michael harris phd, dean and professor, value based leadership, cps, tennessee state university,...

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VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP

Michael Harris, Ph.D.Dean & ProfessorCollege of Public Service

TSU Management Training Program – Session 3October 6, 2016

“Think. Work. Serve.”

Innovation, Entrepreneurship and High

Performance

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A Grim Assessment: “A Crisis” ~ Looking Beyond

State of Leadership?

Recent polls and data suggest that Americans and others around the world believe that we face a “leadership crisis.”

World Economic Forum found in a global survey that 86% of respondents believe we have a leadership crisis.

Studies show that both private and public sectors expect shortage of leadership talent. The Workforce Management Journal, “Companies are heading toward a catastrophic shortage of qualified leaders... Companies are heading toward a perfect storm when it comes to leadership”.

The challenge we face: Can Leadership Be Enhanced?VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP

Leadership is About:

Developing a vision and a collective destinyMotivating people to work together to accomplish extraordinary thingsMaking decisions not arriving at conclusions and

not being arbitrary and capriciousGrounded in values and integrity.

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The Search for a Definition

Leadership defined:

Developing a vision and a collective destiny; making decisions, overseeing change and creating transformations through empathy and collaborative work grounded in and guided by values and integrity.

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Questions

Can everyone be a leader?

Is enhancing leadership feasible?

“Leadership and learning are indispensable to each other.”

- John F. Kennedy

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Leadership: An Art & A ScienceLeadership draws from art & science

Everyone can be a leader! Leadership requires knowing yourself.

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LEADERSHIP

ART SCIENCE

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Leadership: An Art & A ScienceScientific elements of leadership include:

Neocortex brain (analytical mind)- Higher functions- Analytical thinking- Decision making

Limbic brain (emotional mind, amygdala)- Emotional command center- Running all basic social interactions- Only partially conscious

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Art elements of leadership include:- Innovation- Entrepreneurial- Creativity- Personal expression

“The Origin of Innovation andEntrepreneurship Is a Creative Mindset”

- Michael Harris

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Foundation & ConstraintsIt’s about you! Know yourself!

- Core values

External Constraints- Resources- Time- Org. Structure- Culture- Envy & Negativity- Other “Leadership traps”

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Learning from Great LeadersLessons from Sir Ernest Shackleton

Has been called,“the greatest leader that ever came on God’s earth, bar

none.”

-Sir Raymond PriestleyMember of the Nimrod

Expedition1907 – 1909

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Why Shackleton? His leadership qualities are relevant and compelling.

1. Successfully led one of the most extraordinary survival adventures of all time.

2. Has been called: “the greatest leader that ever came on God’s earth, bar none”.

3. His principles and values are relevant.

VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP

Endurance

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Shackleton’s Background (1874 – 1922)

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• An Anglo-Irish• Apprenticed in the merchant marine• Traveled extensively – China, North & South

America, Africa• Participated as a crewman under Robert F.

Scott on the Discovery Expedition to Antarctica.Discovery Expedition to South Pole

(1901-1904)• The team reached 460 miles from

the South Pole• Scott sent Shackleton home and

blamed him for the failure to reach the South Pole. Shackleton (L), Scott(C), & Dr. Edward Wilson (R)

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The Race to the South PoleShackleton (Nimrod Expedition) 1907–09. He and three

companions established a new record Farthest South latitude at 88°S, only 97 miles from the South Pole.

Amundsen (The Fram Expedition) was the first to Reach the South Pole on December 1911.

Scott (The Terra Nova Expedition) arrives at the South Pole on January 1912. Scott and his team perished on the way back.

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The Endurance Expedition to Cross Antarctica: 1914 - 1916

Ad in London Newspaper - 1913

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Over 5,000 men responded!

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The Endurance Expedition to Cross Antarctica: 1914 - 1916

The Endurance Expedition was the first ever attempt to complete a crossing of the continent from sea to sea (Weddell sea to the Ross sea). It would take a land journey of approximately 1,800 miles by foot via the South Pole.

