multi tone

HEARTRATEMONITORINGSYSTEM

GROUP MEMBERS

• ROSHAN BORSE

• SHRIKANT SURVASE

• AKASH YADAV

• SALMAN MOMIN

INTRODUCTION

• Heart rate measurement is one of the very important parameters of the human cardiovascular system

• IT’S OUTPUT TONE CAN BE SELECTED THROUGH DIFFERENT SWITCH COMBINATIONS

• DIFFERENT TONE CAN BE SELECTED FOR DIFFERENT ALARM SO THAT WE CAN EASILY KNOW WHICH ALARM HAS TRIGGRED

• THE ALARM IN THIS CIRCUIT IS ACTIVATED BY TEMPRATURE

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

COMPONENTS

• IC CD 4060:-

• PIN DIAGRAM:-

DESCRIPTION OF CD 4060

• IT IS A 16 PIN DIP, CMOS INTEGRATED, COUNTER CUM OSCILLATOR

• IC CD 4060 HAS INBUILT OSCILLATOR AND 14-STAGE RIPPLE COUNTER/DIVIDER

• IT HAS THREE OSCILLATOR TERMINAL AT PIN 9,10,11

• IT HAS TEN BUFFERED OUTPUT OF THE COUNTER( Q4-Q10, Q12-Q14) AND AN ACTIVE HIGH MASTER RESET AT PIN 12

• IT IS USED IN PROJECTS WHERE THERE IS A REQUIRMENT OF TEN DIFFERENT SQUARE WAVE AT SAME TIME AS REQUIRED IN THIS PROJECT

• THE OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY MAINLY DEPENDS ON RESISTOR AND CAPACITOR CONNECTED AT PIN 9, 10,11

TRANSISTOR BD 337:-

DISCRIPTION OF BC 337

• The transistor schematic for an NPN transistor indicates the emitter with an arrow pointing away from the transistor

• . It is known as a bipolar junction transistor because it uses a positive (P)-type semiconductor BC337 transistor is a three-terminal current control device used for general purposes. Based on the semiconductor type used, the BC337 transistor is a negative-positive-negative (NPN) type because the main terminals use a negative (N)-type material.

• conductor material sandwiched between two N-type materials. Semiconductors, such as silicon and germanium, are used in the BC337 transistor to control the flow of electrical charges by allowing a control current to vary the conductivity of the transistor’s main terminals.

• This NPN transistor has a base or the control terminal, an emitter terminal, and a collector terminal. On the base-to-emitter junction, the amount of current flow determines the collector current. The ratio of the collector current to the base current is known as beta.

TRANSISTOR BD139

BD 139

DISCRIPTION OF BD 139

• The BD135 and BD139 are silicon epitaxial planar NPN transistors in Jedec SOT-32 plastic package, designed for audio amplifiers and Drivers Utilizing Complementary Or Quasi complementary circuits.

• The complementary PNP types are BD136 and BD140 respectively

OTHER COMPONENTS

• LED1, LED2 - 5mm LED

• R1 - 220-kilo-ohm

• R2 - 10-kilo-ohm

• R3 - 5.6-kilo-ohm

• R4, R16, R17 - 1-kilo-ohm

• R5-R14 - 10-kilo-ohm

• R15 - 10-ohm

• VR1 - 100-kilo-ohm potmeter

• VR2 - 22-kilo-ohm potmeter

OTHER COMPONENTS• Capacitors:

• C1 - 100pF ceramic disk

• C2 - 10nF ceramic disk

• C3 - 120pF ceramic disk

• C4, C5 - 0.33μ ceramic disk

• C6 - 100μF, 16V electrolytic

• Miscellaneous:

• CON1 - 2-pin terminal block

• LS1 - 8-ohm, 0.5W speaker

• NTC1 - 100-kilo-ohm NTC

• thermistor

• S1-S10 - On/off switch

WORKING OF CIRCUIT(1)

• CD4060 (IC1) is a CMOS integrated circuit that contains an oscillator and a 14-stage ripple counter/divider.

• It has three oscillator terminals (1, 0 and 0), ten buffered outputs of the counter (Q4 Q10 and Q12-Q14) and an active ‘high’ master reset.

• It is used in this project to produce ten different square waves at the same time.

• These square waves can be mixed to produce different output tones using switches (S1-S10).

(2)• The oscillator frequency mainly depends on the value of components C3, R2, R1 and

VR1.

• If needed, oscillator frequency can be trimmed using potmeter VR1.

• Trimming is useful to obtain different clock frequencies when several alarms are in use near each other.

• If trimming is not needed, VR1 can be replaced with a fixed-value resistor .

(3)

• With increasing temperature, resistance of thermistor NTC1 decreases and the biasing voltage for transistorT3 increases.

• Once it reaches beyond the threshold established with VR2, transistor T3 conducts and reset pin 12 of IC1 goes ‘low.’

• The make of NTC1 is not critical but VR2 should have an appropriate value depending on the selected NTC.

• The counter in IC1 starts advancing with rise in temperature and square-wave signals start appearing on the outputs.

• Through push-to-on switches S1-S10 you may select the frequencies required in the audio alarm signal.

(4)• The produced composite signal available at the base of transistor T1 is amplified to

drive loudspeaker LS1.

• The mixed multitone signal produced is generally difficult to ignore.

• Though 5V power supply is recommended here, the circuit works with 2V to 6V.

• Also, CD4060 may be replaced with 74HCT4060 or 74HC4060 for IC1.

• LED1 indicates the presence of power supply, and resistor R16 is for current limiting .

ADVANTAGES

• Its output tone can be selected through different switch combinations.

• Such an alarm is highly desirable when multiple alarms are present in the same area.

• Different tones can be selected for different alarms so that you can easily know which alarm has triggered

APPLICATION AND FUTURE ASPECTS

REFERENCE

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