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Network Access Architecture Providing High
Quality Business Education
Sok Hwan Cho (KAIM)
Sok Pal Cho (Sungkyul University)
84th International Conference 2012,Denver, Colorado, USA-29th
July to 3rd August 2012
Network Access Architecture I
Student
Learning Contents
Server
Teacher
Interface Circuit Switching
Packet Switching
Virtual Circuit
Virtual Circuit
Network
Provider
Terminal Service
Provider
The component of education on the cyberspace classifies greatly three parts those are
network provider, service provider, and terminal.
Network Provider
Network Provider (Circuit Switching Network, Packet Switching Network, etc.)
: Circuit switching network is for traditional telephone network, packet switching is
for internet network based on TCP/IP)
Network Access Architecture I
Application
in Internet
TCP
IP
• Quality issues of network architecture.
– Network performance
• Refer to the service quality of a computer communications
products- how well the network is performing under heavy
traffic loads.
• Fast deliver the contents to the user
• Broadband available, making every website load up much faster
• Greater throughput for fast connection
Throughput is the number of messages successfully delivered per unit time
Circuit Switching Network Node
Quality factors of circuit switching
are evaluated by a measure of the reject calls
- S/N ratio (Signal to Noise ratio)
- Echo by impedance mismatching
-H/W limitation
-etc.
Circuit
switching
network
Packet Switching(datagram) of Network Node
Switching at the network layer in the Internet is done using
the datagram approach to packet switching
Quality factors of packet switching network node Bit rate
QoS, Data throughput, Stability, Connection time, etc.
Content server to user(student/teacher)
Application Layer
MSS: Multiservice Switching System
MGC:Media Gateway Controller
Service Controller
MSS
Service Controller
MSS
Enterprise Service Network
SS7 based IN
STP
PSTN Local Exchange
Softswitch (MGC)
Trunk Gateway
Signaling Gateway
Trunk Gateway
Softswitch Internet
PBX
Wireless Network
Softswitch
Access Gateway
Packet Network ( IP based network)
ATM switch or IP/MPLS Router
Policy Management Servers
Service Gateway
Home Service
Car Service
Office Service
Education Service Provider
Broadcast Provider
ISP
Personal based Services
Video Location
Service Contents
Web IPTV
Integrated Service Framework
Office
Person(students/teacher
Mobile
Home Service
Home Service
Home Service
Education Contents Provider
Network service quality on network access architecture
Problem Reason
Availability Network availability
Slow start, channel change time Network performance
Picture freeze Network performance
Video/audio availability & quality Packet loss & jitter
Unobserved bandwidth Fast channel change
Video/audio synch. System configuration
• Throughput – The effective number of data flow transported within a
certain period of time.
– Specified as bandwidth in some situations.
– The bigger the throughput of the network, the better the
performance of the system is.
– In order to improve the resource efficiency, the throughput
of network should often be maximized.
• Dependant factors on network quality
– Speed (Throughput, Download, Data Quantity = Volume)
▪ Increase through put
▪ Reducing download time
▪ Real time process
MPEG-1: 1.544Mbps
MPEG-2 : 2.048Mbps Moving Image Real time.
High definition , High resolution Real time
Bit rates
Decimal prefixes (SI)
Name Symbol Multiple
kilobit per second kbit/s 103 10 to third power
megabit per second Mbit/s 106
gigabit per second Gbit/s 109
terabit per second Tbit/s 1012
.
16
“Jitter” between regions
75ms=Good 125ms=Med 225ms=Poor
Jitter varies with loading
RTT: Return To Time, Uses “ping” facility of TCP/IP
If Africa is connected with East Europe including Jitter, it delays 265ms.
• Phase 3
Contents Provider
Learning Objects
(Contents)
*1.Contents quality
Learning goal alignment
Feedback and adaptation
Motivation
Presentation design
*2.Interaction usability
Accessibility
Standards compliance
Lea
rnin
g O
bject E
valu
atio
n
*1. Contents quality I in Learning Object Evaluation
■ General evaluation standards of content quality
– Validity: clear , accurate contents, unbiased
– Potential effectiveness as a teaching-learning tool
– Ease of use
– Contents takes places always and everywhere and different context, not
only in classroom
– Contents is informal and non-formal, it could be taken place at home, at
workplace.
