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Intro to Ecology Notes
Ecology- the study of interactions among _____________________________________ and their
________________________________.
Abiotic- _________________________ factors that shape ecosystems
-temperature range
-light intensity
-pH range
-level of pollutants
Biotic- __________________________ factors that shape ecosystems
-other organisms
-plants
Levels of Organization
1. _______________________________
2. _______________________________
3. _______________________________
4. _______________________________
5. _______________________________
6. _______________________________
Energy in Ecology
Producers-also called ____________________________________
-food from _______________
-photosynthesis-chemosynthesis
Consumers-also called ___________________________________
-food from _______________
Types of Consumers:
1. _______________________________
-Eat plants-cow, horse
2. _______________________________
-Eat animals-lion, shark
3. _______________________________-Eat both plants and animals-humans, birds
4. ________________________________
-Eat dead matter-millipede, snail
5. ________________________________-Break down organic matter-fungi, bacteria
Food Chains-show how matter and _________________________ move through a series of organisms
**Arrow points ___________________ the _________________ of the _______________________
Food Webs-show how matter and energy move through an ____________________________
Made up of a bunch of food ________________
Trophic Level-each step in a food _____________
-Each consumer depends on the trophic level ___________________ it for energy
-Producersprimary consumerssecondary consumerstertiary consumersquaternary consumers
Ecological Pyramids-a diagram that shows the amount of ________________ or matter contained with each tropic level
of a food chain or food web
1. Energy Pyramid
-Shows the relative amount of energy available at each trophic level
-Only part of the energy that is stored in one trophic level is passed on to the next level
2. Biomass Pyramid-biomass=total amount of living tissue within a given tropic level
-represents the amount of living organic matter at each trophic level.
3. Pyramid of Numbers-shows the relative number of individual organisms at each trophic level
WATER CYCLE
CARBON CYCLE
NITROGEN CYCLE
PHOSPHORUS CYCLE
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