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8/15/2016
1
Ivan Tchakarov
Director of Growing
Tue. September 20| 1:30 PM ‐ 2:45 PM |
Agenda Discuss lighting used at Metrolina Greenhouses.
Photoperiod lighting.
Not all new lighting.
Review some of the work we are doing on LED.
Photoperiod Lighting Lighting to turn short days into long days
Typically 4 hour night break (10 pm to 2 am)
Why is this important?
8/15/2016
2
The rise of the calibrachoa! Calibrachoa in the past several years has become one of the most important hanging baskets we do.
8 year ago we grew very few. Now we are up to over 1 million plugs per year
We grow them in Baskets
We grow them in Pots
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We grow them in other Pots
We grow them in other Pots
We grow a lot of calibrachoa
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Calibrachoa Calibrachoa varieties are facultative long day plants
Varieties are getting better and better and more “day neutral”
However our first shipments are in Mid to Late February.
Metrolina: Huntersville, NC
Calibrachoa
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Calibrachoa
Calibrachoa
Lighting History At Metrolina
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Lighting History At Metrolina
Incadescent‐ 10 FC HPS‐40 umol
Lighting History At Metrolina
Incadescent‐ 10 FC HPS‐40 umol
Low light quantity
Lighting History At Metrolina
Incadescent‐ 10 FC HPS‐40 umol
Low light quantity
Cravo/Cold area
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Lighting History At Metrolina
Incadescent‐ 10 FC HPS‐40 umol
Low light quantity
Cravo/Cold area
Great area but filled with other spring crops
Lighting History At Metrolina
Incadescent‐ 10 FC HPS‐40 umol
‐This area originally designed for growing plug (reason for 40 umol light)
‐This is now a finish production area. ‐Do not need that much lighting now!
Lighting History At Metrolina
Incadescent‐ 10 FC HPS‐40 umolHPS‐20 umol
‐Took half the lights down and moved to rest of the range to increase LD area
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What about plugs?
Incadescent‐ 10 FC HPS‐40 umolHPS‐20 umol
‐3 acres with 40 umol lighting for long day lighting Calibrachoa plugs
What About New Lighting?
LED Like most of you like us have been bombarded with LED sales people
8/15/2016
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LED Like most of you I am sure you have been bombarded with LED people
General “LED” Sales Pitch The general LED sales pitch is that since you can control the spectrum of light with an LED you can better control plant growth.
Dr. Eric Runkle‐The Expert! http://leds.hrt.msu.edu/
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Dr. Eric Runkle Using HPS, PL, or LED as a sole source of lighting to growth the plugs.
GPN Sept 2014
Dr. Eric Runkle Using HPS, PL, or LED as a sole source of lighting to growth the plugs.Ambient
Dr. Eric Runkle Using HPS, PL, or LED as a sole source of lighting to growth the plugs.
Ambient Supplemented70 umol/m2/s
Plasma HPS LED
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Dr. Eric Runkle Using HPS, PL, or LED as a sole source of lighting to growth the plugs.
1. Supplemental lighting flowered faster than ambient.
2. Light sources worked similar
Plasma HPS LED
LED‐What we understand today LED work as well as HPS (supplemental lighting).
LED are more energy efficient than HPS on a bulb basis.
LED are much more costly
LED Trial We wanted to learn more for the future expansion and for improvements to the plug range.
Most supplemental lighting benefits have been found in more northern area/Holland.
Would we get a benefit in NC
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Dr. Jim Faust
Faust‐ Data NC
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1/1 1/29 2/26 3/25 4/22 5/20 6/17
Mol/Day/m
2
Typical Min
Typical Max
Faust‐ Data+2016 NC
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1/1 1/29 2/26 3/25 4/22 5/20 6/17
Mol/Day/m
2
Ambient
Typical Min
Typical Max
8/15/2016
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Set up 3 light zones in our propagation area
Control‐ Ambient lighting glass greenhouse.
HPS‐ 80 mol/m2/sec from High Pressure Sodium fixture (18 hrs per day)
LED‐ 80 mol/m2/sec from Philips LED (18 hours/day)
ie added over 5 mol/day extra to ambient light.
