mmc-rajdeep nit warangal
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8/6/2019 MMC-rajdeep NIT Warangal
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National Institute Of Technology,
WarangalMETAL MATRIX COMPOSITE
Presented By:
Raj Deep Gupta
103405Materials Technology
M.Tech (1st)
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C mp site Materials
� T e term c mp site i t e c mp site material
sig ifies t at tw r m re materials are
c mbi ed a macr sc pic scale t f rm a
sef l t ird material.
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INTRODUCTION
MMC(METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES)T ese are t e materials i w ic a metallic base material is rei f rced wit
typically a ceramic fibre,w isker r partic late.
MMCs are differ fr m CMCs a d PMCs
Differe ces exist wit respect t
T e at re a d type f c stit e ts
T e c s lidati a d pr cessi g appr c es.
Pr perty attrib tes a d t eir liabilities.
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Types of MMCs
� C ti s fibre rei f rced MMCs
Ex- SiC fibre i Ti matrix
C pped fibre rei f rced MMCsEx- al mi a fibres i Al,Mg matrix
w isker rei f rced MMCs
Ex-SiC particles i Al matrix
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Types
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Charactersrics of MMCs
� Hig specific stre gt
� Hig specific m d l s
� Impr ved wear resista ce� L w c efficie t f t ermal expa si
� Impr ved elevated temperat re stre gt
� G d fatig e resista ce
� Impr ved dampi g capacity
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T ermal Expa si s f MMCs
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Tail rability f MMCs
It is p ssible t ac ieve specific stiff ess f steel
/expa si c efficie t f Be/wear resista ce
f CI/dampi g capacity f C M all y i Al
matrix c mp sites by appr priate selecti f
matrix a d rei f rceme t.
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Tali rability f Al MMCs
property Aluminium /alloy Al MMC
UTS 350 MPa Up t 700 MPa
YS 300 Mpa Up t 680 MpaDampi g capacity 1% 8%
Fatig e resista ce a d creep resista ce pr perties als g d f r MMCs
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Be efits f MMCs
1.C st be efits MMCs s bstit tes expe sive
materials s c as s per all ys, Be all ys.
2.Perf rma ce be efits(pr d ctivityimpr veme t)
Ex- Al MMCs i raci g bicycles
3. E vir me tal be efitsEx- ca red ce ise pr d ce by a t m biles
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MMC Systems
Matrix Reinforcement Type of reinforcement
Al,C ,steel,Mg, i,Ti,
Tita i m al mi idesa d ickel
al mi ides
SiC,Al2 3,TiB2, B4C,
Grap ite
Particles,s rt
fibres,c ti sfibres,Hollow
Sp eres a d
platelets
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MMCs are ma fact red bot i cast a d
wroug t f orms.
�
I cast f o
rm t ese are made i to
products/components and also Billets/Ingots.
Currently billets up to 250 kg are
manufactured.
� In wroug t f orm MMC are available in f orm of
Extrusion,S eets and Plates.
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Manufacturing Processes
� Solid state processes
� Liquid state processes
Factors used in selection of manufacturing
1. Maintenance of reinf orcement strengt2. Minimization of reinf orcement damage
3. Promotion of wetting and bonding between t ematrix and reinf orcement
4. Ability to ac ieve t e spacing and orientation of reinf orcement wit in matrix.
5. cost
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Solid state processes
a)Powder blending and consolidation:steps
� in t is process, powders of t e metallic matrix andreinf orcement are first blended and fed in to mould of desired s ape.
� pressure is applied(cold pressing).
� T e compact is t en eated to temperature w ic is belowmelting point.
� Mixture can also be consolidate directly by ot pressing.
� T e consolidate composite is t en available f or secondaryprocessing
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b) Diff usion Bonding
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c)Vapour deposition:
� T is procees involves continuous passage of
fibre t roug a region of ig partial vapour
pressure of t e metal to be deposited, w ere
condensation takes place so as to produce a
relatively t ick coating on t e fibre.
(vapou
r is pro
du
ced by electron
beamo
r p ysical vapou
r depo
sition
)
ADVANTAGE w ide range of alloy compositions can be used.
