neolithic plastered skull, from - joslyn art museum ancient near eas… · the ancient near east...
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Chapter 2 THE ANCIENT NEAR EAST
theocraticpolytheisticpropitiateshrinecuneiformiconographycone mosaicssteleregistersreliefconventionstylizationinlaidcompositeprofilefrontalisometricinlaid
Architecture fortifiedmud brickfacingzigguratload-bearing citadel fortificationcellaaltar
Chronology of Ancient Near East and Principal SitesNeolithic Era (c. 9000-4500/4000 BCE) ..............…. Jericho; Çatal HüyükMesopotamia…………………………………………. modern Iraq
Uruk (c. 3500-3100BCE)………………. UrukSumer…………………………………… SumerEarly Dynastic (c.2800-2300 BCE)….. Tell Asmar; UrAkkad (c.2300-2100 BCE)……………. AkkadNeo-Sumerian (c.2150-1800 BCE)… LagashBabylon………………………………… Babylon
Old Babylonian (c.1830-1550 BCE)Neo Babylonian (c. 612-539 BCE)
Assyrian Empire (c.1100-612 BCE)… AssurAnatolia…………………………………………………. modern Turkey
Hittite Empire (c.1450-1200 BCE)… Hattusas (modern Boghazköy)Ancient Iran……………………………………………. modern Iran
Achaemenid Persia (539-331 BCE)… Persepolis (near modern Shiraz)Scythian (c.800-550 BCE)…………………………… modern Russia and Ukraine
cylinder sealincisedglyptic artvotive figurehierarchical proportionsdynastyattributeanthropomorphiccult
columncapitalbaseshaftimpost blockCyclopaeanmasonryelevationplinthApadana
Neolithic plastered skull, from Jericho, c. 7000 BCE
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Çatal Hüyük, Turkey
Anatolian goddess giving birth from Çatal Hüyük, Turkey
c. 6500-5700 BCE
baked clay
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Cone mosaics, from Uruk,
Uruk period, c. 3500 BCE
Carved cult vase (Warka Vase), from Uruk
Uruk period, c. 3500-3000 BCE
Alabaster; 36 inches
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Carved cult vase (Warka Vase), from Uruk, details
Uruk period, c. 3500-3000 BCE
Alabaster; 36 inches
Female head, from Uruk
Uruk period, c. 3500-3000 BCE
white marble; 8 inches
The White Temple on its ziggurat, Uruk
Uruk period, c. 3500-3000 BCE
Stone and polished brick
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The White Temple on its ziggurat, Uruk, diagram
Uruk period, c. 3500-3000 BCE
Stone and polished brick
Cylinder seals and impressions
Uruk
c. 3500-3000 BCE
Greenish black serpentine
Mesopotamia
8th-7th century BCE
Chalcedony
Clay tablet with pictograph text that preceded cuneiform, likely from Iraq
Mesopotamian, c. 3000 BCE
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Cuneiform tablet with cylinder seal
Mesopotamian, c. 3100-2900 BCE
clay
Votive figures from the Abu Temple at Tell Asmar
Sumerian, c. 2700-2500 BCE
Limestone, alabaster and gypsum
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Lyre sound box, from the tomb of Queen Puabi, Ur
Sumerian, c. 2685 BCE
Wood with inlaid gold, lapis lazuli, and shell
Head of an Akkadianruler (Sargon I?),
from Nineveh, Iraq
Akkadian, c. 2300 BCE
Bronze
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Victory stele of Naram-Sin, from Susa
c. 2254-2218 BCE
Pink sandstone
Head of Gudea, from Lagash, Iraq
Neo-Sumerian, c. 2100 BCE
Diorite
Gudea with a temple plan, from Lagash, Iraq
Neo-Sumerian, c. 2100 BCE
Diorite
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Nanna ziggurat, Ur
Neo-Sumerian, c. 2100-2050 BCE
Mud brick faced with baked brick embedded in mortar made of bitumen
Nanna ziggurat, Ur
Neo-Sumerian, c. 2100-2050 BCE
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Stele inscribed with the law code of Hammurabi, Susa
Babylonian, c. 1792-1750
Basalt, approx. 7 ft
Lion Gate (Royal Gate), Hattusus, Boghazkoy, Turkey
Hittite Empire, c. 1400 BCE
Stone
King Assurnasirpal II hunting lions, from Nimrud, Iraq
Assyrian, c. 883-859 BCE
Alabaster relief
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City attacked with a battering ram, palace of King Assurnasirpal II, Nimrud, Iraq
Assyrian, c. 883-859 BCE
Alabaster relief
Dying Lioness (detail from the Great Lion Hunt), from the palace of King Assurbanipal II, Nineveh,
Assyrian, c. 668-627 BCE
Alabaster relief
Plan of Sargon II’s palace
Assyrian, c. 720 BCE
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Lamassu, from the gateway, Sargon II’s palace at DurSharrukin, (now Khorsabad, Iraq)
Assyrian, c. 720 BCE
Limestone
Ishtar Gate (reconstructed), from Babylon
Neo-Babylonian, c. 575 BCE
Glazed brick
Beaker, from Susa
Ancient Iran, c. 5000 – 4000 BCE
Painted pottery
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Kneeling bull holding a spouted vessell
Ancient Iran, c. 3100 – 2999 BCE
Silver
Stag, from Kostromskaya, Russia,
Scythian, 7th century BCE
Chased gold
Apadana (Audience Hall) of Darius, Persepolis (in modern Iraq)
Achaemenid Persia, c. 500 BCE
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