Stuck cuttings, 1 week later placed plug under the various light treatments.
Material and Methods
• Bacopa Bahia Lavender Blue 3• Bacopa Bahia Pink Halo 3• Begonia Evi Bright Pink• Calibrachoa AlohaHula Hot Pink• Calibrachoa AlohaKona Hot Orange• Calibrachoa AlohaKona Tiki SftPk• Calibrachoa MiniFams Com Dk Red• Calibrachoa Calipetite Pink• Calibrachoa Calipetite White• Calibrachoa Calipetite Yellow• Calibrachoa Calipetite Red• Calibrachoa Calipetite Blue• Calibrachoa Lindura Purple• Calibrachoa Lindura Yellow• Calibrachoa MiniFams Dbl Blue• Calibrachoa MiniFams Dbl Comp Lemon• Calibrachoa MiniFamsMiniDblMgnt• Coleus Kingswood Torch• Coleus Mainstreet Wall Street• Coleus Vino• Coleus Mainstreet River Walk• Coleus Mainstreet Fifth Avenue
• Coleus Inferno• Dahlia Dahlinova Carolina• Dahlia Dahlinova Alabama• Dahlia Dahlinova Carolina Orange• Lobelia Hot Water Blue• Lobelia Hot Snow White• Lobularia Stream White• Lysimachia Goldi 2• Osteo Margarita Purple• Osteo Margarita White• Osteo Ostica Pineapple• Petchoa SuperCal Violet• Petchoa SuperCal Cherry• Petchoa SuperCal Blue• Petchoa SuperCal Artist Rose• Petchoa SuperCal Light Yellow• Petunia Ctg Good n Plenty Orange• Petunia Ctg Good n Plenty Yellow• Petunia Ctg Pinkadilly Circus• Verbena Wicked Cool Blue 2• Verbena Wicked Great Grape 2
PLANTS EVALUATED
• Plants were transplanted into a 1 quart round pot and place under ambient light conditions.
• Plants were evaluated weekly for first flower, full flower and ship stage.
• At the ship stage height, width, and Quality (1>5) were measured.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
8/15/2016
14
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1/1 1/29 2/26 3/25 4/22 5/20 6/17
Mol/Day/m
2
Ambient
Typical Min
Typical Max
LIGHT MEASUREMENTS
Light measured at outdoor weather station.
Period of Trial
• Mixed range of results.• Similar to Runkles results supplemental lighting of the plug decreased time to ship.
• Similar results between LED and HPS
RESULTS
DAHLIA WO72548 DAHLIA DAHLINOVA
CAROLINA Q1.0MON ANN
10.5 10.5
11.5
7.0
8.5 8.5
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Control HPS LED
Height or Width (Inchs)
Height Width
13
11 11
16
14 14
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Control HPS LED
Week Number
First Flower Ship Week
3.0
4.0 4.0
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control HPS LED
Rating (5>1)
Over All
Over All
Control HPS LED
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DAHLIA WO72548 DAHLIA DAHLINOVA
CAROLINA Q1.0MON ANN
10.5 10.5
11.5
7.0
8.5 8.5
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Control HPS LED
Height or Width (Inchs)
Height Width
13
11 11
16
14 14
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Control HPS LED
Week Number
First Flower Ship Week
3.0
4.0 4.0
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control HPS LED
Rating (5>1)
Over All
Over All
Control HPS LED
2 weeks faster ship time with supplemental lighting
CALIBRACHOA WO72289 CALIBRACHOA
ALOHAKONA HOT ORANGE Q1.0MON ANN
9.59.0
8.5
10.0
9.0
6.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Control HPS LED
Height or Width (Inchs)
Height Width
14 14
12
1716
15
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Control HPS LED
Week Number
First Flower Ship Week
3.5
3.0 3.0
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control HPS LED
Rating (5>1)
Over All
Over All
Control HPS LED
CALIBRACHOA WO72289 CALIBRACHOA
ALOHAKONA HOT ORANGE Q1.0MON ANN
9.59.0
8.5
10.0
9.0
6.0
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Control HPS LED
Height or Width (Inchs)
Height Width
14 14
12
1716
15
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Control HPS LED
Week Number
