monitoring natural reserves using wireless sensor network yu xinwen, yang yanchen, zhang xu...
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Monitoring natural reserves using wireless sensor network
Yu Xinwen, Yang Yanchen, Zhang Xu
Institute of Forestry Resource and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry
Contents
Basic data of nature reserves in China Current situation of nature reserves New approach for monitoring
Basic data of nature reserves in China
Total reserves: 2349, 1.5 million sq. kilometer, 15% of land area. 242 National reserves, 880k sq. kilometer Forestry related reserves
Number: 1699, 72% of total reserves Area: 1.2 M sq. kilometer, 12.49% of land area,
80% of total reserve area.
85% land ecosystem types 85% wildlife populations 65% flora community 50% natural wet land Habitat of over 300 rare and endangered wildlife
species Distribution area of over 130 species of rare trees
Current situation of nature reserves
Management issues: Very simple management, Not standardized Weak infrastructure Simple protect method
Situations: No scouting in 25% of reserves No resource monitoring in 75% No scientific investigations in 70% No any research activities in over 50%
New approach for monitoring: wireless sensor network
Sensor technology helps automatically monitor the conditions of reserves
Wireless network helps remotely acquire monitoring data in real time
Seldom labor is needed
What we want to monitor
Environmental parameters of reserves Provide data for reserve protection and
evaluation Growth procedure of rare plants and trees
Provide data for modeling plant growth Activities of endangered animals (mammal)
Provide data for animal protection and ethological research
Candidate reserve Hupingshan national nature reserve, located in Hu
nan province (http://hps.nre.cn/eindex.asp) Area: 66568 ha. Aim:
Protect endangered animals and their habitats, key species: South China tiger
Protect rare plant species and community, key species: Dovetree (Davidia involucrata )
The project will be executed in this reserve as a demonstration and will be extended to other reserves
Construct the sensor network
Easiest way: to use FieldServer, but still some issues exist Budget raising:
The name FieldServer implies it is agriculture oriented, and our project is forestry oriented.
Also it emphasizes on Server, but not sensor network Available Chinese names for FieldServer: 田间服务器,原野服务器, are all agriculture oriented.
Related people will not bother to know the detail of FieldServer
Key problems in application: battery life No power supply in some area of the reserve No enough solar energy receivable in forest Rechargeable battery? Periodically recharge the
battery
Construct own sensor system: Must start from scratch No much experience of using sensor Takes long time But may foster a team skillful to sensor
network
Monitoring plant growth
Using Web accessible camera to monitor plant growth It is relatively easy to monitor the seedling
trees, diameter and height But how to monitor the height when tree
becomes very tall? And crown or crown projection?
Monitor animal population
The mobility of animal makes it very hard to automatically monitor the behavior and population activities.
Using portable device to record animal behavior might be an applicable approach Portable device based recording software Submitting data to database via sensor network
How to use monitoring data
Collaborative project Institute of Forestry Resource and Information
Technology Responsible to constructing sensor network,
software development, data management, providing data service, system maintenance.
Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection
Responsible for the data requirement, data analysis, modeling, evaluation, etc.
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