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Liquid state processes
� Dispersion process(stir casting):
T e reinf orcement is incorporated in loose f orm in to t e metal
matrix. T e simplest dispersion process in current use is t evortex met od, w ic consist of stirring of t e liquid metal
and t e addition of particles/w iskers/s ort fibers in t e
vortex.
Used f or manufacturing of cast MMCs reinf orced wit SiC, Al2 3,and ot e ceramic reinf orcements
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b) Spray deposition:
Stream of metal droplets impinges on a substrate in suc a way
as to build up a composite.
It is of 2 types1)Droplet steam is produced by molten bat (Ex-osprey process)
2)Continuous feeding of cold metal in to a zone of rapid eat
in jection(t ermal spray process)
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In situ fabrication tec nique
� Controlled unidirectional solidification of a
eutectic alloy can result in a two-p ase
microstructure wit one of t e p ases,
present in lamellar or fiber f orm, distributed in
t e matrix.
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Secondary Processes
Some MMCs are subjected to secondary
processes f or t e f ollowing purposes::
a)T
oelimi
nate p
oro
city an
d enh
an
cedensification.
b)To achieve fibre alignment
c)T
o
impro
ve distribu
tion
o
f rein
f o
rcemen
t
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Current application of MMCs
Aerospace
Defence
AutomotiveThermal management
Industrial
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Aerospace
� A)Engine components: Good creep resistance,high specific stiff ness and resistance againstf oreign object damage are some of important
requirements f or aero engine components.Al & Ti matrics are currently being used f or
a variety of engine components.
Cu
MMC pu
mp mo
to
rhou
sin
g is bein
gu
sedbecause of excellent compatibility with oxygen combustion.
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� B)Aerospace structures: high specific strength,high specific modulus, good elevatedtemperature strength and adequate fracture
toughness.these attributes are required in
application in application such as struts,access doors, wing, frame, stiff ner and floorbeam.
Al MMC are used f or structures.
� B)Aerospace structures: high specific strength,high specific modulus, good elevatedtemperature strength and adequate fracture
toughness.these attributes are required in
application in application such as struts,access doors, wing, frame, stiff ner and floorbeam.
Al MMC are used f or structures.
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C).Satellite and space structures: High specific
stiff ness, controlled thermal expansion
coefficient and thermal cycling stability are
the requirements.
MMCs are in use in high gain antenna
mast and in platf orm space station.
Graphite fibre reinf orced Mg MMCs in
the f orm of thin walled tubes are used.
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Defense applications
� MMCs are used in Ground, avy, Air Deffence
applications.
Al MMCsu
sed as track sho
eo
f tan
ks becau
seo
f 1: 30% reduction in weight compared to steel
track shoe
2: better du
rability3: Improved abrasion resistance
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Automotive applications
� MMCs reduced vehicle emmisions
� Increase comf ort and styling options
� Improve f uel economy
� Enhanced perf ormanceMMCs are used in
1: Brake discs/brake drums
2: Cylinder liners
3: Drive shaft
4:Push rods
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Industrial applications
� Fly wheel f or Energy storage
� Retainer rings f or high speed motors
�ptical gimbal mount f or an IR Missile seeker
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MMCs in f uture technologies
� MMCs are usef ul f or high productivity, higherperf ormance, light weight devices and cleanerenvironment.
�
MMCs1. ill enable f uture production f or light weight mass
transportation vehicles(trucks,trains)
2. ill enable manufacturing of next genration gas turbineengines having significantly improved thrust to weightratio and reduced f uel consumption
3. ill enhance payload capacity f uture space vehicles
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Conclusion
� MMCs are only class of materials with broad
range of properties and having high merit
index f or almost every application. MMCs
have now overcome most of the technical
barriers and are reaching out both high tech
and mass markets .
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References
� ^Materials science and Engineering, an introduction.illiam D. Callister Jr, 7th Ed, iley and sons
publishing
� Materials research:current scenario and f uture
pro jection------------Metal matrix composite by M.K.Surappa
(IISc Bangalore)
� ^ Ratti, A.; R. Gough, M. Hoff, R. Keller, K. Kennedy, R
MacGill, J. Staples (1999). "The S S RFQ PrototypeModule". P article Accelerator Conference, 1999. 2 (1):884886.doi:10.1109/PAC.1999.795388. ISB 0-7803-5573-3.
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