my sql 101

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MySQL 101MySQL 101MySQL (play /ma skju l/ "My S-Q-L",ɪ ˌɛ ːˈɛ

[3] officially, but also incorrectly called /ma ɪsi kwəl/ "My Sequel") is the world's most ˈ ːused[4] relational database management system (RDBMS)[5] that runs as a server

providing multi-user access to a number of databases. The SQL phrase stands for

Structured Query Language.[7] – Wikipedia

Http://slideshare.net/davestokes/presentations

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AgendaAgenda➔ Installation➔ Starting MySQL➔ Stopping MySQL➔ Connecting to MySQL➔ Loading data➔ Looking at data➔ Backup➔ Login/Authentication➔ Where to go from here➔ Suggestions➔ Questions and Answers

David.Stokes@Oracle.com @stoker

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InstallationInstallation MySQL is available for most Operating

Systems Binaries, RPMS and DEBs available Windows Source Code

http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/ Is what I recommend

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/getting-mysql.html

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PackagesPackages sudo apt-get install mysql5 rpm -Uhv mysql5

May have slightly different names, may have client utilities separate

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/linux-installation.html

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BinariesBinariesshell> groupadd mysqlshell> useradd -r -g mysql mysqlshell> cd /usr/localshell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gzshell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysqlshell> cd mysqlshell> chown -R mysql .shell> chgrp -R mysql .shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysqlshell> chown -R root .shell> chown -R mysql data# Next command is optionalshell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnfshell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &# Next command is optionalshell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/linux-installation.html

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Configuration FilesConfiguration Filesshell> cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

The configuration files have not aged well. They were written long ago. Please read through the choices to find one that best matches your system.

MySQL will use built-it defaults, almost guaranteed not to be optimal for your environment if no my.cnf is present

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/binary-installation.html

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Starting MySQLStarting MySQLshell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & This command is what starts your MySQL server. It runs a wrapper script as user mysql in the background. You might also see this wrapper wrapped

/etc/init.d/mysql start or service mysql start

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/binary-installation.html

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mysqldmysqld What is that wrapper running? The mysqld

binary

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld –user=mysql

(And other options from /etc/mysql/my.cnf)

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/mysqld.html

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/etc/mysql/my.cnf/etc/mysql/my.cnf Options for your

MySQL Server Please use as CLI

options are not good for long term sanity!

Use your favorite change control program to track changes

[client]port=3306

[mysql]default-character-set=latin1

[mysqld]# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen onport=3306

#Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.basedir="C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.5/"

#Path to the database rootdatadir="C:/Documents and Settings/All Users/Application Data/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.5/Data/"

# The default character set that will be used when a new schema or table is# created and no character set is definedcharacter-set-server=latin1

# The default storage engine that will be used when create new tables whendefault-storage-engine=INNODB

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/option-files.html

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Configuration file hasConfiguration file hassections for the various sections for the various

MySQL ProgramsMySQL Programs

[client]port=3306

[mysql]default-character-set=latin1

[mysqld]# The TCP/IP Port the MySQL Server will listen onport=3306

#Path to installation directory. All paths are usually resolved relative to this.basedir="C:/Program Files/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.5/"

Settings for client programs

General settings

Serversettings

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/server-options.html

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STOP!!!!!!STOP!!!!!! service mysql stop /etc/init.d/mysql stop

mysqladmin -u root shutdown

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/mysqladmin.html

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ConnectingConnectingshell> mysql db_name

shell> mysql --user=user_name --password=your_password db_name

mysql db_name < script.sql > output.tab

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/mysql.html

Use the mysql client program to connect to the server

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Connect to Another HostConnect to Another Host

shell> mysql –host=host db_name shell> mysql -h host db_name

These two commands are equivalent

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/mysql-command-options.html

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ConnectedConnected

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\s (stats)\s (stats)

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/mysql-commands.html

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SHOW DATABASESSHOW DATABASESterminate with terminate with ;; or or \g\g

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/mysql-commands.html

; \g

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\q\qUse \q to exit the mysql client

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/mysql-commands.html

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Loading DataLoading Data Example databases

World Sakila Download from http://dev.mysql.com/doc/index-other.html

shell> mysql mysql> create database world\gmysql> use world\gmysql> source world_innodb.sql

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/index-other.html

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Looking At DataLooking At Data mysql> show tables; mysql> select * from City; mysql> SELECT Name, CountryCode --> FROM City → WHERE Population > 10000000;

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BackupBackup Physical versus logical

Many options, many tools Restoration from backup needs to be tested

shell> mysqldump --all-databases > dump.sql shell> mysqldump --databases db1 db2 db3 >

dump.sql (and to restore)

shell> mysql < dump.sql

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/backup-and-recovery.html

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Login/AuthenticationLogin/Authentication MySQL authentication is a little primitive The mysql database has tables for login

information Easy to get confused

Use a tool like MySQL Workbench Be stingy with permissions Read chapter 6 of the MySQL manual

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/grant-table-structure.html

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mysql.user tablemysql.user table

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/grant-table-structure.html

Host User Password Privileges Connection constraints (ssl, time, # connections) The server will first check Host address first, then

user and password. Joe @ foo.net can have separate privs than Joe @

127.0.0.1 and % @ foo.net can trump Joe @ foo.net

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WorkbenchWorkbenchAdministrative ViewAdministrative View

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/workbench.html

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You can use the CLI but ...

mysql> select * from user where User='joe' limit 1\G*************************** 1. row *************************** Host: % User: joe Password: Select_priv: N Insert_priv: N Update_priv: N Delete_priv: N Create_priv: N Drop_priv: N Reload_priv: N Shutdown_priv: N Process_priv: N File_priv: N Grant_priv: N References_priv: N Index_priv: N Alter_priv: N Show_db_priv: N Super_priv: N Create_tmp_table_priv: N Lock_tables_priv: N Execute_priv: N Repl_slave_priv: N Repl_client_priv: N Create_view_priv: N Show_view_priv: N Create_routine_priv: N Alter_routine_priv: N Create_user_priv: N Event_priv: N Trigger_priv: NCreate_tablespace_priv: N ssl_type: ssl_cipher: x509_issuer: x509_subject: max_questions: 0 max_updates: 0 max_connections: 0 max_user_connections: 0 plugin: authentication_string: NULL

Yes, you can type in the settings for a new account by hand but it is easy to fat finger one of the thirty privs.

Other tools have similar features and you should use them to avoid dumb errors.

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Where To Go From HereWhere To Go From Here

Training Classes

Mysql.com/training Local user groups or colleges

Webinars Conferences

MySQL Connect/Oracle Open World MySQL Innovation Day (Webcast) SELF

Planet.MySQL.Com Forums.MySQl.Com

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SuggestionsSuggestions MySQL

Administrator's Bible – Sheeri Cabral

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Also SuggestedAlso SuggestedHigh Performance MySQL- Schwartz, Zaitsev, and Tkachenko

3rd Edition!!!

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A New SeriesA New SeriesEffective MySQL Backup and Recovery, Effective MySQL Optimizing Statements, Ronald Bradford

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MySQL CertificationMySQL CertificationAging but stillthe CertificationGuide

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Questions/AnswersQuestions/Answers

David.Stokes@Oracle.com @stoker