Physical factors of contents quality
Quality factors Contents
Content availability Availability of channel Related factors: content provider, multicast core, video source, access network, campus & home network
Content quality Quality of audio & video Related factors: multicast core, video source, access network, campus & home network
Channel change time Student and teacher wait time while changing channels Related factors: middleware, multicast core, UDP performance
Contents quality II
Ratings of contents quality evaluation[by LORI]
• Rating 1; serious inaccuracies, biases, omissions
• Rating 3: deemphasizing some key points in a way that could
mislead learners.
• Rating 5: emphasizing key points with sensitivity using an
appropriate level of detail.
*2. Interaction usability in Learning Object Evaluation
• Interaction usability
– Describes how easy or difficult it is for learners to move
around in a learning.
– Describes the ease of navigation, predictability of the user
interface, and the quality of the interface help features.
• Interaction on the network
– Student to student
– Student to content
– Faculty to student
– Faculty to content
• Interaction tools
– Discussion boards, Chat rooms, Mass emails to class members
– Streaming audio and/or video
– Instant messaging, Blogs , Wikis
Categories of Web documents
Static document
Delivered document to document, it caused data traffic heavy load on the network
channel. If you use markup language such as static document like
‘html’ for education web contents, it cause heavy load traffic.
Active document
If education web contents use active language like Java, delivering time is
fast and network channel traffic is too low. This is very fast speed.
Education Service Architecture
Learners
Satellite
Channel
Learner Channel
monitoring
Major issues to meet end-to-end QoS
Service Oriented Architecture
QoS Aware Communication Protocols
Resource Self-management
Supporting Tools
Email delivery
Browser architecture
• Classification of media use in multimedia systems
Integrated,
Digital System
Audio/Video
Applications
Desktop
Publishing
Hybrid
System
Video
server
Text
Editors
Type of
media
Number of media Integration of media
No Media
Integration
Full Media
Integration
n Media 1 Media
Time-independent
Time- dependent
Time-dependent
and time- independent
• Security Quality
– Security quality should meet fully data
protection compliant
– I&A procedure should meet the below security
quality
• Authentication quality
• Authorization quality
• Accounting quality
Key theme of NSP Control Plane: Identity Processing
Structural Frameworks
User Id: Earth-Korea- Man:LeeChaesub -19yy-mm-dd
- Certified by UN -
User ID Customer ID
student 1
student 2
student 3
student 4
Mobile Phone Nr
Fixed Phone Nr
WiFi WiBro Id
Cable/ IPTV Id
Internet Id
Service ID
Line ID
E.164 ID
MAC ID
ATM/Ethernet ID
IP Address
TCP/UDP Port ID
Session ID
Media ID
Provider ID
Content Owner ID
Comm. ID
Require AAA
I & A Procedure I&A Physical I&A
Password Biometrics H/W token
Face
recognition
I&A
Finger
Image
I&A
iras
Scan I&A
Magnetic
card
I&A
PKI
Smart
card
I&A
Keying
token
I&A
I&A must satisfy the quality of service. I&A is to recognize an individual and validate the
individual’s identity.
Symmetric-key cryptography
Create Error message
User (Learner/ Teacher) Interface Learning System
Check AAA
Check AAA
OK
Error
Error message Error message
Call Operation 1 Operation 1
Call Operation 2 Operation 2
Conclusion
Network Architecture providing total quality
Cro
ss-Dom
ain N
etwork
ing
Network
Application Service Servers
Service Control Server
Semantic
Transform
Contents
Transform Syndicator
Service Manager
Learner
Profile
Server
Execution
Engine
Loader
Service
Ensembler
Device
DB
Service
DBUser
DB
Session
DB
Windows/Linux
Web Browser
Learner
Profile
Client
Execution
Engine
Execution
Engine
Loader
PMP/PDA/Android/2G /3G/4G
Hand Set
GUI Client
Learner
Profile
Client
Execution
Engine
Execution
Engine
Loader
Platfo
rm
glu
e
Terminal Device Camera
Service VoD
Service Video
Phone
Service
…
AAA
Good contents Intelligent converged
MM terminal High speed &
Broadband network
Enhanced network architecture
• Competitive network: High speed/broadband network
improved efficiency and cost effectiveness) for business
learning practices.
Learner oriented contents (to establish between
teaching staff and students, better understanding and
greater learner satisfaction)
High quality web-based learning for students to
create screencasts directly from their browser and make the
video available online so that the viewers can stream video
directly.
Integrated business education service/providing
motivation to learner
Converged intelligent MM terminal
Cost-effectiveness (in realization, process and quality, etc.)
Continuous improvement
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