next-generation engineering: design of a new major

Next-Generation Engineering: Design of a New Major

Sustainability Engineering

Economic, environmental, and legal trends all point to Sustainability Engineering becoming an unavoidable part of our future. It will become necessary for the world and has the qualities a major needs to thrive in industry, and within UCB.

Project Definition: Wide ViewDiscipline

Major

Department

To identify and design a new engineering discipline that encompasses a key, yet underutilized, spectrum of knowledge.

Stage 1 Research: Project Parameters

Interview: Robert Giomi, Assistant Dean College of Engineering

Internet Personal Experiences

Key Stakeholders

• Students• Faculty• University• Industry• End-Users

Key Stakeholders: Faculty

Support Example: Computer Engineering – Created Due to 2

or 3 faculty interest

Teach Example: Bio-Engineering – Took 2 years to recruit

faculty

Research

Key Stakeholders: University

2 Stages for Approval University Internal

Engineering Science Study Committee College of Engineering Vote COCI – Committee on Courses of Instruction

ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology)

Logistics Housing Organization of Faculty Organization of Financing

Key Stakeholders: Industry

FundingExample: Bio-Engineering – Grown because

of need from: Region, State & Federal Government.

Employment

Constraints

Major Constraints• Current Course Catalog• Faculty to Teach• Funding of the Major• Housing of the Major

Project Constraints• Surveying Issues (time, sample size, contacts)• Timeframe• Team Resources

Competition & Status Quo

Competition Internal

21 Engineering Programs (including double major programs)

78 other possible overlapping degrees

External Similar Programs Nationwide

Definition of a Desirable Major

Satisfies Key Stakeholders

Obeys Given Constraints

Differentiated from Competition

Narrowing Process

Brainstorming – 100 Ideas

Top 10 Ideas

Top 3: Conservative: Nano-Engineering Intermediate: Sustainability Engineering Radical: Recreation Engineering

Stage 2 Research – In-depth Analysis of Top 3

Internet Student Surveys

Nano-Engineering

Nano-Engineering combines the science and engineering of nanometer scales in order to develop novel nanoscale systems and technologies.

Nano-Engineering

Pros Cons• Cutting edge• Strong industry trend• Substantial research and knowledge base

• Competition from other programs• Unpredictable future

Recreation Engineering

Recreation engineering integrates fields such as logistics, psychology, ergonomics, civil/mechanical engineering, and others to plan, develop and manage events, installations, hotels, theme parks, customer service operations, etc.

Recreation Engineering

Pros Cons• Wide variety of applications• Industry trend• Increase Gross National Happiness

• Radical idea• Lack of faculty

Sustainability Engineering The combination of engineering methods with scientific

tools to design product, facility, and infrastructure life cycles in ways compatible with long-term considerations, including focuses on energy conservation and the reduction of lost resources.

Sustainability Engineering

Pros Cons• Progressive field• Broad subject range• Significant worldwide impact

• No well-defined curriculum• Developing field

Top 3 ComparisonSatisfies Key Stakeholders

Obeys Given Constraints

Differentiated from Competition

Nano -Engineering

Recreational Engineering

Sustainability Engineering

Sustainability Engineering

Sustainability Engineering

It currently requires about 300 kilograms of natural resources to generate US$100 of income in the world's most advanced economies. Given the size of these economies, this volume of materials represents a truly massive scale of environmental alteration.

First quarter 2003, US GDP = $10.6 Trillion. Equates to 30 Trillion kilograms of natural resources

Source: http://www.wri.org/trends/

Source: http://www.johannesburgsummit.org/html/documents/summit_docs/criticaltrends_1408.pdf

Satisfying the Stakeholders

End Users - Users of Technology and Products Developed as a Result of a New Engineering Discipline

A study published in 1997 by the Berne Declaration calculated that every Swiss franc of official development assistance generates a net return of 1.26 francs in Switzerland.

Source: http://www.foundation.novartis.com/development_assistance.htm

Satisfying the StakeholdersIndustry – 1999 ITT/Discover survey results In your opinion, what will be the greatest challenge solved by civil engineers in the

21st century? 22.1% Water Supply 20.6% Infrastructure development and replacement 16.2% Transportation 13.2% Environmental Concerns

Chemical Engineers? 29.9% Environmental Concerns 20.9% Developing new energy sources 9.0% Water supply

Mechanical Engineers? 30.9% Developing new energy sources

Electrical Engineers? 27.6% Developing new energy sources

Source: http://www.ieeeusa.org/newspubs/features/ittsurvey.htm

Satisfying the Stakeholders

University EPA region III serves Delaware, District of

Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia

13 projects were funded by EPA in region III between 1996 and 1999

Popularity of SE projects has grown since then

Source: http://www.epa.gov/r3chespk/sdcg.htm

Satisfying the StakeholdersFaculty Research undertaken by faculty at Centre for

Sustainable Design at University College, UK Integrated Product Policy and Eco-Product Development

(IPP-EPD) project The Eco-Design Training for Manufacturing, Use and 'End-

of-Life' for SMEs (ETMUEL) project The Strategic Comprehensive Approach for Electronics

Recycling and Re-use (SCARE) project Sustainability Integrated Guidelines for Management

(SIGMA) project

Source: http://www.cfsd.org.uk/research/index.html

Satisfying the Stakeholders

Students Student surveys

Need – Challenging studiesNeed - Opportunity for employment

3 Major Emphases Production

Product quality improvement and design for obsolescence, equipment selection and reliability, process efficiency improvement and impact reduction, packaging, and materials selection and handling.