“By Endurance we conquer” (“Fortitudine Vincimus”) -Shackleton family motto

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VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP

The Shackleton WayThe Endurance Expedition: 1914–1916

August 1914: Shackleton and 27 men set sail “Endurance”

December 1914: Leaves South Georgia Island 1

January 1915: trapped in ice just before landing in Antarctica 3

South Georgia

Elephant

Island

1200 miles

1000 miles

WEDDELL SEA

800Elephant

Island

800

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The Shackleton WayThe Endurance Expedition: 1914–1916

Shackleton & crew depart Elephat Island for South Georgia Island 800 miles away, April 1916

October 1915: Endurance is crushed and crew forced to live on ice floes

April 1916: Crew makes way in lifeboats to Elephant Island 6

May 1916: Shackleton and four crew members sail 800 miles back to South Georgia Island 1

August 1916: Shackleton rescues remaining crew on Elephant Island 6

Lessons from ShackletonInnovative and High Performing Leadership

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Empower

Learn from

Failure

Calculated Risk Taking

Be Creative

Team Unity

Forward Looking

Efficient use of resources

Lead by Example

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Shackleton’s Leadership Foundations1.Values & Integrity2.Planning & Calculated Risk3.Forward Looking/Optimism4.Accepting & Learning from Failure5.Lead by Example6.Courage and Humility7.Team Unity/Empower8.Creativity9.Communications/Conflict Resolution10.Flexibility

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VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP

“Never for me the lowered banner, never the last Endeavour.”

- Shackleton “For sudden the worst turns the best to the brave”

-Robert Browning

“Optimism is true moral courage”

-Shackleton

“The best explorer, however, is the man who can both ‘conceive and dare.’”

-H.R. Mill, Shackleton’s biographer.

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Four Elements to being an innovative and high performing leader:

1.Learning leadership and knowing yourself2.Understanding constraints & “Traps”3.Recognizing built-in contradictions

Individualism VS. being a team player Creativity VS. uniformity Challenge the status quo VS. adjust & adapt Forward looking VS. accepting reality

Risk taking VS. punished for failing4. Leadership, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship

Innovation is about new ideas, being more effective, and developing new solutions, achieved through better products, processes, services, and technologies.

Entrepreneurship – it’s a mindset of starting something new.VALUE-BASED

LEADERSHIP 21

VALUE-BASED LEADERSHIP

References Drucker. “Foreword” in Hesselbein, Goldsmith, Beckhard, eds. The Leader of the

Future. (Drucker Foundation/Jossey-Bass: 1996). Gergen. “America’s Best Leaders”. U.S. News & World Report, November 19,2007 Giulani. Leadership. (Hyperion: 2002). Goleman, Boyatzis & McKee. “Primal Leadership.” Harvard Business Review,

December 2001. Harris, M. (2003). Innovation and entrepreneurship in state and local governments.

Lanham, Md.:Lexington books. Harris,M., &Cullen, R.M. (2010). Leading the learner-centered campus: and

administrator’s framework for improving student learning outcomes. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Hughes, Ginnet, & Curphy. Leadership: Enhancing the Lessons of Experience. 2nd ed. (Irwin: 1996).

Huntford. The Last Place on Earth. (Modern Library: 1999). Kouzes & Posner. The Leadership Challenge. 3rd ed. (Jossey-Bass: 2002). Lansing. Endurance: Shackleton’s Incredible Voyage. (Carroll & Graf: 1959). Morell & Capparell, Shackleton’s Way: Leadership Lessons from the Great Antarctic

Explorer. (Penguin: 2001). Perkins. Leading at the Edge: Leadership Lessons from the Extraordinary Saga of

Shackleton’s Antarctic Expedition. (NY: Amacon: 2000). Parsons. “Brain Networks for Effective Leadership”. iedp.com, November 5, 2013. Scwab. “A National Crisis of Confidence”. U.S. News & World Report, November

19,2009 Shahid, Shiza (2014). Why the world in 2015 faces a leadership crisis. World

Economic Forum. Retrieved from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2014/11/world-2015-faces-leadership-crisis/

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Acknowledgements

Presentation Design, Editing, and Data MigrationMichael Harris/ Lornette Stokes/ Alex Frederick/ Tennessee

State UniversityJoe Roesner/Alan Delos Santos/ Kettering University

Roy Tamir/ IU KokomoKen Garner/Eastern Michigan University/University of

Michigan

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