networks

NetworksPrepared by: Honey Mae Llanto

Communication Over The Telephone Network

Public Switched Telephone Network

This is the worldwide telephone system that handles voice-oriented telephone calls.

A sample telephone network configuration

Dial-up lines

is a temporary connection that uses one or more analog telephone lines for communications.

Dedicated Lines is a type of always -on connection that is established between two communications devices.

can provide constant connection.

can either be analog or digital.

Five Types of Digital Dedicated

Lines

ISDN Lines (Integrated Services Digital Network)

is a set of standards for digital transmission of data over standard copper telephone lines.provides faster transfer rates than dial-up telephone lines.

can carry three or more signals at once through the same line , using the technique called multiplexing.

ISDN lines configuration

DSL lines (Digital Subscriber Line)

transmits at fast speeds on existing standard copper telephone wiring.

may not be an option for rural residents because the user's location and the telephone company’s DSL modem must be located within 3.5 miles of each other . popular types of DSL is the ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line).

ADSL(Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line)

is a type of DSL that supports faster transfer rates when receiving data than when sending data.

DSL Lines Configuration

FTTH and FTTB Lines

FTTH(Fiber to the Home) uses fiber-optic cable to provide extremely high –speed Internet access to home users.

FTTB(Fiber to the Building ) refers to small businesses that use fiber-optic cables to access the internet.

T-Carrier Lines

is any of several types of long-distance digital telephone lines that carry multiple signals over a single communications line.

Types of T-carrier Lines

1. T1 line- refers to a specific type of copper or fiber optic telephone line that can carry more data than the traditional telephone lines .

2. Fractional T1 line- allows a customer to use only a certain number of the 24 channels on a T1 line.

3. T3 line- is equal in speed to 28 T1 lines, and is used by larger businesses with higher data and voice demands.

ATM(Asynchronous Transfer Mode)

is a service that carries voice, data, video, and multimedia at very high speeds.

Communication Devices

Communication Devices

is any type of hardware capable of transmitting data, instructions, and information between a sending device and a receiving device.

Types of Communication

Devices

Dial-Up Modems

is a type of modem used to connect a personal computer to the internet.usually it is in the form of an adapter card that you insert in an expansion slot on a computer’s motherboard. it is sometimes called modem.

ISDN Modems

IDSN modems- sends digital data and information from a computer to an ISDN line and receives data and information from an IDSN line.

Digital modem- is a modem that sends and receives data and information to and from a digital telephone line such as IDSN and DSL.

DSL Modem

DSL modems- sends digital data and information from a computer to a DSL line and receives digital data and information from a DSL line.

Cable Modems

sometimes called broadband modem.Is a digital modem that sends and receives digital data over the cable television(CATV) network.

A typical cable modem installation

Wireless Modems

allows access to the web wirelessly from a notebook computer, a PDA, a smart phone, or any mobile devices.

Network Cards

enables the computer or device that does not have built-in networking capability to access a network.

coordinates transmission and receipt of data, instructions, and information to and from computer or device.

Variety of Network Cards

PC card

is the form of peripheral interface designed for laptop computers.

Express Card Module

slots into a computer system to allow the addition of hardware capabilities.

USB Network Adapter

these adapters connect to a standard USB port available on the back of most newer computers.

not much larger in size than PC adapters.

Flash card

is a set of cards bearing information, as words or numbers, on either or both sides, used in classrooms drills or in private study.

Wireless Network Card

is a new technology that slots into a computer system to allow the addition of hardware capabilities.

Wireless Access Point

is a central communication device that allows computers and devices to transfer data wirelessly among themselves or to transfer data wirelessly to a wired network.

Wireless access point configuration

Router connections

Connecting Networks

Hub or Switch

is a central point that connects several devices in a network together.

Hub or Switch connections

Home Networks

saves the home user money and provides many conveniences.

Wired Home Networks

Types of Wired Home Networks

EthernetPowerline Cable Networks

Phoneline Networks

Ethernet

is a standard communication protocol embedded in software and hardware devices, intended for building a local area network(LAN).

Powerline Cable Network

is a network that uses the same lines that bring electricity into the house.

Powerline Cable Network configuration

Phoneline Network

is an easy-to-stall and inexpensive network that uses existing telephone lines in the home.

Phoneline Network configuration

Wireless Home Networks

is typically a system that allows personal computers to communicate with one another and often, with the internet.

Wireless home network configuration

TYPES

HomeRF(radio frequency)

Uses radio waves, instead of cables to transmits data.

HomeRF configuration

Wi-Fi network

enables devices such as personal computer ,mobile phones etc. to connect to the internet when range of wireless network connected to the internet.

How to set up hardware for a Wi-Fi Home Network

Steps•Sign up for high-speed internet service, such as through a cable or DSL modem.Step 1

•Using a cable, connect the network card in a desktop computer to the combination router/wireless access point.Step 2•Using a cable, connect the combination router/wireless access point to the cable modem.Step 3

• Install a wireless network card or network adapter in other desktop computers in the home network. Step 4

• Insert a wireless PC card,ExpressCard Module, or USB Network Adapter in each notebook computer that will access the home network or purchase a notebook computer with built-in wireless networking capabilities.

Step 5

• Purchase a Smartphone built-in wireless capabilities. Step 6

Communication Channels

Bandwidth

Is the amount of data , instructions, or information that can travel over a communication channel.

Latency

Is the time it takes a signal to travel from one location to another on a network.

Transmission Media

Consist of materials or substances capable of carrying one or more signal.

Baseband Media

Transmits only one signal.

Broadband Media

Transmit multiple signals simultaneously.

Types of Transmission Media

Physical Transmission Media

Wireless Transmission Media

Physical Transmission Media

used in communications include twisted- pair cable, coaxial cable, and fiber- optic cable.

Transmission Media used in communication

Twisted-Pair Cable

Coaxial Cable

Fiber-Optic cable

Twisted-pair cable

Consist of one or more twisted-pair wires bundled together .

Coaxial cable

Consist of a single copper wire sorround3d by at least three layers: (1.) an insulating material,(2.) a woven or braided metal, and (3.) a plastic outer coating.

Fiber- optic cable

Consist of dozens or hundreds of thin strands of glass or plastic that use light to transmit signals.

This is Honey Mae Llanto saying……………

“Do not follow where the path may lead. Go instead where there is no path and leave a trail.”

Gracias