Sample Companies: High-Tech and Traditional Manufacturing

Facilities Construction materials, energy optimization, waste reduction and

landscape impact. Sample Companies: Contractors, Developers and Consulting Companies.

Infrastructure Public policy and budgeting, environmental economics, transportation

systems and landscape design. Sample Companies: PG&E, Shell, Exxon, and consulting firms as well as

government service including CalTrans.

SE Curriculum – First Years

SE Curriculum - SpecializationProduction Facilities Infrastructure

New SE Classes

SE 122 – Sustainable Processing of Materials in Manufacturing Related to ME 122

SE 126A – Obsolescence

SE 126B – End-of-Life Considerations in Product Design

SE 174 – Senior Project

SE 180 – New Technology and Research Survey interest

Logistics

Department Status: Within Civil Engineering Department

Faculty: Arpad Horvath, As. Prof. Civil Engineering William W. Nazaroff, Prof. Environmental Engineering Kent S. Udell, Prof. Mechanical Engineering

Housing: Davis Hall

Competition Internal to UC Berkeley

Civil and Environmental Engineering Mechanical Engineering

External Programs Cornell University, graduate minor in Conservation and

Sustainable Development University of Arizona, College of Architecture and Environmental

Design Centre for Sustainable Design within The Surrey Institute of Art

& Design, University College, UK Independent research projects from universities, such as

Colorado State and University of Texas.

Stage 3 Research – User Testing

Interview: William W. Nazaroff, Professor of Environmental Engineering at UCB

Interview: Kent S. Urdell, Professor of Mechanical Engineering at UCB

Current Engineering Surveys Industry Surveys

Interview: William W. Nazaroff

Prof. Environmental Engineering

Interested in Civil Engineering Aspects of Sustainable Development

Teaches Graduate Seminar – CE 292A “Technologies for Sustainable Societies”

Referred by Arpad Horvath

Results & Change Effected

Changed Major Name –

Sustainable Development Engineering to Sustainability Engineering

Input on Emphasis Infrastructure, Manufacturing

Focus on Engineering Economics

Interview: Kent S. Udell

Prof. Mechanical Engineering at UCB

Interested in Mechanical Engineering Aspects of Sustainable Development

Goal: To get Faculty perspective on Sustainability Engineering

Results & Change Effected

Use Existing Department Much easier to take small steps

Focus on Energy Conversion

Develop Main Emphases

Current UCB Engineering Students

Surveyed 61 Current Engineering Students, Variety of Engineering Fields, Variety of Course Level

Used a variety of qualitative and quantitative questions

Goal: To get input from current engineers to refine our major

Survey Results

0

5

10

15

20

25

OpenHouse

Relatives Website Friends Teacher Class Catalog

How did you find outabout your major?

Web-Site

Survey Results

Question: “How important are these factors when considering a major?”

Questions: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Avg.Job Opportunities? 1 2 1 1 5 5 18 11 17 8.05Interesting, Challenging? 2 1 3 1 11 17 26 8.79Possibility of becoming wealthy? 2 1 1 3 6 4 14 12 11 7 7.15Solves world problems? 2 5 8 13 5 10 2 9 7 6.28Protect the environment? 13 7 6 9 8 8 5 3 1 1 4.05Parent's approval? 11 5 6 9 7 8 6 3 2 4 4.62Good for society? 4 4 5 7 8 8 6 8 6 5 5.79Fun? 2 2 3 1 5 3 8 15 15 7 7.26

Web-Site

Survey Results Continued

Sample questions: “Did your major turn out like you expected?”

“What would you change about your major?”

Qualitative Results:

“Make the curriculum less flexible” – BioEngr major

“At Berkeley, I would make my major more focused…it’s really hard to chose your own path in bioengineering” – BioEngr major

“I wish they would have had more projects/labs earlier in the curriculum too, so you got to know your peers better earlier” – ME Major

Industry Engineering Surveys

Surveyed 5 Engineers Currently in Industry Goal: To gain additional perspective for

engineering major improvements.

Sample Question:

“What do you regret not learning in college?”

Industry Surveys Results

Desire: Better Writing and Presentation Skills Change: Moved E190 up to Junior Year, Most New

SE Courses are Project/Presentation Focused

Desire: Focus on more Emerging Technology Change: Included SE 180 – Year Long Emerging

Technology Course

Questions?

Team Members

Tom Wu Max Conserva Matt Hedges

Ira Pfeifer Anthony Paganini Harsh Karmarkar Daniel Doria

References

• Slide 5 Image: Zyvex, Inc., http://www.zyvex.com• Slide 7 Images: Clip Art (globe and city), Greenroofs.com,

www.greenroofs.com• Slide 9 Chart: IEEE Spectrum, January 2003 Issue,

http://www.spectrum.ieee.org/WEBONLY/resource/jan03/2003IEEEfellsurv.ppt

• Slide 10 Image: Ollner Design, www.ollnerdesign.com

Sustainability EngineeringIEEE Survey Results

22%

25%

35%

37%

48%

56%

59%

65%

60%

61%

57%

59%

48%

41%

32%

34%

14%

9%

1%

3%

4%

8%

18%

5%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Intellectual property protection

The digital divide

Technological literacy

Transportation

Waste disposal

Envorionmental protection

Fight against terrorism

Energy Development

More technological resources (8-10) Average technological resources (4-7)

Less technological resources (1-3)

Below is a list of broad social issues. Please indicate the amount of technological resources you feel will be needed in the next five years to address each issue. (10= need more technological resources; 1= need less technological resources)