national spatial planning framework
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Prof. Budhy Tjahjati S. Soegijoko
28 Januari 2012
NATIONAL SPATIALPLANNING
FRAMEWORK
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Main issues faced in Indonesias development
Inter-regional imbalances
Concentration of manufacturing industries ineconomic growth centers in Java
Unequal infrastructure development and availability
Inhibition of strategic and fast growing areasdevelopment
Underdeveloped border regions and outer islands
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Spatial Planning to Support RegionalDevelopment
National/regional development plans need to be complementedwith spatial dimension (spatial plans).
However, the intended spatial plans for those above mentionedzones, failed to be implemented.
1. There is no synchronization of spatial plans to the different levelsof government.
2. The spatial plans that were prepared do not match the existingland use and vice versa.
3. Spatial development practices currently adopted are very biased
toward sectoral development programs, weak faced withsectoral development, conflicts between the sectoral spatialplans to not fourth of an integrated and synchronized spatialplans, conflicts of use emerged.
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Prevailing Issues in Spatial Planning
The lack of the complete government regulation mandated by thespatial management law and adopted Norm, Standard, Procedureand Manual, inhibiting the implementation of spatial planning ormanagement at present.
Low quality of spatial plans produce so far quality of the database.
The current spatial plans are more land-based, focusing on landissues. Marine, coastal, small islands spatial management issueshave not been addresses properly conflicting marine and coastalspace utilization, marine resources not been optimally utilized.
Absence of legal security of plan implementation and lack of
coordination among the relevant institutions. Low capacity of institutions and human resources responsible for
spatial management. unclear specification of roles, functions andresponsibilities of the institution.
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Legal Responses to Spatial Planning Issues
After the Independence, several efforts had been under taken at spatialmanagement. By that time, there were two regulations on citydevelopment created by the Dutch Colonial government, namely the SVO(Stads Vorming Ordonantie - Urban development ordinance) and the SVV(Stads Vorming Verordening Urban development ordinanceimplementation) in 1948.
Regulation prepared related to spatial management before the adoptionof Law No. 24/1992 on spatial management include among others:
1. Presidential Instruction on the formation of Jabotabek Metropolitanregion in 1976
2. Ministry of Home Affair Regulation No. 7/1987 on Urban PlanPreparation guideline
3. Joint Regulation Ministry of Home Affairs and Ministry of Public Workson duty and responsibility in urban planning (1985)
4. Ministry of Public Works Decision on Urban Spatial Planning (1986)
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Planning Laws and Regulation in SpatialManagement ... (1)
Law No. 24/1992 Mandated the stipulation of 2 (two) other laws and 11 government
regulations. The two laws were never designed, and from the 11government regulation only 3 (three) were produced, these are:
1. Government Regulation No. 69/1996 on implementation ofcitizens rights and obligations as the format and procedure forcommunity participation in spatial planning
2. Government Regulation No. 47/1997 on National Spatial Plan
3. Government Regulation No. 10/2000 on map scale, detail and
accuracy for regional spatial plan preparation Principles in spatial planning namely: inequity, sustainability,
effectiveness, efficiency, compatibility, harmony, openness,equality, justice and legal protection.
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Planning Laws and Regulation in SpatialManagement ... (2)
Law No. 26/2007 Adding new stipulations and regulations.
Aspects of spatial management are institutional legal technical andsocial aspects. Among others these are:
1. Explicit indications on the authority of central, provincial andlocal district.
2. Explicit statements on the contents of regional spatial plans ateach level of government administration regional spatial plans.
The need of complementarity among the plan documents the
enforcement of minimum service standards implementation placedmore attention on the importance of environmental sustainabilitylinkages between the spatial and development plans and programs.
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Spatial Planning Regulatory System
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Legal Framework and Institutions for Spatial
Management
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Legal Basis
The Indonesian spatial management law is on effort to accommodatedevelopment and protection in the national space in anticipation of thecomplex problems and issues related to space utilization.
A better space management in the future is expected to take placethrough the implementation of this law.
Six Government Regulation decreed by Law 26/20071. National spatial plan;
2. Operational regulation of Law No. 26/2007 on spatial management;
3. Criteria and mechanism for formulating defense territory spatial plan
4. Level of accuracy of maps for spatial planning;5. Spatial management of natural resources including land, water, air as
natural resources;
6. Form and mechanism of community participation.
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Classification of Spatial PlanningClassification
based on
SYSTEM
MAIN FUNCTION
OF AREA
ADMINISTRATIVEREGION
REGION ACTIVITY
STRATEGIC VALUEOF AREA
REGIONAL SYSTEM URBAN INTERNAL SYSTEM
CONSERVATION AREA CULTIVATED AREA
NATIONALSPAT. PLAN
PROVINCESPAT. PLAN
CITY/DISTRICT
SPAT. PLAN
URBAN AREA SPAT. PLANNING RURAL AREA SPAT. PLANNING
NATIONALSTRATEGIC AREA
PROVINCIALSTRATEGIC AREA
CITY/DISTRICT
STRATEGIC AREA
Ps. 4
Ps. 5 ayat (1)
Ps. 5 ayat (2)
Ps. 5 ayat (3)
Ps. 5 ayat (4)
Ps. 5 ayat (5)
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Product of Spatial PlanningGENERAL SPATIAL PLAN
DETAIL SPATIAL PLAN
URBAN
RE
GION
NATIONAL SPATIAL PLAN
PROVINCE SPATIAL PLAN
DISTRICT
SPATIAL PLAN
ISLAND SPATIAL PLAN
NAT. STRATEGIC AREA SPAT.PL
PROV STRATEGIC AREA SP
DISTRICT STRATEGIC AREA SP
DISTRICT DETAIL SPAT. PLAN
METROPOLITAN SPAT. PLAN
CITY SPATIAL PLAN
URBAN AREA SPATIAL PLAN IN DISTRICT
CITY AREA SPATIAL PLAN
CITY STRATEGIC AREA SP
CITY AREA DETAIL SP
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Administration of Spatial Management
SUPERVISION OBSERVATION
Control over
Space
Utilization
Space
UtilizationArrangement of
Spatial Plan
Regulatory
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Mechanism to Legalize Regional Regulation onProvincial Spatial Plan Revision
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Mechanism to Legalize Regional Regulation on District/Municipality Spatial Plan Formulation Revision
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