First Flower Ship Week
3.5
3.0 3.0
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control HPS LED
Rating (5>1)
Over All
Over All
Control HPS LED
2 weeks faster ship time with supplemental lighting. Some Additional benefit from LED
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16
CALIBRACHOA WO72631 CALIBRACHOA
LINDURA PURPLE G1.5HBP LO ANN
8.08.5
8.08.0
7.07.5
0
2
4
6
8
10
Control HPS LED
Height or Width (Inchs)
Height Width
14 14 14
1716
17
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Control HPS LED
Week Number
First Flower Ship Week
3.0
3.5
3.0
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control HPS LED
Rating (5>1)
Over All
Over All
Control HPS LED
CALIBRACHOA WO72631 CALIBRACHOA
LINDURA PURPLE G1.5HBP LO ANN
8.08.5
8.08.0
7.07.5
0
2
4
6
8
10
Control HPS LED
Height or Width (Inchs)
Height Width
14 14 14
1716
17
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Control HPS LED
Week Number
First Flower Ship Week
3.0
3.5
3.0
0
1
2
3
4
5
Control HPS LED
Rating (5>1)
Over All
Over All
Control HPS LED
1 weeks faster ship time with HPS lighting. No benefit LED
CONCLUSIONS
Time To Ship
Should We Supplmental
Light In Plug
Bacopa No benefit No
Begonia 1 week earlier with LED Yes
Calibrachoa Variable response Maybe
Coleus No benefit No
Dahlia 1 to 2 earlier with ligting Absolutely
Lobelia Variable response Maybe
Lobularia No benefit No
Lysimachia No benefit No
Osteospermum 1 to 3 earlier with lighting. Yes
Petchoa No benefit No
Petunia One series 2 week faster. Maybe
Verbena No benefit No
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• Initial cost calculations demonstrated that a one week faster finish time would offset the added cost for LED lighting.
• However there is a faster pay back for HPS.
DISCUSSION
$0.00
$0.01
$0.02
$0.03
$0.04
$0.05
$0.06
$0.07
$0.08
0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00
$/1.5 Gallon Basket
Finish Time Savings
Cost Savings
Added Cost LED
Added Cost HPS
R:\MG0029 Light On Growth\LED VS HPS Cost Calculation.xlsx. Based on Calibrachoa basket 4 ppp/2 SF spacing.
• LED fixtures worked as well as HPS sodium for crops that were responsive.
• There will be energy saving from using LED versus HPS• However there is a substantial increase in costs to LED installations.• The payback period from using the LED over HPS is 7 to 11 years.
DISCUSSION-WHAT WE FOUND
Cost/
Fixture Fixtures WATT
Install
Cost
Equipment
Cost
Energy
$/season/bay
Cost equip DIF
LED
Energy/Year DIF
Than LED
Years Pay
Back
Philips LED 1250MM Type 1 450$ 88 215 3,500$ 43,100$ 4,533$
Philips HPS Philips Compare 280$ 72 1,100 1,500$ 21,660$ 18,975$ 21,440$ (14,442)$ 1.5
Kavita HPS GAN 1000 EL 280$ 30 1,045 1,500$ 9,900$ 7,511$ 33,200$ (2,978)$ 11.1
PL Lighting HPS 260571 Mod plus Alpha 300$ 34 1,100 1,500$ 11,700$ 8,960$ 31,400$ (4,427)$ 7.1
“Year Pay Back”= Energy saving costs from using LED versus HPS. Therefore how many years to pay back the added equipment cost
• At the moment nothing.
WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO?
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• At the moment nothing.• Supplemental lightings is not on the 2016‐2017 Capital Budget.
• Right now LED is a substantial investment but does have a pay back.
WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO?
• At the moment nothing.• Supplemental lightings is not on the 2016‐2017 Capital Budget.
• Right now LED is a substantial investment but does have a pay back.
• We will repeat the trial earlier in the season and look at more seed and vegetative crops.
• Expect even more benefits under early season low light level conditions.
WHAT ARE WE GOING TO DO?
THANK YOU!
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