterGropiusTransparentPellicle:Aglasscurtainwallthat

veilsthegapsbetweenfloors.Itrealizesacontinuous,transparentmembranethatisnotdominatedbythearticulationofthefloorsofeachlevel. 23 Villa Savoye (pilotis),France,1931,LeCorbusierDetachmentofPillarsandWalls:Theloadonwallsisreducedthroughthemainpillarstructure.Thisbuildingembodiestheuseofpilotis,aroofgarden,thefreedesigningofthegroundplan,thehorizontalwindow,andthefreedesignofthefaçade. 24 Johnson Wax Headquarters (work-room),USA,1939,FrankLloydWrightAForestedAspect:Anofficeinteriorforestedwith"lily-pad"columnsthatareslenderatthebottomandbloomintoalotus-leafshapeatthetop.Itpossessesaclassical,upliftingfeelingaswellasthecalmnessofbeinginanotherworldlyforest. 25 Kunio Maekawa House (gableroof),Japan,1942,KunioMaekawaUseoftheRoof:Theexteriorhasamountain-shapedgableroofinthestyleofaprivatehome,whiletheinterioriscube-likeand

modern.Theroofisconstructedtointegrateheterogeneouselements. 26 Farnsworth House (universalspace),USA,1951,LudwigMiesvanderRoheArchetypalSpace:Anearlyuniversalspace,enclosedbyglass.AnuncomplicatedstructurewithI-steelbeamsweldedtotheroofandfloorslabsfromtheoutside. 27 Makoto Masuzawa House (minimalhouse),Japan,1952,MakotoMasuzawaTheSizeofMinimal:Thearchitect’sownhome,builtduringaperiodofarchitecturalrestrictionsafterWWII.Aprototypehomebuiltwiththeminimumneededtolive,yetimbuedwithcreativity. 28 Sky House (elevatedfloor),Japan,1958,KiyonoriKikutakeDevelopmentoftheElevatedFloor:Anopen,elevatedfloorresidencethathasliftedthelivingspaceintotheair.Thelowerportionoftheelevatedfloorcanbeswappedoutforadditionalarea. 29 Gallaratese Housings (colonnade),Italy,1969-1974,AldoRossi,CarloAymoninoSceneryofImpression:Makespracticaluseofthepast(orcollectivememory)thathasaccumulatedinacitythroughmonuments.Pilotisrealizethearchitect’simaginedlandscape.30 Moriyama House (smallboxes),Japan,2005,RyueNishizawaDistributionandCoordination:Thespacesarescatteredwidely,yethaveavarietyofmutualrelationshipsthatcoordinatethem.Thegermofanetworkedspatialphilosophy. 31 Floors [new]TheConversionofHomogeneity:Tohavebothhomogenousspacesaswellasspaceswithubiquitousdifferencesandstrikingfeatures.32 Frames [new]TheFrameworkandContents:Updatingnotjustthesameinfill,butalsorevolutionizingthemethodsofusefortheskeleton. 33 Volumes[new]ScaleandAutonomy:Autonomouslyarticu-latingandconcatenatingvolumesthroughscalesrangingfromminimaltomaximal.34 Passages[new]ExpansionofLinesofFlow:Forlinesofflowthataren’tmerelyroutesformovementbutlinkfeelingsofplace. 35 Exterior Spaces[new]TheWellspringofPossibilities:Drawingouttheshareableelementsthatlieseparatelydormantinthecitytoanoutdoorspace. Memories of Architecture Thismodelintegratesmemoriesofmultiplearchitecturalstructuresintoasingleobject. Athree-dimensionalcollageofassortedbuildings,rangingfromancientEgypttothepresentage,wascreatedusinga3Dprinter.Morethan30rememberedbuildingswerestackedlargelyinorderofoldesttonewest.

Compositiondesign:FumioMatsumoto ExhibitedattheKoishikawaAnnexoftheUniversityMuseumattheUniversityofTokyo.3Ddataassistant:JianingXu 3Dprinting:YasojimaProceedCo.,LTDScale1:300 MadeinJune,2017