networking basics and cisco

Networking Basics &

Cisco

Shoaib Iqbal

IT Engineer

Date: 10-02-2014

Networking Basics

Network

Connectivity of two or more than two devices so that they can communicate with each other.

Network = Connectivity + Communication

Network = Hardware + Software

Local Area Network (LAN) A high speed network that covers a relatively small geographic

area, contained within a single building or campus.

Wide Area Network (WAN) A network that spans large geographical locations, usually to

interconnect multiple LANs.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) A network that spans several LANs across a city-wide

geographic area.

Network Types

Five Components of Communication

• Sender• Receiver• Medium• Protocol• Message

Rules that govern the method by which devices share data and services.

Protocol

Types of Communication

Topology

Mesh Topology

Star Topology

Bus Topology

Ring Topology

Hybrid Topology

internet is two or more networks that can communicate

with each other.

Internet is collaboration of more than hundreds of

thousands of interconnected networks.

Internet

Established in 1947, the International Standards Organization (ISO) is a multinational body dedicated to worldwide agreement on international standards.

In 1978, Open System Interconnection (OSI) model was introduced.

OSI Model

ISO is the organisation. OSI is the model.

OSI Model

7. Application

6. Presentation

5. Session

4. Transport

3. Network

2. Data Link

1. Physical

OSI Model-Division of Layers

7. Application

6. Presentation

5. Session

4. Transport

3. Network

2. Data Link

1. Physical

Lower Layers

Middle Layers

Upper Layers

Each layer deals with one aspect of networkingLayer 1 deals with the communication media

Each layer communicates with the adjacent layersIn both directionsEx: Network layer communicates with:

Transport layerData Link layer

Each layer formats the data packetEx: Adds or deletes addresses

The Function of a Layer

OSI Model

A message begins at the top application layer and moves down the OSI layers to the bottom physical layer.

As the message descends, each successive OSI model layer adds a header to it.

A header is layer-specific information that basically explains what functions the layer carried out.

Conversely, at the receiving end, headers are striped from the message as it travels up the corresponding layers.

OSI in Action

OSI Layers Description

Hubs

Switches

Routers

IP Phones

Network Security Products

Commonly Used Network Devices

Cisco SystemsHPHuaweiZTEJuniper NetworksD-LinkTelco SystemsAlcatel-LucentArista NetworksMellanox

Network Devices Manufacturers

Cisco Systems

Cisco is an American multinational corporation headquartered in San Jose, California, that designs, manufactures, and sells networking equipment.

Cisco Systems was founded in December 1984 by two members of Stanford University computer support staff: Leonard Bosack who was in charge of the computer science department's computers, and Sandy Lerner, who managed the Graduate School of Business' computers.

The name "Cisco" was derived from the city name, San Francisco

The logo is intended to depict the two towers of the Golden Gate Bridge.

Company Overview

Cisco Systems Logo Concept

Cisco’s logo is depicting two towers of Golden Gate Bridge

Golden Gate Bridge

Cisco Systems, Inc. is the worldwide leader in networking for the Internet.

Today, networks are an essential part of business, education, government and home communications.

Cisco Internet Protocol-based (IP) networking solutions are the foundation of these networks.

Company Overview

In 1984, Cisco’s first product which consisted of exact replicas of Stanford's "Blue Box" router and a stolen copy of the University's multiple potocol router software.

Between 1992 and 1994, Cisco acquired several companies in Ethernet switching, such as Kalpana, Grand Junction, and most notably, Mario Mazzola's Crescendo Communications which together formed the Catalyst business unit.

Company Overview cont’d

Routers and switches

Security and surveillance

Voice and conferencing

Wireless

Network storage systems

Cisco’s Products List

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciscohttp://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/solutions/sma

ll_business/resource_center/articles/connect_employees_and_offices/networking_basics/

References

ODSI11 St John's Road Stourbridge West Midlands DY8 1EJ

Phone: 0203 005 9500

Email: sales@odsi.co.uk

About ODSI

UK Office

Web: www.odsi.co.uk

Cisco Products Dealer

Thank You