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1
NATO
Science for Peace and Security (SPS) Programme
Workshop on CBRN Defence – 22-24 October 2013 – Brussels
Emerging Security Challenges Division
NATO
Brussels, Belgium, 22-24 October 2013
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MULTISENSING PLATFORM FOR WARFARE AGENT DETECTION (MPWAD)
Project Reference: SFP 984511
Kick-off meeting: 3-6 October 2013, Tarragona, Spain
Prof. Eduard Llobet, Tarragona, Spain. (NPD)
Prof. Adnane Abdelghani, Tunis, Tunisia. (PPD)
Dr. Alexander Mozalev, Czech Republic . (Co-Director)
Dr. Alexander Vergara, BCI-UCSD, United States of America. (Co-Director)
Mr. Marc Delgado, Sensotran, S. L., Spain. (End User)
Mr. Drew Barnett, Elintrix, USA, (End User)
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General Overview: Warfare Agent Detection
- Warfare Agent (WA) detection techniques are based on semi-
analytical methods (time consuming, expensive) such as :
-Flame photometry,
-Mass spectrometry
- Photo-acoustic infrared spectroscopy,
Gas/Vapour Microsensors are an emerging technology for
detecting WA
- Most popular transduction methods are electrical.
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Project Objectives
- Development of an innovative multi-modal sensing approach for
warfare agent detection.
What will be achieved :
-Development of new strategies for the functionalization of
nanomaterials
-The gas sensors integrating the array will be multi-parameter: D.C.
resistance, A.C. impedance, photoluminescence, and response to
temperature modulation
- Coupled to a Ion Mobility spectrometer
- A pre-concentrator unit will be also integrated to improve (i.e., lower)
the limit of detection of our proposed sensor system.
- Development of a pre-commercial prototype system and test it in a
controlled facility..
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Novelty in the project
- Development of multisensing platform based on Nanostructered
materials (MOX and CNTs) with pre-concentrator for rapid warfare
agent detection
Sample
conditioning
and delivery
Hybrid sensing module: MOX, nanotubes,
nanodots, nanoneedles, CNTs and IMS
Pump, micro
preconcentrator, mass
flow meter and split
valves
Sensor data
fusion and
pattern
recognition
DMMP
DMF
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SEM image of O xygen plasma treated MWCNTs
TEM image of O xygen plasma treated MWCNTs
00
HR-TEM image of a metal decorated MWCNT
dint ≈ 3.21 nm
dext ≈ 14,37 nm
I.Hafaid, H.Baccar, E.Llobet, A.Abdelghani, International Journal of Nanotechnology, 2013
Functionalized MWCNTs for vapor detection
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I. Hafaid, A. Abdelghani, E. Llobet,
Sensors and Actuators B 182 (2013) 344
Functionalized MWCNTs for vapor detection
Plasma treatment and
metal decoration
helps tuning the
response of MWCNT
sensors
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Nanostructured MOXs: Nanowires grown by AA-CVD
Intrinsic (a) and
functionalized
samples with gold (b),
platinum (c), and
gold/platinum (d)
W(OPh)6 (acetone);
HAuCl4·3H2O,
H2PtCl6·xH2O,
(methanol) At 350-
450ºC
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Nanostructured MOXs: Nanowires grown by AA-CVD
0 5000 100002,0x10
5
4,0x105
6,0x105
8,0x105
1,0x106
1,2x106
without RH
10 % RH
25 % RH
50 % RH
80 % RH
Re
sis
tan
ce
, O
hm
Time, s
Metal decoration of MOX nanowires leads to
tuning of sensitivity, lowering humidity cross-
sensitivity
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Nanostructured MOXs employing smart anodization
A. Mozalev, E. Llobet, et al. Int.
J. Hyd. En. 38 ( 2013 ) 8011
Nanotube and
nanocolumn sensors
employing PAA as
template
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Odour delivery system
Flow in
Sensors
chamberSensor
electronics
Computer-
microprocessor
Flow out
Analogue
signal
Digital
signal
Sample
visualization
Odour delivery system
Flow in
Sensors
chamberSensor
electronics
Computer-
microprocessor
Flow out
Analogue
signal
Digital
signal
Sample
visualization
Signal processing
Odour delivery system
Flow in
Sensors
chamberSensor
electronics
Computer-
microprocessor
Flow out
Analogue
signal
Digital
signal
Sample
visualization
Odour delivery system
Flow in
Sensors
chamberSensor
electronics
Computer-
microprocessor
Flow out
Analogue
signal
Digital
signal
Sample
visualization
Data-driven computational
formalisms
Algorithm development: Sensor array optimization and
pattern recognition
Pre-concentration for improved
LOD and ameliorated selectivity
Vergara, Mozalev,
Abdelghani, Llobet et al.
Anal. Chem., 84 (2012)
7502
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Criteria for Success
- Demonstrator prototype for detecting CWAS is available at the end of
the Project
- The detection limits attained by the project are below those offered by
conventional IMS Techniques
- At least two different warfare agents can be selectively detected by
the systems and methods developed in the project
Strengths:
- Complementarity between different partners.
- Use of MOX and CNTs as recognition element.
- Use of different transduction techniques
- Use of pre-concentrator to enhance sensitivity.
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Project outcome
-Technology transfer to Mediterranean countries
-Training of young scientist from Mediterranean countries
- Monitoring air pollution (interesting for ANPE in Tunisia)
- Detection of dangerous gases (e.g., neurotoxic, carcinogenic)
- Prevent public security from terrorist attacks.
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Way Forward – SPS CBRN
What research in CBRN Defense requires urgent and substantial
attention?
• Intelligent materials for the detection of CWAs and bio-hazards
What should be the focus of the SPS Programme in CBRN Defense?
• Supporting research on different technologies. Promoting the convergence
of technologies for developing rugged systems than could be operated in-
field. Benchmarking activities.
Ideas for potential SPS activities in the CBRN field
• NATO could support international conferences to raise awareness among
the scientific community and the general public about the importance of
CBRN defense.
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