moon phases or the lunar cycle - flipped out …...moon phases the phase of the moon you see depends...
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Moon
Phases or
the Lunar
Cycle
TEK 8.7B Demonstrate and predict the
sequence of events in the lunar cycle
This lesson takes 3 steps
⚫ Step 1 – go over class notes as a whole
class
⚫ Step 2 – go through the learning stations in
the classroom (need to get textbook and the
tray for the supplies and instructions)
⚫ Step 3 – Explore – answer questions based
on website link – Unit 4.1, Lesson 4: “Moon
Phases”. The link is called “star date”
Step 1
Whole class notes
Moon Phases
⚫ The phase of the moon you
see depends on how much
of the sunlit side of the
moon faces Earth
The Moon
⚫ The moon is the Earth’s closest neighbor in
space. On average the moon is 384, 400 kilometers
from Earth.
⚫ It is about ¼ the size of Earth, which means
that the gravity on the moon is also about ¼ of
Earth’s
The Moon’s Orbit
⚫ The moon revolves around the Earth and rotates on its own axis
⚫ Revolution – Moon orbits the Earth every 27.3 days
⚫ Rotation – Moon turns on its axis approximately every 27 days
⚫ Therefore, The same side of the moon always faces Earth
A Day (and year) on the Moon
⚫ Because the moon revolves around the
Earth at the same rate that it rotates on its
axis, the moon’s day and year are the
almost the same amount of time!
⚫ How does a day = a year???
Moon Day/Year Comparison:
Day⚫ Definition of a day: Rotate
once on an axis
⚫ Earth rotates once = 1
day (24 hours)
⚫ Moon rotates once = 27
earth days
Year⚫ Definition of revolve:
Move around another
body
⚫ Earth takes 1 year to
revolve around the sun
(365 days)
⚫ Moon takes about 27
(earth) days to revolve
around earth
So, a moon’s day almost equals a moon’s
year!
Why one side faces Earth:
Moon’s Rotation and Revolution
Video #2 (Animation)
⚫ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jgoIP90apEs
Phases of the Moon
Near Side of the Moon
You see this all of the time!
Phases of the Moon
Far Side of the Moon
You never see this !
Misconception:
Dark Side of the Moon
⚫ The “Dark Side” of the Moon should really
be called the “Far Side.”
⚫ The far side gets just as much light as the
near side. We just don’t ever see it, so
people previously thought that it was dark!
Moon Phases
⚫ Moonlight is reflected
sunlight
⚫ Half the moon’s surface is
always reflecting light
⚫ From Earth we see
different amounts of the
Moon’s lit surface
⚫ The amount seen is
called a “phase”
FULL
QUARTER
CRESCENT
GIBBOUS
4 Main Shapes to the Phases
Shade in
and label!
Moon Positions = Phases
⚫ Where the moon is located in its revolution
path gives us the phases. It simply repeats
the pattern of going through these four
main shapes
Shapes and Phases
⚫ The four main shapes and the “in-
between” steps are what we call the
phases.
⚫ Let’s take a look at them now.
Moon Phases – label and shade:
New Moon Waxing
Crescent
Waning
Crescent
Waxing
Gibbous
Waning
Gibbous
1st Quarter
3rd QuarterFull Moon
When you look at the actual
moon (not shapes)…
⚫ Can you tell the difference between the
first and second one?
They are actually different
phases.
⚫ The moon is actually in a different place in
it’s revolution – Hence, it is a different
phase
⚫As the moon grows “larger”,
towards becoming a full moon,
it is called a waxing moon.
Words to Know
⚫ Waxing – To increase in size
⚫As the moon grows smaller,
away from being a full moon, it
is called a waning moon.
Words to Know
⚫ Waning – Decrease in size
Identifying Moon Phases – Tips!The shadow on the moon always disappears from right
to left when the moon is growing. If you can see the right
side of the moon, then it is growing.
The moon always disappears from left to right as well.
So if you can see the left side then it is getting smaller.
Crescent Moons are when it’s less than half illuminated,
and gibbous when it’s more than half.
Last Tip!
⚫ Determining Moon Phases in Northern
Hemisphere…
⚫ During the first quarter, the moon will look like a D.
When it’s full, it will look like an O. And when it’s in
the third quarter, it will look like a C.
Cyclical Phases of the Moon
⚫ The moon goes through its whole set of
phases each time it revolves around the
Earth.
⚫ As the moon revolves around the Earth,
you see more and more of the lighted side
of the moon.
Moon Phases Animation
Earth, Moon and Sun
Start here!
Moon Rise
⚫ The moon doesn’t always rise and set at
the same time, but changes depending on
what phase it’s in.
⚫ You can’t see a new moon because it isn’t
illuminated by the sun, and because it
rises and sets at the same time as the
sun.
Moon Rise
⚫ As the waxing moon moves into its first
quarter, it will rise in the morning, reach its
height around dusk, and set around
midnight.
⚫ Full moons come up when the sun goes
down and set when the sun comes up.
⚫ As the waning moon moves into its third
quarter, it will rise at midnight and set in
the morning.
Beautiful moon rise
Compare the top and bottom diagrams:
So What causes Phases?
⚫ Caused by changes in the relative position
of the moon, Earth, and the sun.
Step 2 – Learning Stations
⚫ Go through the learning stations to apply
your knowledge.
⚫ All of the stations are at each spot
⚫ 4 “stations” –
⚫ Read and Respond
⚫ Science Diagram
⚫ Predictions
⚫ Modeling
Step 3 - Exploration
⚫ Use the Star Date link posted on this
lesson on teacher’s website.
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